Beyond the myth of venting: Social sharing modes determine the benefits of emotional disclosure

European Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 42, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 672-681

  Nils, Frédéric ^a   Rimé, Bernard ^b  

^a FACULTÉS UNIVERSITAIRES SAINT LOUIS   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84866538342     PISSN: 00462772     EISSN: 10990992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.1880     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss (Vol. 1): Attachment. London: Hogarth.
2. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2002). Control processes and self-organization as complementary principles underlying behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6, 304-315.
3. Christophe, V., & Rimé, B. (1997). Exposure to the social sharing of emotion: Emotional impact, listener responses and secondary social sharing. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 37-54.
4. Collins, N. L., & Miller, L. C. (1994). Self-disclosure and liking: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 457-475.
5. Costanza, R. S., Derlega, V. J., & Winstead, B. A. (1988). Positive and negative forms of social support: Effects of conversational topics on coping with stress among same-sex friends. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 182-193.
6. Dalbert, C., Montada, L., & Schmitt, M. (1987). Glaube an die gerechte Welt als Motiv: Validierung zweier Skalen [Belief in a just world as motive: Validation of two scales]. Psychologische Beiträge, 29, 596-615.
7. Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000). A cognitive model of persistent posttraumatic stress disorder. Behavior Research and Therapy, 38, 319-345.
8. Finkenauer, C., & Rimé, B. (1998). Socially shared experiences vs. emotional experiences kept secret: Differential characteristics and consequences. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 295-318.
9. Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986). Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 20-35.
10. Frijda, N. H. (2006). The laws of emotions. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
11. Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2, 271-299.
12. Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 3-24). New York: Guilford Press.
13. Harlow, H. F. (1959). Love in infant monkeys. Scientific American, 200, 68-74.
14. Horowitz, L. M., Krasnoperova, E. N., Tatar, D. G., Hansen, M. B., Person, E. A. Galvin, K. L., & Nelson, K. L. (2001). The way to console may depend on the goal: Experimental studies of social support. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 49-61.
15. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1989). Assumptive worlds and the stress of traumatic events: Applications of the schema construct. Social Cognition, 7, 113-136.
16. Janoff-Bulman, R. (1992). Shattered assumptions: Towards a new psychology of trauma. New York, NY: Free Press.
17. Kanyangara, P., Rimé, B., Philippot, P., & Yzerbyt, V. (2007). Collective rituals, intergroup perception and emotional climate: Participation in 'Gacaca' tribunals and assimilation of the Rwandan genocide. Journal of Social Issues, 63, 387-403.
18. Kennedy-Moore, E., & Watson, J. C. (1999). Expressing emotion: Myths, realities, and therapeutic strategies. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
19. Klinger, E. (1975). Consequences of commitment to and disengagement from incentives. Psychological Review, 82, 1-25.
20. Lang, P. J. (1979). A bio-informational theory of emotional imagery. Psychophysiology, 16, 495-512.
21. Laurenceau, J.-P., Feldman-Barret, L., & Pietromonaco, P. R. (1998). Intimacy as an interpersonal process: The importance of self-disclosure, partner disclosure, and perceived partner responsiveness in interpersonal exchanges. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1238-1251.
22. Lazarus, R. S., Averill, J. R., & Opton, E. M., Jr. (1970). Toward a cognitive theory of emotions. In M. Arnold (Ed.), Feelings and emotions (pp. 207-232). New York: Academic Press.
23. Lepore, S. J., Fernandez-Berrocal, P., Ragan, J., & Ramos, N. (2004). It's not that bad: Social challenges to emotional disclosure enhance adjustment to stress. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 17, 341-361.
24. Lepore, S. J., Ragan, J. D., & Jones, S. (2000). Talking facilitates cognitive-emotional processes of adaptation to an acute stressor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 499-508.
25. Leventhal, H. (1984). A perceptual-motor theory of emotion. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, (Vol. 17, pp. 117-182). New York, NY: Academic Press.
26. Luminet, O., Bouts, P., Delié, F., Manstead, A. S. R., & Rimé, B. (2000). Social sharing of emotion following exposure to a negatively valenced situation. Cognition and Emotion, 14, 661-688.
27. Martin, L. L., & Tesser A. (1989). Toward a motivational and structural theory of ruminative thought. In J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 306-326). New York, NY: Guilford.
28. Mendolia, M., & Kleck, R. E. (1993). Effects of talking about a stressful event on arousal: Does what we talk about make a difference? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 283-292.
29. Niven, K., Totterdell, P., & Holman, D. (2009). A classification of controlled interpersonal affect regulation strategies. Emotion, 9, 498-509.
30. Oatley, K. Keltner, D., & Jenkins, J. M. (2006). Understanding emotions. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
31. Pasupathi, M. (2003). Emotion regulation during social remembering: Differences between emotions elicited during an event and emotions elicited when talking about it. Memory, 11, 151-163.
32. Rimé, B. (2007). Interpersonal emotion regulation. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (pp. 466-485). New York, NY: Guilford.
33. Rimé, B. (2009). Emotion elicits the social sharing of emotion: Theory and empirical review. Emotion Review, 1, 60-85.
34. Rimé, B., Finkenauer, C., Luminet, O., Zech, E., & Philippot, P. (1998). Social sharing of emotion: New evidence and new questions. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 9, pp. 225-258). Chichester: Wiley.
35. Rimé, B., Kanyangara, P., Yzerbyt, V., & Paez, D. (2011). The impact of Gacaca tribunals in Rwanda: Psychosocial effects of participation in a truth and reconciliation process after a genocide. European Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 695-706.
36. Rimé B., Mesquita, B., Philippot, P., & Boca, S. (1991). Beyond the emotional event: Six studies on the social sharing of emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 5, 435-465.
37. Rimé, B., Paez, D., Basabe, N., & Martinez, F. (2010). Social sharing of emotion, posttraumatic growth and emotional climate: Follow-up of Spanish citizens' response to the collective trauma of March 11th terrorist attacks in Madrid. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 1029-1045.
38. Rimé, B. Philippot, P. Boca, S., & Mesquita, B. (1992). Long-lasting cognitive and social consequences of emotion: Social sharing and rumination. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European review of social psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 225-258). Chichester: Wiley.
39. Russel, D. W., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 472-480.
40. Scherer, K. R. (2004). Feelings integrate the central representation of appraisal-driven response organization in emotion. In A. S. R. Manstead, N. H. Frijda, & A. H. Fischer (Eds.), Feelings and emotions: The Amsterdam symposium (pp. 136-157). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
41. Singh-Manoux, A., & Finkenauer, C. (2001). Cultural variations in social sharing of emotions: An intercultural perspective on a universal phenomenon. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 647-661.
42. Stroebe, M., Stroebe, W., Schut, H., Zech, E., & van den Bout, J. (2002). Does disclosure of emotions facilitate recovery from bereavement? Evidence from two prospective studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 169-178.
43. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
44. Yogo, M., & Onoe, K. (1998). The social sharing of emotion among Japanese students. Poster session presented at ISRE '98, The Biannual Conference of the International Society for Research on Emotion, Wuerzburg, Germany, August 4-8, 1998.
45. Zech, E. (2000). The effects of the communication of emotional experiences [unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
46. Zech, E., & Rimé, B. (2005) Is talking about an emotional experience helpful? Effects on emotional recovery and perceived benefits. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 12, 270-287.