Host tree utilization by epiphytic orchids in different land-use intensities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

Plant Ecology

Volumn 213, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 1393-1412

  Adhikari, Yagya Prasad ^a   Fischer, Hagen Siegfried ^a   Fischer, Anton ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Abundance; Epiphyte; Gradient; Host tree preference; Kathmandu; Land use change; Micro site

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; DECIDUOUS TREE; EPIPHYTE; EVERGREEN TREE; GIS; HABITAT CONSERVATION; HERB; HOST PLANT; HUMAN ACTIVITY; LAND USE CHANGE; PH; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION STRUCTURE; REMOTE SENSING; URBAN AREA;

KATHMANDU VALLEY; NEPAL;

DENDROBIUM; DENDROBIUM NOBILE; FICUS RELIGIOSA; ORCHIDACEAE; RHYNCHOSTYLIS RETUSA; SCHIMA WALLICHII;

EID: 84865544357     PISSN: 13850237     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11258-012-0099-0     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Acharya KP, Vetaas OR, Birks HJB (2011) Orchid species richness along Himalayan elevational gradients. J Biogeogr 38: 1821-1833.
2. Adhikari YP, Fischer A (2011) Distribution pattern of the epiphytic orchid Rhynchostylis retusa under strong human influence in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Botanica Orientalis-J Plant Sci 8: 90-99.
3. Adhikari YP, Fischer A, Fischer HS (2012) Micro-site conditions of epiphytic orchids in a human impact gradient in Kathmandu valley. Nepal J Mt Sci 9: 331-342.
4. Austin PC, Hux JE (2002) A brief note on overlapping confidence intervals. J Vasc Surg 36: 194-195.
5. Belinchon R, Martinez I, Aragon G, Escudero A, De La Cruz M (2011) Fine spatial pattern of an epiphytic lichen species is affected by habitat conditions in two forest types in the Iberian Mediterranean region. Fungal Biol 115: 1270-1278.
6. Benzing DH (1990) Vascular epiphytes general biology and related biota. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
7. Bergstrom BJ, Carter R (2008) Host-tree selection by an epiphytic orchid, Epidendrum magnoliae Muhl. (green fly orchid), in an inland hardwood hammock in Georgia. Southeast Nat 7: 571-580.
8. Callaway RM, Reinhart KO, Moore GW, Moore DJ, Pennings SC (2002) Epiphyte host preferences and host traits: mechanisms for species-specific interactions. Oecologia 132: 221-230.
9. Chaudhary RP (1998) Biodiversity in Nepal: status and conservation. S. Devi, Saharanpur, India & Tecpress Books, Bangkok, Thailand.
10. Christenson E (2003) A handbook to the orchids of the Machu Picchu National Sanctuary. The Peruvian Trust Fund for National Parks and Protected Areas (PROFONAPE). Lima, Peru, p 140.
11. Farmer AM, Bates JW, Bell JNB (1990) Short communications: a comparison of methods for the measurement of bark pH. Lichenologist 22: 191-197.
12. Frei JK, Dodson CH (1972) The chemical effect of certain bark substrates on the germination and early growth of epiphytic orchids. Bull Torrey Bot Club 99: 301-307.
13. Gentry AH, Dodson CH (1987) Diversity and biogeography of neotropical vascular epiphytes. Miss Bot Gar Press 74: 205-233.
14. Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD (2001) PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron 4(1): 9.
15. Hirata A, Kamijo T, Saito S (2009) Host trait preferences and distribution of vascular epiphytes in a warm-temperate forest. Plant Ecol 201: 247-254.
16. Köster N, Nieder J, Barthlott W (2011) Effect of host tree traits on epiphyte diversity in natural and anthropogenic habitats in Ecuador. Biotropica 43: 685-694.
17. Krömer T, Kessler M, Robbert Gradstein S, Acebey A (2005) Diversity patterns of vascular epiphytes along an elevational gradient in the Andes. J Biogeogr 32: 1799-1809.
18. Larrea ML, Werner FA (2010) Response of vascular epiphyte diversity to different land-use intensities in a neotropical montane wet forest. For Ecol Manage 260: 1950-1955.
19. Laube S, Zotz G (2006) Neither host-specific nor random: vascular epiphytes on three tree species in a Panamanian lowland forest. Ann Bot 97: 1103-1114.
20. Madison M (1977) Vascular epiphytes: their systematic occurrence and salient features. Selbyana 2: 1-13.
21. Manandhar NP (2002) Plants and people of Nepal. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, USA.
22. Massara AC, Bates JW, Bell JNB (2009) Exploring causes of the decline of the lichen Lecanora conizaeoides in Britain: effects of experimental N and S applications. Lichenologist 41: 673-681.
23. Migenis LE, Ackerman JD (1993) Orchid-phorophyte relationships in a forest watershed in Puerto Rico. J Tropl Ecol 9: 231-240.
24. Mitchell AW, Secoy K, Jackson T (2002) The global canopy handbook. Techniques of access and study in the forest roof. Global Canopy Programme, Oxford.
25. Mullerova J, Vitkova M, Vitek O (2011) The impacts of road and walking trails upon adjacent vegetation: effects of road building materials on species composition in a nutrient poor environment. Sci Total Environ 409: 3839-3849.
26. Nadkarni NM (1984) Epiphyte biomass and nutrient capital of a neotropical elfin forest. Biotropica 16: 249-256.
27. Nadkarni N, Solano R (2002) Potential effects of climate change on canopy communities in a tropical cloud forest: an experimental approach. Oecologia 131: 580-586.
28. Nadkarni N, Wheelwright NT (2000) Monteverde: ecology and conservation of a tropical cloud forest. Oxford University Press, New York.
29. Nieder JP, Michaloud G (2001) Epiphytes and their contribution to canopy diversity. Plant Ecol 153: 51-63.
30. Pant PR, Dangol D (2009) Kathmandu Valley profile, briefing paper: governance and infrastructure development challenges in the Kathmandu Valley. Workshop: 11-13 February 2009 Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal, pp 15.
31. Press JR, Shrestha KK, Sutton DA (2000) Annotated checklist of the flowering plants of Nepal. British Museum (Natural History), London, UK.
32. Rajbhandari KR, Bhattarai S, Joshi R (2000) Orchid diversity of Nepal and their conservation need. In: Proceedings of 8th International Workshop of BIO-REFOR: Biotechnology Applications for Reforestation and Biodiversity Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal, 28 November-2 December, 1999 (Bista et al., eds.), pp 249-252. BIO-REFOR, IUFRO/SPDC, Tokyo.
33. Shrestha R (2000) Some medicinal orchids of Nepal. In: Watanabe R et al (eds) The Himalayan plants: can they save us? Proceedings of Nepal-Japan Joint Symposium on Conservation and Utilization of Himalayan Medicinal Resources. Society for the Conservation and Development of Himalayan Medicinal Resources SCDHMR, Japan, pp 153-156.
34. Shrestha TK (2003) Wildlife of Nepal: a study of renewable resources of Nepal Himalayas. Reprint, Kathmandu, Nepal.
35. Song L, Liu WY, Ma WZ, Tan ZH (2011) Bole epiphytic bryophytes on Lithocarpus xylocarpus (Kurz) Markgr. in the Ailao Mountains. SW China Ecol Res 26: 351-363.
36. R Development Core Team (2010) R: a language and environment for statistical computing. URL: http://www. R-project. org/. Vienna.
37. Tupac OJ, Aragon S, Ackerman JD (2007) Site variation in spatial aggregation and phorophyte preference in Psychilis monensis (Orchidaceae). Biotropica 39: 227-231.
38. Turner TH, Tan HTW, Wee YC, Ibrahim AB, Chew PT, Corlett RT (1994) A study of plant species extinction in Singapore: lessons for the conservation of tropical biodiversity. Conserv Biol 8: 705-712.
39. Vance ED, Nadkarni NM (1990) Microbial biomass and activity in canopy organic matter and the forest floor of a tropical cloud forest. Soil Biol Biochem 22: 677-684.
40. Villalobos AL, Palacios AF, Pulido RO (2008) The relationship between bark peeling rate and the distribution and mortality of two epiphyte species. Plant Ecol 198: 265-274.
41. WCSP (2011) World checklist of selected plant families. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL: http://apps. kew. org/wcsp/. Accessed 5 Jan 2011.
42. Wolf JHD, Konings CJF (2001) Toward the sustainable harvesting of epiphytic bromeliads: a pilot study from the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Biol Conserv 101: 23-31.
43. Wolf JHD, Gradstein SR, Nadkarni NM (2009) A protocol for sampling vascular epiphyte richness and abundance. J Trop Ecol 25: 107-121.
44. Zimmerman JK, Olmsted IC (1992) Host tree utilization by vascular epiphytes in a seasonally inundated forest (Tintal) in Mexico. Biotropica 24: 402-407.
45. Zotz G (2007) Johansson revisited: the spatial structure of epiphyte assemblages. J Veg Sci 18: 123-130.
46. Zotz G, Vollrath B (2003) The epiphyte vegetation of the palm Socratea exorrhiza-correlations with tree size, tree age and bryophyte cover. J Trop Ecol 19: 81-90.
47. Zurick D, Pacheco J, Shrestha B, Bajracharya B (2005) Atlas of the Himalaya. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) pp 17-90.
48. Zytynska SE, Fay MF, Penney D, Preziosi RF (2011) Genetic variation in a tropical tree species influences the associated epiphytic plant and invertebrate communities in a complex forest ecosystem. Phil Trans R Soc B 366: 1329-1336.