Nanoscale metamaterial optical waveguides with ultrahigh refractive indices

Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics

Volumn 29, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 2559-2566

  He, Yingran ^a,b   He, Sailing ^b   Gao, Jie ^a   Yang, Xiaodong ^a  

^a Missouri University of Science and Technology   (United States)

^b ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CUTOFF FREQUENCY; METAMATERIALS; MULTILAYERS; OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES; WAVEGUIDES;

EFFECTIVE MEDIUM; EFFECTIVE REFRACTIVE INDEX; FREE-SPACE WAVELENGTHS; HIGH ORDER MODE; LIGHT-MATTER INTERACTIONS; METAL-DIELECTRIC MULTILAYERS; MODE AREA; MODE ORDER; NANO SCALE; PROPAGATION LENGTHS; TELECOMMUNICATION WAVELENGTHS; WAVE VECTOR; WAVEGUIDE CROSS SECTION; WAVEGUIDE MODE;

REFRACTIVE INDEX;

EID: 84866418970     PISSN: 07403224     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/JOSAB.29.002559     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. V. G. Veselago, "The electrodynamics of substances with simultaneously negative values of permittivity and permeability, " Sov. Phys. Usp. 10, 509-514 (1968).
2. J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena, " IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech 47, 2075-2084 (1999).
3. R. A. Shelby, D. R. Smith, and S. Schultz, "Experimental verification of a negative index of refraction, " Science 292, 77-79 (2001). (Pubitemid 32289127)
4. Z. Jacob, L. V. Alekseyev, and E. Narimanov, "Optical hyperlens: far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit, " Opt. Express 14, 8247-8256 (2006). (Pubitemid 44331041)
5. A. Salandrino and N. Engheta, "Far-field subdiffraction optical microscopy using metamaterial crystals: theory and simulations, " Phys. Rev. B 74, 075103-075105 (2006).
6. Z. Liu, H. Lee, Y. Xiong, C. Sun, and X. Zhang, "Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying sub-diffraction-limited objects, " Science 315, 1686 (2007). (Pubitemid 46515617)
7. J. B. Pendry, D. Schurig, and D. R. Smith, "Controlling electromagnetic fields, " Science 312, 1780-1782 (2006). (Pubitemid 43962892)
8. D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith, "Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies, " Science 314, 977-980 (2006). (Pubitemid 44749939)
9. W. Cai, U. K. Chettiar, A. V. Kildishev, and V. M. Shalaev, "Optical cloaking with metamaterials, " Nat Photon 1, 224-227 (2007).
10. J. T. Shen, P. B. Catrysse, and S. Fan, "Mechanism for designing metallic metamaterials with a high index of refraction, " Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 197401 (2005).
11. J. Shin, J.-T. Shen, and S. Fan, "Three-dimensional metamaterials with an ultrahigh effective refractive index over a broad bandwidth, " Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 093903 (2009).
12. M. Choi, S. H. Lee, Y. Kim, S. B. Kang, J. Shin, M. H. Kwak, K.-Y. Kang, Y.-H. Lee, N. Park, and B. Min, "A terahertz metamaterial with unnaturally high refractive index, " Nature 470, 369-373 (2011).
13. D. R. Smith and D. Schurig, "Electromagnetic wave propagation in media with indefinite permittivity and permeability tensors, " Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 077405 (2003).
14. Y. Liu, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, "All-angle negative refraction and imaging in a bulk medium made of metallic nanowires in the visible region, " Opt. Express 16, 15439-15448 (2008).
15. J. Yao, Z. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. Wang, C. Sun, G. Bartal, A. M. Stacy, and X. Zhang, "Optical negative refraction in bulk metamaterials of nanowires, " Science 321, 930 (2008).
16. Z. Jacob, J. Y. Kim, G. Naik, A. Boltasseva, E. Narimanov, and V. Shalaev, "Engineering photonic density of states using metamaterials, " Appl. Phys. B 100, 215-218 (2010).
17. M. A. Noginov, H. Li, Y. A. Barnakov, D. Dryden, G. Nataraj, G. Zhu, C. E. Bonner, M. Mayy, Z. Jacob, and E. E. Narimanov, "Controlling spontaneous emission with metamaterials, " Opt. Lett. 35, 1863-1865 (2010).
18. T. Jiang, J. Zhao, and Y. Feng, "Stopping light by an air waveguide with anisotropic metamaterial cladding, " Opt. Express 17, 170-177 (2009).
19. Y. J. Huang, W. T. Lu, and S. Sridhar, "Nanowire waveguide made from extremely anisotropic metamaterials, " Phys. Rev. A 77, 063836 (2008).
20. W. T. Lu and S. Sridhar, "Slow light, open-cavity formation, and large longitudinal electric field on a slab waveguide made of indefinite permittivity metamaterials, " Phys. Rev. A 82, 013811 (2010).
21. Y. Cui, K. H. Fung, J. Xu, H. Ma, Y. Jin, S. He, and N. X. Fang, "Ultrabroadband light absorption by a sawtooth anisotropic metamaterial slab, " Nano Lett. 12, 1443-1447 (2012).
22. J. Yao, X. Yang, X. Yin, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, "Threedimensional nanometer-scale optical cavities of indefinite medium, " Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108, 11327-11331 (2011).
23. X. Yang, J. Yao, J. Rho, X. Yin, and X. Zhang, "Experimental realization of three-dimensional indefinite cavities at the nanoscale with anomalous scaling laws, " Nat. Photon. 6, 450-454 (2012).
24. A. A. Govyadinov and V. A. Podolskiy, "Metamaterial photonic funnels for subdiffraction light compression and propagation, " Phys. Rev. B 73, 155108 (2006).
25. M. Yan, L. Thylén, and M. Qiu, "Layered metal-dielectric waveguide: subwavelength guidance, leveraged modulation sensitivity in mode index, and reversed mode ordering, " Opt. Express 19, 3818-3824 (2011).
26. J. Sun, J. Zhou, B. Li, and F. Kang, "Indefinite permittivity and negative refraction in natural material: graphite, " Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 101901 (2011).
27. G.-D. Xu, T. Pan, T.-C. Zang, and J. Sun, "Characteristics of guided waves in indefinite-medium waveguides, " Opt. Commun. 281, 2819-2825 (2008).
28. F.-Y. Meng, Q. Wu, and L.-W. Li, "Transmission characteristics of wave modes in a rectangular waveguide filled with anisotropic metamaterial, " Appl. Phys. A 94, 747-753 (2009).
29. Z. Shi, G. Piredda, A. C. Liapis, M. A. Nelson, L. Novotny, and R. W. Boyd, "Surface-plasmon polaritons on metal-dielectric nanocomposite films, " Opt. Lett. 34, 3535-3537 (2009).
30. C. H. Gan and P. Lalanne, "Well-confined surface plasmon polaritons for sensing applications in the near-infrared, " Opt. Lett. 35, 610-612 (2010).
31. R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Dai, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, "Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale, " Nature 461, 629-632 (2009).
32. T. M. Babinec, J. M. HausmannBirgit, M. Khan, Y. Zhang, J. R. Maze, P. R. Hemmer, and M. Loncar, "A diamond nanowire single-photon source, " Nature Nanotechnol. 5, 195-199 (2010).
33. Q. Lin, O. J. Painter, and G. P. Agrawal, "Nonlinear optical phenomena in silicon waveguides: modeling and applications, " Opt. Express 15, 16604-16644 (2007). (Pubitemid 350262702)
34. X. Yang, Y. Liu, R. F. Oulton, X. Yin, and X. Zhang, "Optical forces in hybrid plasmonic waveguides, " Nano Lett. 11, 321-328 (2011).
35. S. Han, Y. Xiong, D. Genov, Z. Liu, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, "Ray optics at a deep-subwavelength scale: a transformation optics approach, " Nano Lett. 8, 4243-4247 (2008).
36. C. A. Foss, G. L. Hornyak, J. A. Stockert, and C. R. Martin, "Template- synthesized nanoscopic gold Particles: optical spectra and the effects of particle size and shape, " J. Phys. Chem. 98, 2963-2971 (1994).
37. A. Sihvola, Electromagnetic Mixing Formulas and Applications (Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1999).
38. P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, "Optical constants of the noble metals, " Phys. Rev. B 6, 4370-4379 (1972).
39. W. Chen, M. D. Thoreson, S. Ishii, A. V. Kildishev, and V. M. Shalaev, "Ultra-thin ultra-smooth and low-loss silver films on a germanium wetting layer, " Opt. Express 18, 5124-5134 (2010).
40. A. Chandran, E. S. Barnard, J. S. White, and M. L. Brongersma, "Metal-dielectric-metal surface plasmon-polariton resonators, " Phys. Rev. B 85, 085416 (2012).
41. J. Elser, A. A. Govyadinov, I. Avrutsky, I. Salakhutdinov, and V. A. Podolskiy, "Plasmonic nanolayer composites: coupled plasmon polaritons, effective-medium response, and subdiffraction light manipulation, " J. Nanomater. 2007, 79469 (2007).
42. J. Elser, V. A. Podolskiy, I. Salakhutdinov, and I. Avrutsky, "Nonlocal effects in effective-medium response of nanolayered metamaterials, " Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 191109 (2007).
43. S. Xiao, V. P. Drachev, A. V. Kildishev, X. Ni, U. K. Chettiar, H.-K. Yuan, and V. M. Shalaev, "Loss-free and active optical negativeindex metamaterials, " Nature 466, 735-738 (2010).
44. X. Ni, S. Ishii, M. D. Thoreson, V. M. Shalaev, S. Han, S. Lee, and A. V. Kildishev, "Gain-assisted hyperbolic metamaterials, " in Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (QELS), OSA Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, 2012), paper QTu1G.
45. M. A. Noginov, G. Zhu, A. M. Belgrave, R. Bakker, V. M. Shalaev, E. E. Narimanov, S. Stout, E. Herz, T. Suteewong, and U. Wiesner, "Demonstration of a spaser-based nanolaser, " Nature 460, 1110-1112 (2009).