Johansson revisited: The spatial structure of epiphyte assemblages

Journal of Vegetation Science

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 123-130

  Zotz, Gerhard ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OLDENBURG   (Germany)

^b SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Panama)

Author keywords

Bromeliaceae; Cactaceae; Johansson scheme; Niche; Orchidaceae; San Lorenzo crane site; Substrate preference; Vertical structure

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; EPIPHYTE; PLANT COMMUNITY; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION;

CENTRAL AMERICA; COLON [PANAMA]; PANAMA [CENTRAL AMERICA]; SAN LORENZO FOREST;

BROMELIACEAE; CACTACEAE; ORCHIDACEAE;

EID: 34047216550     PISSN: 11009233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1658/1100-9233(2007)18[123:JRTSSO]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Benzing, D.H. 1990. Vascular epiphytes. General biology and related biota. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
2. Bøgh, A. 1992. Composition and distribution of the vascular epiphyte flora of an Ecuadorian montane rain forest. Selbyana 13: 25-34.
3. Croat, T.B. 1978. Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, US.
4. D'Arcy, W.G. 1987. Flora of Panama: Checklist and Index. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, US.
5. Dressier, R.L. 1993. Field guide to the orchids of Costa Rica and Panama. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, US.
6. Ek, R.C. 1997. Botanical diversity in the tropical rain forest of Guyana. Stichting Tropenbos, Wageningen.
7. Engwald, S. 1999. Diversität und Ökologie der vaskulären Epiphyten in einem Berg- und einem Tieflandregenwald in Venezuela. Books on Demand, Bonn, DE.
8. Flores-Palacios, A. & García-Franco, J.G. 2006. The relationship between tree size and epiphyte species richness: testing four different hypotheses. J. Biogeogr. 33: 323-330.
9. Gradstein, S.R., Nadkarni, N.M., Krömer, T., Holz, I. & Nöske, N. 2003. A protocol for rapid and representative sampling of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte diversity of tropical rain forests. Selbyana 24: 105-111.
10. Hietz, P. & Hietz-Seifert, U. 1995. Structure and ecology of epiphyte communities of a cloud forest in central Veracruz, Mexico. J. Veg. Sci. 6: 719-728.
11. Hietz-Seifert, U., Hietz, P. & Guevara, S. 1995. Epiphyte vegetation and diversity on remnant trees after forest clearance in Southern Veracruz, Mexico. Biol. Conserv. 75: 103-111.
12. Ibisch, P.L. 1996. Neotropische Epiphytendiversität - das Beispiel Bolivien. Martina Galunder-Verlag, Wiehl, DE.
13. Ingram, S.W. & Nadkarni, N.M. 1993. Composition and distribution of epiphytic organic matter in a Neotropical cloud forest, Costa Rica. Biotropica 25: 370-383.
14. Johansson, D. 1974. Ecology of vascular epiphytes in West African rain forest. Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 59: 1-136.
15. Kelly, D.L., Tanner, E.V.J., Nic Lughadha, E.M. & Kapos, V. 1994. Floristics and biogeography of a rain forest in the Venezuelan Andes. J. Biogeogr. 21: 421-440.
16. Kelly, D.L., O'Donovan, G., Feehan, J., Murphy, S., Drangeid, S.O. & Marcano-Berti, L. 2004. The epiphyte communities of a montane rain forest in the Andes of Venezuela: patterns in the distribution of the flora. J. Trop. Ecol. 20: 643-666.
17. Kernan, C. & Fowler, N. 1995. Differential substrate use by epiphytes in Corcovado National Park, Costa Rica: a source of guild structure. J. Ecol. 83: 65-73.
18. Krömer, T., Kessler, M. & Gradstein, S.R. In press. Vertical stratification of vascular epiphytes in submontane and montane forest of the Bolivian Andes: the importance of the understory. Plant Ecol.
19. Lellinger, D.B. 1989. The ferns and fern-allies of Costa Rica, Panama, and the Chocó (Part I: Psilotaceae through Dicksoniaceae). American Fern Society, Washington, DC, US.
20. Longman, K.A. & Jeník, J. 1987. Tropical forest and its environment, 2nd ed. Longman, New York, NY, US.
21. Nieder, J. & Zotz, G. 1998. Methods of analyzing the structure and dynamics of vascular epiphyte communities. Ecotropica 4: 33-39.
22. Nieder, J., Engwald, S., Klawun, M. & Barthlott, W. 2000. Spatial distribution of vascular epiphytes (including hemiepiphytes) in a lowland Amazonian rain forest (Surumoni Crane Plot) of Southern Venezuela. Biotropica 32: 385-396.
23. Ochsner, F. 1928. Studien über die Epiphytenvegetation der Schweiz (insbesondere des schweizerischen Mittellandes). Jb. St. Gall. Naturw. Ges. 63: 1-108.
24. Richards, P.W. 1996. The tropical rain forest - an ecological study, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
25. Sanford, W.W. 1968. Distribution of epiphytic orchids in semi-deciduous tropical forest in southern Nigeria. J. Ecol. 56: 697-705.
26. Schimper, A.F.W. 1888. Die epiphytische Vegetation Amerikas. Gustav Fischer, Jena, DE.
27. Solis-Montero, L., Flores-Palacios, A. & Cruz-Angon, A. 2005. Shade-coffee plantations as refuges for tropical wild orchids in central Veracruz, Mexico. Conserv. Biol. 19: 908-916.
28. Ter Steege, H. & Cornelissen, J.H.C. 1989. Distribution and ecology of vascular epiphytes in lowland rain forest of Guyana. Biotropica 21: 331-339.
29. Van Oye, M.P. 1924. Ecologie des épiphytes des troncs d'arbres au Congo Beige. Rev. Gén. Bot. 36: 481-498.
30. Ward, J.H. 1963. Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. J. Am. Statist. Ass. 58: 236-244.
31. Went, F.W. 1940. Soziologie der Epiphyten eines tropischen Regenwaldes. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 50: 1-98.
32. Wright, S.J., Horlyck, V., Basset, Y., Barrios, H., Bethancourt, A., Bohlman, S.A., Gilbert, G.S., Goldstein, G., Graham, E.A., Kitajima, K., Lerdau, M.T., Meinzer, F.C., Ødegaard, F., Reynolds, D.R., Roubik, D.W., Sakai, S., Samaniego, M., Sparks, J.P., Van Bael, S., Winter, K. & Zotz, G. 2003. Tropical canopy biology program, Republic of Panama. In: Basset, Y., Horlyck, V. & Wright, S.J. (eds.) Studying forest canopies from above: The International Canopy Crane Network, pp. 137-155. United Nations Environmental Programme. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, New York, NY, US.
33. Zotz, G. 2004. How prevalent is crassulacean acid metabolism among vascular epiphytes? Oecologia 138: 184-192.
34. Zotz, G. & Büche, M. 2000. The epiphytic filmy ferns of a tropical lowland forest - species occurrence and habitat preferences. Ecotropica 6: 203-206.
35. Zotz, G. & Vollrath, B. 2003. The epiphyte vegetation of the palm, Socratea exorrhiza - correlations with tree size, tree age, and bryophyte cover. J. Trop. Ecol. 19: 81-90.