The regenerative peptide thymosin β4 accelerates the rate of dermal healing in preclinical animal models and in patients

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 1270, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 37-44

  Treadwell, Terry ^a   Kleinman, Hynda K ^b   Crockford, David ^c   Hardy, Mark A ^d   Guarnera, Giorgio T ^e   Goldstein, Allan L ^b  

^a Institute for Advanced Wound Care   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^c RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals Inc   (United States)

^d College of Physicians and Surgeons ^*  (United States)

^e Istituto Dermatopadico dell'Immacolata   (Italy)

Author keywords

Clinical trial; Dermal wounds; Pressure ulcers; Stasis ulcers; Thymosin 4

Indexed keywords

THYMOSIN BETA4;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL MIGRATION; DECUBITUS; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG SAFETY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); STEM CELL MOBILIZATION; ULCER; VARICOSIS; VENOUS STASIS; VENOUS STASIS ULCER; WOUND CLOSURE; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 84867352336     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06717.x     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Baranaski, S. 2006. Raising awareness of pressure ulcer prevention and treatment. Adv. Skin Wound Care 19: 398-400.
2. 4: a thymic hormone that induces terminal deoxynucletidyltransferase activity in thymocyte populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 78: 1166-1170.
3. 4. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 18: 413-415.
4. Frohm, M., H. Gunn, A.C. Bergman, et al. 1996. Biochemical and antibacterial analysis of human wound and blister fluid. Eur. J. Biochem. 237: 86-92.
5. Badamchian, M., A.A. Damavandy, H. Damavandy, et al. 2007. Identification and quantification of thymosin beta 4 in human saliva and tears. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1112: 458-465.
6. Urso, E., M. Le Pera, S. Bossio, et al. 2010. Quantification of thysmosinbeta(4) in human cerebrospinal fluid using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal. Biochem. 402: 13-19.
7. Huff, T., A.M. Otto, C.S. Muller, et al. 2002. Thymosin beta4 is released from human blood platelets and attached by factor XIIIa (transglutaminase) to fibrin and collagen. FASEB J. 16: 691-696.
8. 4 and protein in human wound fluid after abdominal surgery. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1112: 418-424.
9. Shah, A.P., S.T. Youngquist, C.D. McClung, et al. 2011. Markers of progenitor cell recruitment and differentiation rise early during ischemia and continue during resuscitation in a porcine acute ischemia model. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 31: 679-684.
10. Goldstein, A.L., E. Hannappel & H.K. Kleinman. 2005. Thymosin beta 4: actin-sequestering protein moonlights to repair injured tissues. Trends Mol. Med. 11: 421-429.
11. Morris, D.C., M. Chopp, L. Zhang, et al. 2010. Thymosin beta 4 improves functional neurological outcome in a rat model of embolic stroke. Neuroscience 169: 674-682.
12. Sosne, G., E.A. Szliter, R. Barrett, et al. 2002. Thymosin beta 4 promotes corneal wound healing and decreases inflammation in vivo following alkali injury. Exp. Eye Res. 74: 293-299.
13. Smart, N., C.A. Riseboro, A.A. Melville, et al. 2007. Thymosin beta 4 induces adult cardiac progenitor mobilization and neovascularization. Nature 445: 177-182.
14. Grant, D.S., J.L. Kinsella, M.C. Kibbey, et al. 1995. A novel role for thymosin beta 4: a Matrigel-induced gene involved in endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis. J. Cell Science 108: 3685-3694.
15. Bock-Marquette, I., A. Saxena, M.D. White, et al. 2004. Thymosin beta 4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac cell migration, survival and cardiac repair. Nature 432: 466-472.
16. Ehrlich, H.P. & S.W. Hazard 3rd. 2007. Thymosin beta4 enhances repair by organizing connective tissue and preventing the appearance of myofibroblasts. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1194: 118-124.
17. Philp, D., M. Badamchian, B. Scheremeta, et al. 2003. Thymosin beta 4 and a synthetic peptide containing its actin-binding domain promote dermal wound repair in db/db diabetic mice and in aged mice. Wound Rep. Reg. 11: 19-24.
18. Zhang, J., Z.G. Zhang, D. Morris, et al. 2009. Neurological functional recovery after thymosin beta 4 treatment in mice with experimental auto encephalomyelitis. Neuroscience 164: 1887-1893.
19. Li, X., L. Zheng, F. Peng, et al. 2007. Recombinant thymosin beta 4 can promotoe full thick cutaneous wound healing. Protein Expr.Purif. 56: 229-236.
20. Sosne, G., A. Siddiqi & M. Kurpakus-Wheater. 2004. Thymosin-beta4 inhibits corneal epithelial cell apoptosis after ethanol exposure in vitro. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45: 1095-100.
21. Hinkel, R., C. El-Aouni, T. Olson, et al. 2008. Thymosin beta4 is an essential paracrine factor of embryonic endothelial progenitor cell-mediated cardioprotection. Circulation 117: 2232-2240.
22. Sosne, G., P. Qiu, M. Kurpakus-Wheater & H. Matthew. 2010. Thymosin beta4 and corneal wound healing: visions of the future. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1194: 190-198.
23. Dunn, S.P., D.G. Heideman, C.Y. Chow, et al. 2010. Treatment of chronic non-healing neurotrophic corneal epithelial defects with thymosin beta 4. Arch. Opthalmol. 128: 636-638.
24. Crockford, D., N. Turjman, C. Allan & J. Angel. 2010. Thymosin beta4: structure, function, and biological properties supporting current and future clinical applications. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1194: 179-189.
25. Sosne, G., L. Xu, L. Prach, et al. 2004. Thymosin beta 4 stimulates laminin-5 synthesis indepdent of TGF-beta. Exp. Cell Res. 293: 175-183.
26. 4 in healthy volunteers. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1194: 223-229.
27. Guarnera, G., A. DeRosa & R. Camerini. 2010. The effect of thymosin treatment of venous ulcers. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1194: 207-212.
28. Occleston, N.L., S.O. O'Kane, H.G. Laverty, et al. 2011. Discovery and development of avoterim (recombinant human transforming growth factor beta 3): a new class of prophylactic therapeutic for the improvement of scarring. Wound Rep. Regen. 19: S38-S48.
29. Freeman, K.W., B.R. Bowman & B.R. Zetter. 2010. Regenerative protein thymosin beta-4 is a novel regulator of purinergic signaling. FASEB J. 25: 907-915.
30. Russo, C.A., C. Steiner & W. Spector. 2008. Hospitalizations related to pressure ulcers, 2006. In HCUP Statistical Brief #64. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Rockville. MD. Available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrg.gov/reports/statbriefs/sh64.pdf.