Electroencephalographic and hypnotic recoveries after brief and prolonged infusions of etomidate and optimized soft etomidate analogs

Anesthesiology

Volumn 117, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1037-1043

  Ge, Rile ^a   Pejo, Ervin ^a   Husain, S Shaukat ^a   Cotten, Joseph F ^b   Raines, Douglas E ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLOPROPYL METHOXYCARBONYL METOMIDATE; DIMETHYL METHOXYCARBONYL METOMIDATE; ETOMIDATE; HYPNOTIC AGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; DRUG DERIVATIVE; HYPNOTIC SEDATIVE AGENT;

ADULT; ANESTHESIA LEVEL; ANESTHETIC RECOVERY; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG BRAIN LEVEL; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG INFUSION; ED50; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HYPNOSIS; INFUSION RATE; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; RIGHTING REFLEX; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; METHODOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT; TIME;

ANIMALS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; ETOMIDATE; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; MALE; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; REFLEX, RIGHTING; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84865415180     PISSN: 00033022     EISSN: 15281175     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31826d3de2     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. Cotten JF, Husain SS, Forman SA, Miller KW, Kelly EW, Nguyen HH, Raines DE: Methoxycarbonyl-etomidate: A novel rapidly metabolized and ultra-short-acting etomidate analogue that does not produce prolonged adrenocortical suppression. Anesthesiology 2009; 111:240-9
2. Bodor N, Buchwald P: Soft drug design: General principles and recent applications. Med Res Rev 2000; 20:58-101
3. Westmoreland CL, Hoke JF, Sebel PS, Hug CC, Jr., Muir KT: Pharmacokinetics of remifentanil (GI87084B) and its major metabolite (GI90291) in patients undergoing elective inpatient surgery. Anesthesiology 1993; 79:893-903
4. Pejo E, Ge R, Banacos N, Cotten JF, Husain SS, Raines DE: Electroencephalographic recovery, hypnotic emergence, and the effects of metabolite after continuous infusions of a rapidly metabolized etomidate analog in rats. Anesthesiology 2012; 116:1057-65
5. Egan TD, Lemmens HJ, Fiset P, Hermann DJ, Muir KT, Stanski DR, Shafer SL: The pharmacokinetics of the new short-acting opioid remifentanil (GI87084B) in healthy adult male volunteers. Anesthesiology 1993; 79:881-92
6. Husain SS, Pejo E, Ge R, Raines DE: Modifying methoxycar-bonyl etomidate interester spacer optimizes in vitro metabolic atability and in vivo hypnotic potency and duration of action. Anesthesiology 2012; 117:1027-36
7. Cotten JF, Le Ge R, Banacos N, Pejo E, Husain SS, Williams JH, Raines DE: Closed-loop continuous infusions of etomidate and etomidate analogs in rats: A comparative study of dosing and the impact on adrenocortical function. Anesthesiology 2011; 115:764-73
8. Rampil IJ, Laster MJ: No correlation between quantitative electroencephalographic measurements and movement response to noxious stimuli during isofurane anesthesia in rats. Anesthesiology 1992; 77:920-5
9. Vijn PC, Sneyd JR: I.V. anaesthesia and EEG burst suppression in rats: Bolus injections and closed-loop infusions. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:415-21
10. Beckon WN, Parkins C, Maximovich A, Beckon AV: A general approach to modeling biphasic relationships. Environ Sci Technol 2008; 42:1308-14
11. Zhang Y, Laster MJ, Eger EI, 2nd, Sharma M, Sonner JM: Blockade of acetylcholine receptors does not change the dose of etomidate required to produce immobility in rats. Anesth Analg 2007; 104:850-2
12. Pejo E, Cotten JF, Kelly EW, Le Ge R, Cuny GD, Laha JK, Liu J, Jie Lin X, Raines DE: In vivo and in vitro pharmacological studies of methoxycarbonyl-carboetomidate. Anesth Analg 2011;115:297-304
13. Ge RL, Pejo E, Haburcak M, Husain SS, Forman SA, Raines DE: Pharmacological studies of methoxycarbonyl etomidate's carboxylic acid metabolite. Anesth Analg 2011;115:305-8
14. Bruhn J, Bouillon TW, Shafer SL: Bispectral index (BIS) and burst suppression: Revealing a part of the BIS algorithm. J Clin Monit Comput 2000; 16:593-6
15. van den Broek PL, van Rijn CM, van Egmond J, Coenen AM, Booij LH: An effective correlation dimension and burst suppression ratio of the EEG in rat. Correlation with sevo-furane induced anaesthetic depth. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; 23:391-402