Backward flight in hummingbirds employs unique kinematic adjustments and entails low metabolic cost

Journal of Experimental Biology

Volumn 215, Issue 20, 2012, Pages 3603-3611

  Sapir, Nir ^a   Dudley, Robert ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

Author keywords

Avian locomotor mode; Calypte anna; Flight agility; Mask respirometry; Mass specific metabolic rate; Nectarivory

Indexed keywords

OXYGEN;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; BIRD; ENERGY METABOLISM; FLYING; FORELIMB; HISTOLOGY; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY;

ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICS; BIRDS; ENERGY METABOLISM; FLIGHT, ANIMAL; OXYGEN; WING;

ANNA; AVES; CALYPTE ANNA; HEXAPODA; TROCHILIDAE;

EID: 84866869183     PISSN: 00220949     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.073114     Document Type: Article

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