메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 271-298

The alpine treeline ecotone in the southernmost Swedish scandes: Dynamism on different scales

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84867437982     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3797-0_12     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (8)

References (132)
  • 1
    • 38949186473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Klimat i förändring. En jämförelse av temperatur och nederbörd 1991-2005 med 1961-1990
    • Alexandersson H (2006) Klimat i förändring. En jämförelse av temperatur och nederbörd 1991-2005 med 1961-1990. SMHI Faktablad 29:1-8
    • (2006) SMHI Faktablad , vol.29 , pp. 1-8
    • Alexandersson, H.1
  • 2
    • 1942476946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directional positive feedback and pattern at an alpine treeline
    • Alftine K, Malanson GP (2004) Directional positive feedback and pattern at an alpine treeline. J Veg Sci 15:3-12
    • (2004) J Veg Sci , vol.15 , pp. 3-12
    • Alftine, K.1    Malanson, G.P.2
  • 3
    • 0347850180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PhD-thesis. Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology. Stockholm University
    • Allard A (2003) Vegetation changes in mountainous areas. PhD-thesis. Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology. Stockholm University
    • (2003) Vegetation Changes in Mountainous Areas
    • Allard, A.1
  • 4
    • 84929565166 scopus 로고
    • Dalarnasflora i växtgeografisk belysning
    • Natur i Dalarna. K-H, Forsslund C, Curry-Lindahl C eds, Göteborg
    • Almquist E (1949) Dalarnasflora i växtgeografisk belysning. In: Natur i Dalarna. K-H, Forsslund C, Curry-Lindahl C (eds). Bokförlaget Svensk Natur, Göteborg, pp 55-7
    • (1949) Bokförlaget Svensk Natur , pp. 55-57
    • Almquist, E.1
  • 5
    • 79952205655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting climate- and land-use-driven tree encroachment patterns of subarctic tundra in northern Norway and the Kola Peninsula
    • Aune S, Hofgaard A, Söderström L (2011) Contrasting climate- and land-use-driven tree encroachment patterns of subarctic tundra in northern Norway and the Kola Peninsula. Can J For Res 41:437-449
    • (2011) Can J for Res , vol.41 , pp. 437-449
    • Aune, S.1    Hofgaard, A.2    Söderström, L.3
  • 6
    • 84987049333 scopus 로고
    • Landscape analysis of the forest-tundra ecotone in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
    • Baker WL, Weisberg PJ (1995) Landscape analysis of the forest-tundra ecotone in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Prof Geogr 47:361-375
    • (1995) Prof Geogr , vol.47 , pp. 361-375
    • Baker, W.L.1    Weisberg, P.J.2
  • 7
    • 36549068699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strength and spatial patterns of the Holocene wintertime westerlies in the NE Atlantic region
    • Bakke J, Lie Ø, Dahl SO, Nesje A, Bjune AE (2008) Strength and spatial patterns of the Holocene wintertime westerlies in the NE Atlantic region. Glob Planet Chang 60:28-41
    • (2008) Glob Planet Chang , vol.60 , pp. 28-41
    • Bakke, J.1    Lie Ø.2    Dahl, S.O.3    Nesje, A.4    Bjune, A.E.5
  • 8
    • 84875553078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Charcoal in hearths: A clue to the reconstruction of palaeo-environments of Mesolithic dwelling sites
    • Bang-Andersen S (2006) Charcoal in hearths: a clue to the reconstruction of palaeo-environments of Mesolithic dwelling sites. Archaeol Environ 12:5-16
    • (2006) Archaeol Environ , vol.12 , pp. 5-16
    • Bang-Andersen, S.1
  • 9
    • 18644380595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive feedback between tree establishment and patterns of subalpine forest advancement, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA
    • Bekker MF (2005) Positive feedback between tree establishment and patterns of subalpine forest advancement, Glacier National Park, Montana, USA. Arct Antarct Alp Res 37:97-107
    • (2005) Arct Antarct Alp Res , vol.37 , pp. 97-107
    • Bekker, M.F.1
  • 11
    • 42149137828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of geomorphology and geology on alpine treeline in the American west-more important than climatic influences?
    • Butler DR, Malanson GP, Walsh SJ, Fagre DB (2007) Influences of geomorphology and geology on alpine treeline in the American west-more important than climatic influences? Phys Geogr 28:434-450
    • (2007) Phys Geogr , vol.28 , pp. 434-450
    • Butler, D.R.1    Malanson, G.P.2    Walsh, S.J.3    Fagre, D.B.4
  • 13
    • 0023469296 scopus 로고
    • Podzol development, vegetation change and glacier variations at Haugabreen, southern Norway
    • Caseldine CJ, Matthews JA (1987) Podzol development, vegetation change and glacier variations at Haugabreen, southern Norway. Boreas 16:215-230
    • (1987) Boreas , vol.16 , pp. 215-230
    • Caseldine, C.J.1    Matthews, J.A.2
  • 14
    • 0024197044 scopus 로고
    • Climatic changes of the last 18.000 years: Observations and simulations
    • COHMAP members (1988) Climatic changes of the last 18.000 years: observations and simulations. Science 241:1043-1052
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1043-1052
    • COHMAP members1
  • 15
    • 33846919856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability, contingency and rapid change in recent subarctic alpine treeline dynamics
    • Danby RK, Hik DK (2007) Variability, contingency and rapid change in recent subarctic alpine treeline dynamics. J Ecol 95:352-363
    • (2007) J Ecol , vol.95 , pp. 352-363
    • Danby, R.K.1    Hik, D.K.2
  • 16
    • 0042174023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variability and change in high elevation regions: Past, present and future
    • Diaz HF, Grosjean M, Graumlich L (2003) Climate variability and change in high elevation regions: past, present and future. Clim Chang 59:1-4
    • (2003) Clim Chang , vol.59 , pp. 1-4
    • Diaz, H.F.1    Grosjean, M.2    Graumlich, L.3
  • 17
    • 77649100981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-scale influences of slope aspect and spatial pattern on ecotonal dynamics at upper treeline in the Southern Rocky Mountains, U. S. A
    • Elliot GP, Kipfmueller KF (2010) Multi-scale influences of slope aspect and spatial pattern on ecotonal dynamics at upper treeline in the Southern Rocky Mountains, U. S. A. Arct Antarct Alp Res 42:45-56
    • (2010) Arct Antarct Alp Res , vol.42 , pp. 45-56
    • Elliot, G.P.1    Kipfmueller, K.F.2
  • 19
    • 0002407018 scopus 로고
    • Untersuchungen über die pflanzenbiologischen und einige andere Folgerscheinungen der neuzeitlichen Klimaschwankung in Finnland
    • Erkamo V (1956) Untersuchungen über die pflanzenbiologischen und einige andere Folgerscheinungen der neuzeitlichen Klimaschwankung in Finnland. Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo 28:1-283
    • (1956) Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo , vol.28 , pp. 1-283
    • Erkamo, V.1
  • 20
    • 18544407179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale tree-line changes recorded in Siberia
    • Esper J, Schweingruber FH (2004) Large-scale tree-line changes recorded in Siberia. Geophys Res Lett 31:1-5
    • (2004) Geophys Res Lett , vol.31 , pp. 1-5
    • Esper, J.1    Schweingruber, F.H.2
  • 21
    • 0041767998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking the pulse of mountains: Ecosystem responses to climatic variability
    • Fagre DB, Peterson DL, Hessle AE (2003) Taking the pulse of mountains: ecosystem responses to climatic variability. Clim Chang 59:263-282
    • (2003) Clim Chang , vol.59 , pp. 263-282
    • Fagre, D.B.1    Peterson, D.L.2    Hessle, A.E.3
  • 22
    • 84929561281 scopus 로고
    • Omkring Storvaln. Sveriges sydligatse fjäll
    • Forsslund K-E (1921) Omkring Storvaln. Sveriges sydligatse fjäll. Sveriges Natur 1921:33-42
    • (1921) Sveriges Natur , vol.1921 , pp. 33-42
    • Forsslund, K.-E.1
  • 23
    • 34249983167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree line shifts in the Swiss Alps. Climate change and land abandonment
    • Gehrig-Fasel J, Guisan A, Zimmermann NE (2007) Tree line shifts in the Swiss Alps. Climate change and land abandonment. J Veg Sci 18:571-582
    • (2007) J Veg Sci , vol.18 , pp. 571-582
    • Gehrig-Fasel, J.1    Guisan, A.2    Zimmermann, N.E.3
  • 24
    • 0036034245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer seedling distribution and survival in an alpinetundra ecotone
    • Germino MJ, Smith WK, Resor AC (2002) Conifer seedling distribution and survival in an alpinetundra ecotone. Plant Ecol 162:157-168
    • (2002) Plant Ecol , vol.162 , pp. 157-168
    • Germino, M.J.1    Smith, W.K.2    Resor, A.C.3
  • 25
    • 21544484339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holocene forest development in the central Scandes Mountains, Sweden
    • Giesecke T (2005) Holocene forest development in the central Scandes Mountains, Sweden. Veg Hist Archaeobot 14:133-147
    • (2005) Veg Hist Archaeobot , vol.14 , pp. 133-147
    • Giesecke, T.1
  • 26
    • 0027878892 scopus 로고
    • Ecotone hierarchies
    • Gosz JR (1993) Ecotone hierarchies. Ecol Appl 3:369-373
    • (1993) Ecol Appl , vol.3 , pp. 369-373
    • Gosz, J.R.1
  • 27
    • 0036802049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of climate change on the tree line
    • Grace J, Berninger F, Nagy L (2002) Impacts of climate change on the tree line. Ann Bot 90:537-544
    • (2002) Ann Bot , vol.90 , pp. 537-544
    • Grace, J.1    Berninger, F.2    Nagy, L.3
  • 29
    • 77953918920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing a missing link: Warm summers and winter snow cover promote shrub expansion into alpine tundra in Scandinavia
    • Hallinger M, Manthey M, Wilmking M (2010) Establishing a missing link: warm summers and winter snow cover promote shrub expansion into alpine tundra in Scandinavia. New Phytol 186:890-899
    • (2010) New Phytol , vol.186 , pp. 890-899
    • Hallinger, M.1    Manthey, M.2    Wilmking, M.3
  • 30
    • 70349104098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are treelines advancing? A global meta-analysis of treeline response to climate warming
    • Harsch MA, Hulme PE, McGlone MS, Duncan RP (2009) Are treelines advancing? A global meta-analysis of treeline response to climate warming. Ecol Lett 12:1040-1049
    • (2009) Ecol Lett , vol.12 , pp. 1040-1049
    • Harsch, M.A.1    Hulme, P.E.2    McGlone, M.S.3    Duncan, R.P.4
  • 31
    • 0037360228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The carbon charging of pines at the climatic treeline: A global comparison
    • Hoch G, Körner C (2003) The carbon charging of pines at the climatic treeline: a global comparison. Oecologia 135:10-21
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.135 , pp. 10-21
    • Hoch, G.1    Körner, C.2
  • 32
    • 0036385226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant distribution across the forest-tundra ecotone: The importance of treeline position
    • Hofgaard A, Wilmann B (2002) Plant distribution across the forest-tundra ecotone: the importance of treeline position. Ecoscience 9:375-385
    • (2002) Ecoscience , vol.9 , pp. 375-385
    • Hofgaard, A.1    Wilmann, B.2
  • 33
    • 0000767988 scopus 로고
    • What does the term "krummholz" really mean? Observations with special reference to the Alps and the Colorado Front Range
    • Holtmeier F-K (1981) What does the term "krummholz" really mean? Observations with special reference to the Alps and the Colorado Front Range. Mt Res Dev 1:253-260
    • (1981) Mt Res Dev , vol.1 , pp. 253-260
    • Holtmeier, F.-K.1
  • 35
    • 28244462508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity and response of northern hemisphere altitudinal and polar treelines to environmental change at landscape and local scales
    • Holtmeier F-K, Broll G (2005) Sensitivity and response of northern hemisphere altitudinal and polar treelines to environmental change at landscape and local scales. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 14:395-410
    • (2005) Glob Ecol Biogeogr , vol.14 , pp. 395-410
    • Holtmeier, F.-K.1    Broll, G.2
  • 36
    • 40949154597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treeline advance-driving processes and adverse factors
    • Holtmeier F-K, Broll G (2007) Treeline advance-driving processes and adverse factors. Landsc Online 1:1-33
    • (2007) Landsc Online , vol.1 , pp. 1-33
    • Holtmeier, F.-K.1    Broll, G.2
  • 37
    • 77954873940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind as an ecological agent at treeline in North America, the Alps and the European Subarctic
    • Holtmeier F-K, Broll G (2010) Wind as an ecological agent at treeline in North America, the Alps and the European Subarctic. Phys Geogr 31:203-233
    • (2010) Phys Geogr , vol.31 , pp. 203-233
    • Holtmeier, F.-K.1    Broll, G.2
  • 38
    • 0035671247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ektunnor och den medeltida värmeprioden i Satakunta
    • Huldén L (2001) Ektunnor och den medeltida värmeprioden i Satakunta. Terra 113:171-178
    • (2001) Terra , vol.113 , pp. 171-178
    • Huldén, L.1
  • 39
    • 3543110111 scopus 로고
    • Pflanzengeographische Studien im Gebiet der niederen Fjelde im westlichen Finnischen Lappland
    • Hustich I (1937) Pflanzengeographische Studien im Gebiet der niederen Fjelde im westlichen Finnischen Lappland. Acta Bot Fenn 19:1-156
    • (1937) Acta Bot Fenn , vol.19 , pp. 1-156
    • Hustich, I.1
  • 40
    • 0002819694 scopus 로고
    • The Scotch pine in northernmost Finland and its dependence on the climate in the last decades
    • Hustich I (1948) The Scotch pine in northernmost Finland and its dependence on the climate in the last decades. Acta Bot Fenn 42:1-75
    • (1948) Acta Bot Fenn , vol.42 , pp. 1-75
    • Hustich, I.1
  • 41
    • 0002708485 scopus 로고
    • On the recent expansion of the Scotch pine in northern Europe
    • Hustich I (1958) On the recent expansion of the Scotch pine in northern Europe. Fennia 82:1-25
    • (1958) Fennia , vol.82 , pp. 1-25
    • Hustich, I.1
  • 42
    • 0000735127 scopus 로고
    • The growth of Scots pine in northern Lapland, 1928-77
    • Hustich I (1978) The growth of Scots pine in northern Lapland, 1928-77. Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo 15:241-252
    • (1978) Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo , vol.15 , pp. 241-252
    • Hustich, I.1
  • 43
    • 84985810513 scopus 로고
    • Ecological concepts and biogeographical zonation in the north: The need for a generally accepted terminology
    • Hustich I (1979) Ecological concepts and biogeographical zonation in the north: the need for a generally accepted terminology. Holarct Ecol 2:208-217
    • (1979) Holarct Ecol , vol.2 , pp. 208-217
    • Hustich, I.1
  • 45
    • 33750436960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in composition, structure, and altitudinal distribution of low forests at the upper limit of their growth in the Northern Ural Mountains
    • Kapralov DS, Shiyatov SG, Moiseev PA, Fomin VV (2006) Changes in composition, structure, and altitudinal distribution of low forests at the upper limit of their growth in the Northern Ural Mountains. Russ J Ecol 37:367-372
    • (2006) Russ J Ecol , vol.37 , pp. 367-372
    • Kapralov, D.S.1    Shiyatov, S.G.2    Moiseev, P.A.3    Fomin, V.V.4
  • 47
    • 0003282989 scopus 로고
    • Lacustrine sedimenst and tree-limit variations as indicators of Holocene climatic fluctuations in Lappland: Northern Sweden
    • Karlén W (1976) Lacustrine sedimenst and tree-limit variations as indicators of Holocene climatic fluctuations in Lappland: northern Sweden. Geogr Ann 58A:1-34
    • (1976) Geogr Ann , vol.58 A , pp. 1-34
    • Karlén, W.1
  • 48
    • 58149251998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent changes in climate: Natural or forced by human activity
    • Karlén W (2008) Recent changes in climate: natural or forced by human activity. Ambio Special Report 14:483-488
    • (2008) Ambio Special Report , vol.14 , pp. 483-488
    • Karlén, W.1
  • 49
    • 12944318515 scopus 로고
    • Om de skogbildande trädens utbredning i Dalarnes fjältrakter
    • Kellgren AG (1891) Om de skogbildande trädens utbredning i Dalarnes fjältrakter. Botaniska Notiser 1891:182-186
    • (1891) Botaniska Notiser , vol.1891 , pp. 182-186
    • Kellgren, A.G.1
  • 50
    • 0002705286 scopus 로고
    • Pflanzenbiologische Studien aus Russich Lappland
    • Kihlman AO (1890) Pflanzenbiologische Studien aus Russich Lappland. Acta Soc Fauna Flora Fenn 68(3):1-263
    • (1890) Acta Soc Fauna Flora Fenn , vol.68 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-263
    • Kihlman, A.O.1
  • 51
    • 0031669743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns and structure of the mountain birch tree-limit in the southern Swedish Scandes-a regional perspective
    • Kjällgren L, Kullman L (1998) Spatial patterns and structure of the mountain birch tree-limit in the southern Swedish Scandes-a regional perspective. Geogr Ann 80A:1-16
    • (1998) Geogr Ann , vol.80 A , pp. 1-16
    • Kjällgren, L.1    Kullman, L.2
  • 52
    • 0037238690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent increases in species richness and shifts in altitudinal distributions of Norwegian mountain plants
    • Klanderud K, Birks HJ (2003) Recent increases in species richness and shifts in altitudinal distributions of Norwegian mountain plants. Holocene 13:1-6
    • (2003) Holocene , vol.13 , pp. 1-6
    • Klanderud, K.1    Birks, H.J.2
  • 54
    • 38649140514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic treelines: Conventions, global patterns, causes
    • Körner C (2007) Climatic treelines: conventions, global patterns, causes. Erdkunde 61:316-324
    • (2007) Erdkunde , vol.61 , pp. 316-324
    • Körner, C.1
  • 55
    • 0000768517 scopus 로고
    • Change and stability in the altitude of the birch tree-limit in the southern Swedish Scandes 1915-1975
    • Kullman L (1979) Change and stability in the altitude of the birch tree-limit in the southern Swedish Scandes 1915-1975. Acta Phytogeogr Suec 65:1-121
    • (1979) Acta Phytogeogr Suec , vol.65 , pp. 1-121
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 56
    • 0018915743 scopus 로고
    • Radiocarbon dating of subfossil Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the southern Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (1980) Radiocarbon dating of subfossil Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the southern Swedish Scandes. Boreas 9:101-106
    • (1980) Boreas , vol.9 , pp. 101-106
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 57
    • 0022905098 scopus 로고
    • Demography of Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa sown in contrasting habitats close to the birch limit in Central Sweden
    • Kullman L (1986a) Demography of Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa sown in contrasting habitats close to the birch limit in Central Sweden. Vegetatio 65:13-20
    • (1986) Vegetatio , vol.65 , pp. 13-20
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 58
    • 0022842304 scopus 로고
    • Recent tree-limit history of Picea abies in the southern Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (1986b) Recent tree-limit history of Picea abies in the southern Swedish Scandes. Can J For Res 16:761-771
    • (1986) Can J for Res , vol.16 , pp. 761-771
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 59
    • 84885033040 scopus 로고
    • A decade of tree-limit monitoring in the southern Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (1987) A decade of tree-limit monitoring in the southern Swedish Scandes. UNGI Rapport 65:191-202
    • (1987) UNGI Rapport , vol.65 , pp. 191-202
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 60
    • 84986815075 scopus 로고
    • Tree limit dynamics of Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa in relation to climate variability: Evidence from central Sweden
    • Kullman L (1993) Tree limit dynamics of Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa in relation to climate variability: evidence from central Sweden. J Veg Sci 4:765-772
    • (1993) J Veg Sci , vol.4 , pp. 765-772
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 61
    • 0031399797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-limit stress and disturbance. A 25-year survey of geoecological change in the Scandes Mountains of Sweden
    • Kullman L (1997) Tree-limit stress and disturbance. A 25-year survey of geoecological change in the Scandes Mountains of Sweden. Geogr Ann 79A:139-165
    • (1997) Geogr Ann , vol.79 A , pp. 139-165
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 62
    • 0031847951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-limits and montane forests in the Swedish Scandes: Sensitive biomonitors of climate change and variability
    • Kullman L (1998) Tree-limits and montane forests in the Swedish Scandes: sensitive biomonitors of climate change and variability. Ambio 27:312-321
    • (1998) Ambio , vol.27 , pp. 312-321
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 63
    • 0033929988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-limit rise and recent warming: A geoecological case study from the Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (2000) Tree-limit rise and recent warming: a geoecological case study from the Swedish Scandes. Norw J Geogr 54:49-59
    • (2000) Norw J Geogr , vol.54 , pp. 49-59
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 64
    • 0035050030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 20th century climate warming and tree-limit rise in the southern Scandes
    • Kullman L (2001a) 20th century climate warming and tree-limit rise in the southern Scandes. Ambio 30:72-80
    • (2001) Ambio , vol.30 , pp. 72-80
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 65
    • 0035213407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immigration of Picea abies into North-Central Sweden. New evidence of regional expansion and tree-limit evolution
    • Kullman L (2001b) Immigration of Picea abies into North-Central Sweden. New evidence of regional expansion and tree-limit evolution. Nordic J Bot 21:39-54
    • (2001) Nordic J Bot , vol.21 , pp. 39-54
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 66
    • 0037372998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent reversal of Neoglacial climate cooling trend in the Swedish Scandes as evidenced by mountain birch tree-limit rise
    • Kullman L (2003) Recent reversal of Neoglacial climate cooling trend in the Swedish Scandes as evidenced by mountain birch tree-limit rise. Glob Planet Chang 36:77-88
    • (2003) Glob Planet Chang , vol.36 , pp. 77-88
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 67
    • 17844364927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree-limit and landscape evolution at the southern fringe of the Swedish Scandes (Dalarna province)-Holocene and 20th century perspectives
    • Kullman L (2004a) Tree-limit and landscape evolution at the southern fringe of the Swedish Scandes (Dalarna province)-Holocene and 20th century perspectives. Fennia 182:73-94
    • (2004) Fennia , vol.182 , pp. 73-94
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 68
    • 18844435989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A face of global warming-"ice birches" and a changing alpine plant cover
    • Kullman L (2004b) A face of global warming-"ice birches" and a changing alpine plant cover. GeoÖko 25:181-202
    • (2004) GeoÖko , vol.25 , pp. 181-202
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 69
    • 29544452839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamla och nya träd på Fulufjället-vegetationshistoria på hög nivå
    • Kullman L (2005a) Gamla och nya träd på Fulufjället-vegetationshistoria på hög nivå. Sven Bot Tidskr 99:315-329
    • (2005) Sven Bot Tidskr , vol.99 , pp. 315-329
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 70
    • 64549124033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trädgränsen i Dalafjällen. Del. 2. Tandövala-försvinnande sydlig fjällvärld
    • Kullman L (2005b) Trädgränsen i Dalafjällen. Del. 2. Tandövala-försvinnande sydlig fjällvärld. Länsstyrelsen Dalarnas Län Miljövårdsenheten Rapport 10:1-25
    • (2005) Länsstyrelsen Dalarnas Län Miljövårdsenheten Rapport , vol.10 , pp. 1-25
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 71
    • 18844381074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pine (Pinus sylvestris) treeline dynamics during the past millennium a population study in west-central Sweden
    • Kullman L (2005c) Pine (Pinus sylvestris) treeline dynamics during the past millennium a population study in west-central Sweden. Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo 42:95-106
    • (2005) Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo , vol.42 , pp. 95-106
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 72
    • 18844383994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind-conditioned 20th century decline of birch treeline vegetation in the Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (2005d) Wind-conditioned 20th century decline of birch treeline vegetation in the Swedish Scandes. Arctic 58:286-294
    • (2005) Arctic , vol.58 , pp. 286-294
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 73
    • 33845648546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree line population monitoring of Pinus sylvestris in the Swedish Scandes, 1973-2005: Implications for tree line theory and climate change ecology
    • Kullman L (2007a) Tree line population monitoring of Pinus sylvestris in the Swedish Scandes, 1973-2005: implications for tree line theory and climate change ecology. J Ecol 95:41-52
    • (2007) J Ecol , vol.95 , pp. 41-52
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 74
    • 64549121653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern climate change and shifting ecological states of the subalpine/alpine landscape in the Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (2007b) Modern climate change and shifting ecological states of the subalpine/alpine landscape in the Swedish Scandes. GeoÖko 28:187-221
    • (2007) GeoÖko , vol.28 , pp. 187-221
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 75
    • 33847043054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term geobotanical observations of climate change impacts in the Scandes of West-Central Sweden
    • Kullman L (2007c) Long-term geobotanical observations of climate change impacts in the Scandes of West-Central Sweden. Nord J Bot 24:445-467
    • (2007) Nord J Bot , vol.24 , pp. 445-467
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 76
    • 38949184549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermophilic tree species reinvade subalpine Sweden-early responses to anomalous Late Holocene warming
    • Kullman L (2008) Thermophilic tree species reinvade subalpine Sweden-early responses to anomalous Late Holocene warming. Arct Antarct Alp Res 40:104-110
    • (2008) Arct Antarct Alp Res , vol.40 , pp. 104-110
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 77
    • 77954624320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One century of treeline change and stability-experiences from the Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (2010a) One century of treeline change and stability-experiences from the Swedish Scandes. Landsc Online 17:1-31
    • (2010) Landsc Online , vol.17 , pp. 1-31
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 78
    • 78149396728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpineflora dynamics-a critical review of responses to climate change in the Swedish Scandes since the early 1950s
    • Kullman L (2010b) Alpineflora dynamics-a critical review of responses to climate change in the Swedish Scandes since the early 1950s. Nord J Bot 28:398-408
    • (2010) Nord J Bot , vol.28 , pp. 398-408
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 79
    • 77954620924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A richer, greener and smaller alpine world: Review and projection of warminginduced plant cover change in the Swedish Scandes
    • Kullman L (2010c) A richer, greener and smaller alpine world: review and projection of warminginduced plant cover change in the Swedish Scandes. Ambio 39:159-169
    • (2010) Ambio , vol.39 , pp. 159-169
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 80
    • 84879549882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fjällens nya ansikte. Rikare, grönare, vackrare
    • Swedish with English summary
    • Kullman L (2010) Fjällens nya ansikte. Rikare, grönare, vackrare. Lustgården 90:13-24. In Swedish with English summary
    • (2010) Lustgården , vol.90 , pp. 13-24
    • Kullman, L.1
  • 81
    • 32144443880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holocene treeline evolution in the Swedish Scandes: Recent treeline rise and climate change in a long-term perspective
    • Kullman L, Kjällgren L (2006) Holocene treeline evolution in the Swedish Scandes: recent treeline rise and climate change in a long-term perspective. Boreas 35:159-168
    • (2006) Boreas , vol.35 , pp. 159-168
    • Kullman, L.1    Kjällgren, L.2
  • 82
    • 64549134657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-Little Ice Age tree line rise and climate warming in the Swedish Scandes: A landscape ecological perspective
    • Kullman L, Öberg L (2009) Post-Little Ice Age tree line rise and climate warming in the Swedish Scandes: a landscape ecological perspective. J Ecol 97:415-429
    • (2009) J Ecol , vol.97 , pp. 415-429
    • Kullman, L.1    Öberg, L.2
  • 83
    • 0030425258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The suitability of montane ecotones as indicators of global climatic change
    • Kupfer JA, Cairns DM (1996) The suitability of montane ecotones as indicators of global climatic change. Prog Phys Geogr 20:253-272
    • (1996) Prog Phys Geogr , vol.20 , pp. 253-272
    • Kupfer, J.A.1    Cairns, D.M.2
  • 84
    • 0001655815 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of mean air temperatures upon latitude and altitude in Fennoscandia
    • Laaksonen K (1976) The dependence of mean air temperatures upon latitude and altitude in Fennoscandia. Ann Acad Sci Fenn Ser A3 199:1-19
    • (1976) Ann Acad Sci Fenn Ser A3 , vol.199 , pp. 1-19
    • Laaksonen, K.1
  • 85
    • 79955112444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate warming and the recent treeline shift in the European Alps: The role of geomorphological factors in high-altitude sites
    • Leonelli G, Pelfini M, Morra Di Cella U, Garavaglia V (2011) Climate warming and the recent treeline shift in the European Alps: the role of geomorphological factors in high-altitude sites. Ambio 40:264-273
    • (2011) Ambio , vol.40 , pp. 264-273
    • Leonelli, G.1    Pelfini, M.2    Morra Di Cella, U.3    Garavaglia, V.4
  • 87
    • 62149105611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature proxy records covering the last two millennia: A tabular and visual overview
    • Ljungqvist FC (2009) Temperature proxy records covering the last two millennia: a tabular and visual overview. Geogr Ann 91A:11-29
    • (2009) Geogr Ann , vol.91 A , pp. 11-29
    • Ljungqvist, F.C.1
  • 88
    • 21744439533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological histories from Alaskan treelines provide insight into future change
    • Lloyd AH (2005) Ecological histories from Alaskan treelines provide insight into future change. Ecology 86:1687-1695
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 1687-1695
    • Lloyd, A.H.1
  • 89
    • 0036130219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variability in the growth and climate response of treelines in Alaska
    • Lloyd AH, Fastie CL (2002) Spatial and temporal variability in the growth and climate response of treelines in Alaska. Clim Chang 52:481-509
    • (2002) Clim Chang , vol.52 , pp. 481-509
    • Lloyd, A.H.1    Fastie, C.L.2
  • 91
    • 0001843908 scopus 로고
    • Beskrivning till jordartskarta över Kopparbergs län
    • Lundqvist G (1951) Beskrivning till jordartskarta över Kopparbergs län. Sver Geol Und Ca 21:1-213
    • (1951) Sver Geol und Ca , vol.21 , pp. 1-213
    • Lundqvist, G.1
  • 92
    • 0035739269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex responses to global change at alpine treeline
    • Malanson GP (2001) Complex responses to global change at alpine treeline. Phys Geogr 22:333-342
    • (2001) Phys Geogr , vol.22 , pp. 333-342
    • Malanson, G.P.1
  • 93
    • 38049105320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nya fynd i Ångermanlandsflora
    • Mascher JW (2007) Nya fynd i Ångermanlandsflora. Sven Bot Tidskr 101:321-346
    • (2007) Sven Bot Tidskr , vol.101 , pp. 321-346
    • Mascher, J.W.1
  • 94
    • 0034013501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative high mountain research on the treeline ecotone under human impact
    • Miehe G, Miehe S (2000) Comparative high mountain research on the treeline ecotone under human impact. Erdkunde 54:34-50
    • (2000) Erdkunde , vol.54 , pp. 34-50
    • Miehe, G.1    Miehe, S.2
  • 96
    • 85045374871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential effects of climate change on treeline position in the Swedish mountains
    • Moen J, Aune K, Edenius L, Agerbjörn A (2004) Potential effects of climate change on treeline position in the Swedish mountains. Ecol Soc 16:1-10
    • (2004) Ecol Soc , vol.16 , pp. 1-10
    • Moen, J.1    Aune, K.2    Edenius, L.3    Agerbjörn, A.4
  • 97
    • 77649144565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors structuring the treeline ecotone in Fennoscandia
    • Moen J, Cairns DM, Lafon CW (2008) Factors structuring the treeline ecotone in Fennoscandia. Plant Ecol Divers 1:77-87
    • (2008) Plant Ecol Divers , vol.1 , pp. 77-87
    • Moen, J.1    Cairns, D.M.2    Lafon, C.W.3
  • 98
    • 23444454337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term vegetational history of a Picea abies stand in south-eastern Norway: Implications for the conservation of biological values
    • Molinari C, Bradshaw RHW, Risbøl O, Lie H, Ohlson M (2005) Long-term vegetational history of a Picea abies stand in south-eastern Norway: implications for the conservation of biological values. Biol Conserv 126:155-165
    • (2005) Biol Conserv , vol.126 , pp. 155-165
    • Molinari, C.1    Bradshaw, R.H.W.2    Risbøl, O.3    Lie, H.4    Ohlson, M.5
  • 100
    • 3543113706 scopus 로고
    • Waldgrenze und Kampfzone in den Alpen
    • Nägeli W (1969) Waldgrenze und Kampfzone in den Alpen. Hespa Mitt 19:1-44
    • (1969) Hespa Mitt , vol.19 , pp. 1-44
    • Nägeli, W.1
  • 101
    • 33845672927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European high mountain (alpine) vegetation and its suitability for indicating climate change impacts
    • Nagy L (2006) European high mountain (alpine) vegetation and its suitability for indicating climate change impacts. Biol Environ Proc R Ir Acad 106 B (3):335-341
    • (2006) Biol Environ Proc R Ir Acad , vol.106 B , Issue.3 , pp. 335-341
    • Nagy, L.1
  • 102
    • 0027849053 scopus 로고
    • A model of the responses of ecotones to climate change
    • Noble IR (1993) A model of the responses of ecotones to climate change. Ecol Appl 3:396-403
    • (1993) Ecol Appl , vol.3 , pp. 396-403
    • Noble, I.R.1
  • 105
    • 79958114279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancient subalpine clonal spruces (Picea abies): Sources of postglacial vegetation history in the Swedish Scandes
    • Öberg L, Kullman L (2011a) Ancient subalpine clonal spruces (Picea abies): sources of postglacial vegetation history in the Swedish Scandes. Arctic 64:183-196
    • (2011) Arctic , vol.64 , pp. 183-196
    • Öberg, L.1    Kullman, L.2
  • 106
    • 84855565082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent glacier recession-a new source of postglacial treeline and climate history in the Swedish Scandes
    • Öberg L, Kullman L (2011b) Recent glacier recession-a new source of postglacial treeline and climate history in the Swedish Scandes. Landsc Online 26:1-38
    • (2011) Landsc Online , vol.26 , pp. 1-38
    • Öberg, L.1    Kullman, L.2
  • 107
    • 78649257265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing vascular plant richness on 13 high mountain summits in southern Norway since the early 1970s
    • Odland A, Høitomt T, Olsen SL (2010) Increasing vascular plant richness on 13 high mountain summits in southern Norway since the early 1970s. Arct Antarct Alp Res 42:458-470
    • (2010) Arct Antarct Alp Res , vol.42 , pp. 458-470
    • Odland, A.1    Høitomt, T.2    Olsen, S.L.3
  • 108
    • 29544442623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varder-en försvinnande naturtyp
    • Oldhammer B (2005) Varder-en försvinnande naturtyp. Sven Bot Tidskr 99:330-331
    • (2005) Sven Bot Tidskr , vol.99 , pp. 330-331
    • Oldhammer, B.1
  • 109
    • 74149088592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and environment of the Rødalen alpine area, Central Norway, with emphasis on the early Holocene
    • Paus A (2010) Vegetation and environment of the Rødalen alpine area, Central Norway, with emphasis on the early Holocene. Veget Hist Archeobot 19:29-51
    • (2010) Veget Hist Archeobot , vol.19 , pp. 29-51
    • Paus, A.1
  • 112
    • 0031404543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reinvestigation of the interglacial pollenflora at Leveäniemi, Swedish Lapland
    • Robertsson AM (1997) Reinvestigation of the interglacial pollenflora at Leveäniemi, Swedish Lapland. Boreas 26:81-89
    • (1997) Boreas , vol.26 , pp. 81-89
    • Robertsson, A.M.1
  • 113
    • 84929554465 scopus 로고
    • Regionförskjutningar inom Dalarne
    • Samuelsson G (1910) Regionförskjutningar inom Dalarne. Sven Bot Tidskr 4:1-57
    • (1910) Sven Bot Tidskr , vol.4 , pp. 1-57
    • Samuelsson, G.1
  • 114
    • 17844383655 scopus 로고
    • Om Dalafjällen
    • Samuelsson G (1914) Om Dalafjällen. Ymer 1914:331-345
    • (1914) Ymer , vol.1914 , pp. 331-345
    • Samuelsson, G.1
  • 115
    • 0004709544 scopus 로고
    • Studien über die Vegetation der Hochgebirgsgegenden von Dalarne
    • Samuelsson G (1917) Studien über die Vegetation der Hochgebirgsgegenden von Dalarne. N Acta Reg Soc Sci Upsal 4(8):1-253
    • (1917) N Acta Reg Soc Sci Upsal , vol.4 , Issue.8 , pp. 1-253
    • Samuelsson, G.1
  • 116
    • 0037947436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichens and mosses promote alternate stable plant communities in the New Jersey pinelands
    • Sedia EG, Ehrenfeld JG (2003) Lichens and mosses promote alternate stable plant communities in the New Jersey pinelands. Oikos 100:447-458
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.100 , pp. 447-458
    • Sedia, E.G.1    Ehrenfeld, J.G.2
  • 118
    • 2942599759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of change in the upper treeline ecotone in the Polar Urals
    • Shiyatov SG (2003) Rates of change in the upper treeline ecotone in the Polar Urals. Pages News 11:6-8
    • (2003) Pages News , vol.11 , pp. 6-8
    • Shiyatov, S.G.1
  • 119
    • 0002749981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The background: Geology, climate and zonation
    • Sjörs H (1999) The background: geology, climate and zonation. Acta Phytogeogr Suec 84:5-14
    • (1999) Acta Phytogeogr Suec , vol.84 , pp. 5-14
    • Sjörs, H.1
  • 123
    • 64549085490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment of boreal forest species in alpine dwarfshrub heath in subarctic Sweden
    • Sundqvist MK, Björk RG, Molau U (2008) Establishment of boreal forest species in alpine dwarfshrub heath in subarctic Sweden. Plant Ecol Divers 1:67-75
    • (2008) Plant Ecol Divers , vol.1 , pp. 67-75
    • Sundqvist, M.K.1    Björk, R.G.2    Molau, U.3
  • 124
    • 0000418225 scopus 로고
    • A further contribution to the problem of the spread of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in Fennoscandia
    • Tallantire P (1977) A further contribution to the problem of the spread of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in Fennoscandia. J Biogeogr 4:219-227
    • (1977) J Biogeogr , vol.4 , pp. 219-227
    • Tallantire, P.1
  • 125
    • 33645510833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan-Arctic
    • Tape K, Sturm M, Racine C (2006) The evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan-Arctic. Glob Chang Biol 12:686-702
    • (2006) Glob Chang Biol , vol.12 , pp. 686-702
    • Tape, K.1    Sturm, M.2    Racine, C.3
  • 126
    • 33645067542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid responses of high-mountain vegetation to early Holocene environmental changes in the Swiss Alps
    • Tinner W, Kaltenrieder P (2005) Rapid responses of high-mountain vegetation to early Holocene environmental changes in the Swiss Alps. J Ecol 93:936-947
    • (2005) J Ecol , vol.93 , pp. 936-947
    • Tinner, W.1    Kaltenrieder, P.2
  • 127
    • 56449090305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Above ground biomass changes in the mountain birch forests and mountain heaths of Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway, in the period 1957-2006
    • Tømmervik H, Johansen B, Riseth JÅ, Karlsen SR, Solberg B, Høgda KA (2009) Above ground biomass changes in the mountain birch forests and mountain heaths of Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway, in the period 1957-2006. For Ecol Manag 257:244-257
    • (2009) For Ecol Manag , vol.257 , pp. 244-257
    • Tømmervik, H.1    Johansen, B.2    Riseth J.Å.3    Karlsen, S.R.4    Solberg, B.5    Høgda, K.A.6
  • 128
    • 13844259433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holocene environmental history and climate at Råtåsjøen, a low-alpine lake in south-central Norway
    • Velle G, Larsen J, Eide W, Peglar SM, Birks HJB (2005) Holocene environmental history and climate at Råtåsjøen, a low-alpine lake in south-central Norway. J Paleolimnol 33:129-153
    • (2005) J Paleolimnol , vol.33 , pp. 129-153
    • Velle, G.1    Larsen, J.2    Eide, W.3    Peglar, S.M.4    Birks, H.J.B.5
  • 129
    • 12444265426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term changes in alpine plant communities in Norway and Finland
    • Nagy L, Grabherr G, Körner C, Thompson DBA eds, Springer, Berlin
    • Virtanen R, Eskelinen A, Gaare E (2003) Long-term changes in alpine plant communities in Norway and Finland. In: Nagy L, Grabherr G, Körner C, Thompson DBA (eds) Alpine biodiversity in Europe. Springer, Berlin, pp 411-422
    • (2003) Alpine Biodiversity in Europe , pp. 411-422
    • Virtanen, R.1    Eskelinen, A.2    Gaare, E.3
  • 130
    • 0028603987 scopus 로고
    • Influence of snow patterns and snow avalanches on the alpine treeline ecotone
    • Walsh SJ, Butler DR, Allen TR, Malanson GP (1994) Influence of snow patterns and snow avalanches on the alpine treeline ecotone. J Veg Sci 5:657-672
    • (1994) J Veg Sci , vol.5 , pp. 657-672
    • Walsh, S.J.1    Butler, D.R.2    Allen, T.R.3    Malanson, G.P.4
  • 131
    • 5944236007 scopus 로고
    • Bidrag till Pite lappmarks växtgeografi
    • Wistrand G (1981) Bidrag till Pite lappmarks växtgeografi. Växtekol Stud 14:1-99
    • (1981) Växtekol Stud , vol.14 , pp. 1-99
    • Wistrand, G.1
  • 132
    • 79952225773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendroclimatic relationships and possible implications for mountain birch and Scots pine at treeline in northern Sweden through the 21st century
    • Young A, Cairns DM, Lafon CW, Moen J, Martin LE (2011) Dendroclimatic relationships and possible implications for mountain birch and Scots pine at treeline in northern Sweden through the 21st century. Can J For Res 41:450-459
    • (2011) Can J for Res , vol.41 , pp. 450-459
    • Young, A.1    Cairns, D.M.2    Lafon, C.W.3    Moen, J.4    Martin, L.E.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.