Nine perspectives on living originalism

University of Illinois Law Review

Volumn 2012, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 815-877

  Balkin, Jack M ^a  

^a YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84867044896     PISSN: 02769948     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (86)

1. Jack M. Balkin, Living Originalism (2011).
2. Gibbons v. Ogden, 22 U.S. (9 Wheat.) 1,189-90 (1824).
3. N.Y. Times Co. v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254,279-80 (1964).
4. Social Security Act of 1937, Pub. L. No. 74-271, 49 Stat. 620
5. Keith E. Whittington, Constitutional Construction: Divided Powers and Constitutional Meaning 12 tbl.1.2, 99,133 (1999).
6. KEITH E. WHITTINGTON, CONSTITUTIONAL Interpretation: Textual meaning, Original Intent, and Judicial Review 5 (1999).
7. Lawrence B. Solum, Semantic Originalism 2
8. Univ. of 111. Coll. of Law, 111. Pub. Law & Legal Theory Research Paper Series No. 07-24, 2008), available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/ papers.cfm?abstract-id=l 120244.
9. U.S. Const, pmbl.
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11. John O. McGinnis & Michael B. Rappaport, The Abstract Meaning Fallacy, 2012 U. ILL. L. Rev. 737,739.
12. U.S. Const, art. I, § 8, cl. 11.
13. McGinnis & Rappaport, at 747-51 (offering examples).
14. John O. McGinnis & Michael B. Rappaport, Original Methods Originalism: A New Theory of Interpretation and the Case Against Construction, 103 Nw. U. L. REV. 751 (2009).
15. H. Jefferson Powell, The Original Understanding of Original Intent, 98 Harv. L. Rev. 885, 897-98 (1985).
16. John O. McGinnis & Michael Rappaport, Original Interpretive Principles As the Core of Originalism, 24 CONST. COMMENT. 371,378-81 (2007).
17. Saul Cornell, The People's Constitution vs. The Lawyers' Constitution: Popular Constitutionalism and the Original Debate over Originalism, 23 YALE J.L. & HUMAN. 295 (2011)
18. Larry Kramer, Two (More) Problems with Originalism, 31 Harv. J.L. & PUB. POL'Y 907, 912-13 (2008)
19. Caleb Nelson, Originalism and Interpretive Conventions, 70 U. CHI. L. REV. 519,555-56,561,571-73 (2003).
20. Larry D. Kramer, The People Themselves: Popular Constitutionalism and Judicial Review 6-7 (2004).
21. Bernadette Meyler, Towards a Common Law Originalism, 59 STAN. L. REV. 551,566-67, 593-95,600 (2006).
22. Donald S. Lutz, Toward a Theory of Constitutional Amendment, in RESPONDING TO Imperfection: The Theory and Practice of Constitutional Amendment 237,261 tbl.ll, 265-67
23. SCOTTJ. SHAPIRO, LEGALITY 331-52 (2011).
24. John O. McGinnis & Michael B. Rappaport, Originalism and the Good Constitution, 98 GEO. L.J. 1693,1695 (2010).
25. John O. McGinnis & Michael Rappaport, The Condorcet Case for Supermajority Rules, 16 SUP. CT. ECON. Rev. 67,94,112 (2008).
26. Akhil Reed Amar, America's Unwritten Constitution (2012).
27. James Madison, Report on the Resolutions (Feb. 7, 1799), in 6 THE WRITINGS OF JAMES Madison 341,386 (Gaillard Hunt ed., 1906).
28. RON CHERNOW, ALEXANDER HAMILTON 575 (2004)
29. Jeffery A. Smith, Prior Restraint: Original Intentions and Modern Interpretations, 28 WM. & MARY L. Rev. 439,459-60 (1987).
30. James Morton Smith, Freedom's Fetters: The Alien and Sedition Laws and American Civil Liberties 256-270 (1966).
31. John Marshall, Report of the Minority on the Virginia Resolutions (1798)
32. Kurt T. Lash & Alicia Harrison, Minority Report: John Marshall and the Defense of the Alien and Sedition Acts, 68 Ohio St. L.J. 435 (2007)
33. John O. McGinnis & Michael B. Rappaport, Reconciling Originalism and Precedent, 103 Nw.U.L. REV. 803 (2009).
34. 376 U.S. 254, 274-77 (1964)
35. 347 U.S. 483 (1953)
36. Lucas A. Powe, Jr., The Warren Court and American POLITICS 58-60 (2000)
37. James J. Kilpatrick and the Virginia Campaign Against Brown, in The Moderates' Dilemma: Massive Resistance to School Desegregation in Virginia 51, 51-71
38. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act, 1982, c. 11 (U.K.); S. Afr. Const., 1996.
39. Michel Rosenfeld, Constitutional Adjudication in Europe and the United States: Paradoxes and Contrasts, 2 Int'l J. Const. L. 633, 656, 656 n.83 (2004)
40. David Fontana, Response, Comparative Originalism, 88 TEX. L. REV. 189, 189-90 (2010).
41. Peter W. Hogg, Canada: From Privy Council to Supreme Court, in INTERPRETING Constitutions: A Comparative Study 55,83 (Jeffrey Goldsworthy ed., 2006).
42. Jud Mathews & Alec Stone Sweet, All Things in Proportion? American Rights Review and the Problem of Balancing, 60 Emory L.J. 797,799 (2011)
43. Ozan O. Varol, The Origins and Limits of Originalism: A Comparative Study, 44 VAND. J. Transnat'l L. 1239,1246 (2011).
44. Sanford Levinson, Framed: America's Fifty-One Constitutions and the Crisis OF Governance 331-35 (2012)
45. Jeffrey Omar Usman, Good Enough for Government Work: The Interpretation of Positive Constitutional Rights in State Constitutions, 73 ALB. L. REV. 1459, 1485 (2010)
46. Goodridge v. Dep't of Pub. Health, 798 N.E.2d 941 (Mass. 2003)
47. Baker v. State, 744 A.2d 864 (Vt. 1999) (same).
48. Mariah Zeisberg, The Politics of Constitutional Fidelity, 2012 U. ILL. L. REV. 801,804-07.
49. United States v. Carolene Prods. Co., 304 U.S. 144,152 n.4 (1938).
50. John Hart Ely, Democracy and Distrust: A Theory of Judicial Review (1980).
51. Jack M. Balkin, The Constitution in the National Surveillance State, 93 MINN. L. REV. 1, 15, 24-25 (2008)
52. Jack M. Balkin & Sanford Levinson, The Processes of Constitutional Change: From Partisan Entrenchment to the National Surveillance State, 75 FORDHAM L. REV. 489,489-90 (2006).
53. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 Amendments Act of 2008, Pub. L. No. 110-261, 122 Stat. 2436.
54. Cf. Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357, 375, 377 (1927)
55. Jeffrey Goldsworthy, Constitutional Cultures, Democracy, Implications, and Underlying Principles, 2012 U. III. L. Rev. 683.
56. James E. Fleming, The Balkinization of Originatism, 2012 U. ILL. L. REV. 699,676-77.
57. Abraham Lincoln, Fragment on the Constitution and the Union, in 4 THE COLLECTED WORKS OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN 168,169
58. Lawrence Alexander, The Method of Text and ?: Jack Balkin's Originalism with No Regrets, 2012 u. ill. l. rev. 6ii, 614-15.
59. Gerard N. Magliocca, The Constitution Can Do No Wrong, 2012 U. ILL. L. REV. 723.
60. Jack M. Balkin, Constitutional Redemption: Political Faith in an Unjust World 6-7,16,60,119-23,143,249 (2011).
61. Walter M. Merrill, Against Wind and Tide: a Biography of wm. Lloyd Garrison 205 (1963)
62. Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, in 8 The COLLECTED Works of Abraham Lincoln, supra note 95, at 332,333.
63. Adam M. Samaha, Talk About Talking About Constitutional Law, 2012 U. ILL. L. REV. 783, 785.
64. Robert C. Post & Reva B. Siegel, Democratic Constitutionalism, in The Constitution in 2020, at 25,26-29 (Jack M. Balkin & Reva B. Siegel eds., 2009)
65. Robert Post & Reva Siegel, Roe Rage: Democratic Constitutionalism and Backlash, 42 HARV. C.R.-C.L. L. REV. 373, 378-79 (2007)
66. Reva B. Siegel, Text in Contest: Gender and the Constitution from a Social Movement Perspective, 150 U. PA. L. REV. 297,300-01,314-15 (2001).
67. Reva B. Siegel, Constitutional Culture, Social Movement Conflict and Constitutional Change: The Case of the De Facto ERA, 94 CALIF. L. Rev. 1323,1409 (2006)
68. Reva B. Siegel, Equality Talk: Antisubordination and Anticlassification Values in Constitutional Struggles over Brown, 117 HARV. L. REV. 1470,1475,1545-46 (2004)
69. Reva B. Siegel, The Right's Reasons: Constitutional Conflict and the Spread of Woman-Protective Antiabortion Argument, 57 DUKE L.J. 1641,1649,1656-57,1664-68 (2008)
70. Randy E. Barnett, Restoring the Lost Constitution: The Presumption of Liberty (2004).
71. Kurt T. Lash, "Resolution VI": National Authority to Resolve Collective Action Problems Under Article I, Section 8
72. Univ. of 111. Coll. of Law, 111. Pub. Law & Legal Theory Research Paper Series No. 10-40, 2012), available at http://papers.ssm.com/sol3/papers. cfrn7abstract-idsl894737.
73. Jack Balkin, Resolution VI Asa Principle of Construction, Balkinization (Aug. 12, 2011, 5:55 AM), http://balkin.blogspot.com/2011/08/resolution-vi-as- principle-of.html.
74. Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language (9th ed. 1790) [hereinafter Johnson, 9th ed.] (defining "commerce" and "intercourse")
75. Samuel Johnson, a Dictionary of the English Language (4th ed. 1773) [hereinafter Johnson, 4th ed.] (defining "commerce" and "intercourse").
76. Randy E. Barnett, Jack Balkin's Interaction Theory of "Commerce," 2012 U. ILL. L. REV. 623,636-37.
77. THE RECORDS OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787, at 449-53, 631 (Max Far-rand ed., rev. ed. 1911)
78. James Wilson, Speech in the State House Yard (Oct. 6,1787)
79. RATIFICATION OF the Constitution 167, 168 (Merrill Jensen ed., 1976)
80. BORIS I. BlTTKER, BlTTKER ON THE REGULATION OF INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN Commerce §§ 3.02,3.03 (1999)
81. Pensacola Tel. Co. v. W. Union Tel. Co., 96 U.S. 1 (1877).
82. Act of Aug. 13,1912, ch. 287, § 1,37 Stat. 302,302
83. United Stales v. Zenith Radio Corp., 12 F.2d 614 (N.D. 111. 1926)
84. Congress passed the Radio Act of 1927, ch. 169,44 Stat. 1162
85. Records of the Radio Service and the Radio Division 1910-34, U.S. Nat'l Archives Records Admin., http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/ groups/173.html#173.2
86. Sanford Levinson, Jack Balkin As the Picasso of Constitutional Theorists, 2012 U. III. L. Rev. 711,711-13.