메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 554-567

Heterogeneity in memory training improvement among older adults: A latent class analysis

Author keywords

Ageing; Episodic memory; Individual differences; Plasticity; Training

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AGING; ARTICLE; EPISODIC MEMORY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIVIDUALITY; LEARNING; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; STATISTICS; TEACHING;

EID: 84865058230     PISSN: 09658211     EISSN: 14640686     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2012.687051     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (13)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 23044474313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis
    • Bäckman, L., Jones, S., Berger, A. K., Laukka, E. J., & Small, B. J. 2005. Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology, 19, 520-531. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.19.4.520
    • (2005) Neuropsychology , vol.19 , pp. 520-531
    • Bäckman, L.1    Jones, S.2    Berger, A.K.3    Laukka, E.J.4    Small, B.J.5
  • 2
    • 0010144543 scopus 로고
    • Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline
    • Baltes, P. B. 1987. Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Developmental Psychology, 23, 611-626. doi:10.137/0012-1649.23.5.611
    • (1987) Developmental Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 611-626
    • Baltes, P.B.1
  • 3
    • 0000142929 scopus 로고
    • Further testing of limits of cognitive plasticity: Negative age-differences in a mnemonic skill are robust
    • Baltes, P. B., & Kliegl, R. 1992. Further testing of limits of cognitive plasticity: Negative age-differences in a mnemonic skill are robust. Developmental Psychology, 28, 121-125. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.28.1.121
    • (1992) Developmental Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 121-125
    • Baltes, P.B.1    Kliegl, R.2
  • 4
    • 0031005504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergence of a powerful connection between sensory and cognitive functions across the adult life span: A new window to the study of cognitive ageing?
    • Baltes, P. B., & Lindenberger, U. 1997. Emergence of a powerful connection between sensory and cognitive functions across the adult life span: A new window to the study of cognitive ageing? Psychology and Ageing, 12, 12-21. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.12.1.12
    • (1997) Psychology and Ageing , vol.12 , pp. 12-21
    • Baltes, P.B.1    Lindenberger, U.2
  • 6
    • 34547600244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who benefits from memory training?
    • Bissig, D., & Lustig, C. 2007. Who benefits from memory training? Psychological Science, 18, 720-726. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01966
    • (2007) Psychological Science , vol.18 , pp. 720-726
    • Bissig, D.1    Lustig, C.2
  • 8
    • 33947523213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory plasticity across the lifespan: Uncovering children's latent potential
    • Brehmer, Y., Li, S. C., Müller, V., von Oertzen, T., & Lindenberger, U. 2007. Memory plasticity across the lifespan: Uncovering children's latent potential. Developmental Psychology, 43, 465-478. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.2.465
    • (2007) Developmental Psychology , vol.43 , pp. 465-478
    • Brehmer, Y.1    Li, S.C.2    Müller, V.3    von Oertzen, T.4    Lindenberger, U.5
  • 9
    • 5344271854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory and executive function in ageing and AD: Multiple factors that cause decline and reserve factors that compensate
    • Buckner, R. L. 2004. Memory and executive function in ageing and AD: Multiple factors that cause decline and reserve factors that compensate. Neuron, 44, 195-208. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.006
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.44 , pp. 195-208
    • Buckner, R.L.1
  • 10
    • 0036430355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing gracefully: Compensatory brain activity in high-performing older adults
    • Cabeza, R., Anderson, N. D., Locantore, J. K., & McIntosh, A. R. 2002. Ageing gracefully: Compensatory brain activity in high-performing older adults. Neuroimage, 17, 1394-1402. doi:S1053811902912802
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.17 , pp. 1394-1402
    • Cabeza, R.1    Anderson, N.D.2    Locantore, J.K.3    McIntosh, A.R.4
  • 11
    • 76849099631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age differences in prefrontal recruitment during verbal working memory maintenance depend on memory load
    • Capell, K. A., Gmeindl, L., & Reuter-Lorenz P. A. 2010. Age differences in prefrontal recruitment during verbal working memory maintenance depend on memory load. Cortex, 46, 462-473. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2009.11.009
    • (2010) Cortex , vol.46 , pp. 462-473
    • Capell, K.A.1    Gmeindl, L.2    Reuter-Lorenz, P.A.3
  • 12
    • 0345713149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of diversity in the cognitive performance of elderly community dwellers: Individual differences in change scores as a function of age
    • Christensen, H., Mackinnon, A. J., Korten, A. E., Jorm, A. F., Henderson, A. S., Jacomb, P. et al. 1999. An analysis of diversity in the cognitive performance of elderly community dwellers: Individual differences in change scores as a function of age. Psychology and Ageing, 14, 365-379. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.14.3.365
    • (1999) Psychology and Ageing , vol.14 , pp. 365-379
    • Christensen, H.1    Mackinnon, A.J.2    Korten, A.E.3    Jorm, A.F.4    Henderson, A.S.5    Jacomb, P.6
  • 13
    • 43049136624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related deficits in associative memory: The influence of impaired strategic retrieval
    • Cohn, M., Emrich, S. M., & Moscovitch, M. 2008. Age-related deficits in associative memory: The influence of impaired strategic retrieval. Psychology and Ageing, 23, 93-103. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.93
    • (2008) Psychology and Ageing , vol.23 , pp. 93-103
    • Cohn, M.1    Emrich, S.M.2    Moscovitch, M.3
  • 14
    • 0002038032 scopus 로고
    • A functional account of age differences in memory
    • In: Klix F., Hagendorf H., editors Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Craik, F. I. 1986. "A functional account of age differences in memory". In Human memory and capabilities: Mechanisms and performances, Edited by: Klix, F. and Hagendorf, H. 409-422. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
    • (1986) Human memory and capabilities: Mechanisms and performances , pp. 409-422
    • Craik, F.I.1
  • 15
    • 33751309111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Item, context and relational episodic encoding in humans
    • Davachi, L. 2006. Item, context and relational episodic encoding in humans. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 16, 693-700. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2006.10.012
    • (2006) Current Opinion in Neurobiology , vol.16 , pp. 693-700
    • Davachi, L.1
  • 16
    • 34247164623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the dedifferentiation hypothesis with longitudinal multi-cohort data
    • de Frias, C. M., Lovden, M., Lindenberger, U., & Nilsson, L. G. 2007. Revisiting the dedifferentiation hypothesis with longitudinal multi-cohort data. Intelligence, 35, 381-392. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2006.07.011
    • (2007) Intelligence , vol.35 , pp. 381-392
    • de Frias, C.M.1    Lovden, M.2    Lindenberger, U.3    Nilsson, L.G.4
  • 18
    • 0032433213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing and deficits in associative memory: What is the role of strategy production?
    • Dunlosky, J., & Hertzog, C. 1998. Ageing and deficits in associative memory: What is the role of strategy production? Psychology and Ageing, 13, 597-607. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.13.4.597
    • (1998) Psychology and Ageing , vol.13 , pp. 597-607
    • Dunlosky, J.1    Hertzog, C.2
  • 19
    • 59749100614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between ageing, performance, and the neural correlates of successful memory encoding
    • Duverne, S., Motamedinia, S., & Rugg, M. D. 2009. The relationship between ageing, performance, and the neural correlates of successful memory encoding. Cerebral Cortex, 19, 733-744. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn122
    • (2009) Cerebral Cortex , vol.19 , pp. 733-744
    • Duverne, S.1    Motamedinia, S.2    Rugg, M.D.3
  • 20
    • 84858191165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional phenotyping of successful aging in long-term memory: Preserved performance in the absence of neural compensation
    • Düzel, E., Schütze, H., Yonelinas, A. P., & Heinze, HJ. 2011. Functional phenotyping of successful aging in long-term memory: Preserved performance in the absence of neural compensation. Hippocampus, 21, 803-814. doi:10.1002/hipo.20834
    • (2011) Hippocampus , vol.21 , pp. 803-814
    • Düzel, E.1    Schütze, H.2    Yonelinas, A.P.3    Heinze, H.J.4
  • 21
    • 0030522584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect-size estimates: Issues and problems in interpretation
    • Fern, E. F. and Monroe, K. B. 1996. Effect-size estimates: Issues and problems in interpretation. Journal of Consumer Research, 23: 89-105.
    • (1996) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.23 , pp. 89-105
    • Fern, E.F.1    Monroe, K.B.2
  • 25
    • 0032165209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing and source monitoring: Cognitive processes and neuropsychological correlates
    • Henkel, L. A., Johnson, M. K., & De Leonardis, D. M. 1998. Ageing and source monitoring: Cognitive processes and neuropsychological correlates. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 127, 251-268. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.127.3.251
    • (1998) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.127 , pp. 251-268
    • Henkel, L.A.1    Johnson, M.K.2    de Leonardis, D.M.3
  • 27
    • 0032611479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory
    • Jacoby, L. L. 1999. Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, Cognition, 25, 3-22. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.3
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, Cognition , vol.25 , pp. 3-22
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 28
    • 0001295283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related deficits in memory: Theory and application
    • In: Conway M. A., Gathercole S. E., Cornoldi C., editors Hove, UK: Psychology Press
    • Jacoby, L. L. and Hay, J. F. 1998. "Age-related deficits in memory: Theory and application". In Theories of memory, Edited by: Conway, M. A., Gathercole, S. E. and Cornoldi, C. 111-134. Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
    • (1998) Theories of memory , pp. 111-134
    • Jacoby, L.L.1    Hay, J.F.2
  • 31
    • 0002100809 scopus 로고
    • Theory-guided analysis of mechanisms of development and ageing through testing-the-limits and research on expertise
    • In: Schooler C., Schaie K. W., editors Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing
    • Kliegl, R. and Baltes, P. B. 1987. "Theory-guided analysis of mechanisms of development and ageing through testing-the-limits and research on expertise". In Cognitive functioning and social structure over the life course, Edited by: Schooler, C. and Schaie, K. W. 95-119. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing.
    • (1987) Cognitive functioning and social structure over the life course , pp. 95-119
    • Kliegl, R.1    Baltes, P.B.2
  • 32
    • 0000290976 scopus 로고
    • Testing-the-limits and the study of adult age differences in cognitive plasticity of a mnemonic skill
    • Kliegl, R., Smith, J., & Baltes, P. B. 1989. Testing-the-limits and the study of adult age differences in cognitive plasticity of a mnemonic skill. Developmental Psychology, 25, 247-256. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.25.2.247
    • (1989) Developmental Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 247-256
    • Kliegl, R.1    Smith, J.2    Baltes, P.B.3
  • 33
    • 58149207430 scopus 로고
    • On the locus and process of magnification of age differences during mnemonic training
    • Kliegl, R., Smith, J., & Baltes, P. B. 1990. On the locus and process of magnification of age differences during mnemonic training. Developmental Psychology, 26, 894-904. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.26.6.894
    • (1990) Developmental Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 894-904
    • Kliegl, R.1    Smith, J.2    Baltes, P.B.3
  • 35
    • 0033807696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult age differences in task switching
    • Kray, J., & Lindenberger, U. 2000. Adult age differences in task switching. Psychology and Ageing, 15, 126-147. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.15.1.126
    • (2000) Psychology and Ageing , vol.15 , pp. 126-147
    • Kray, J.1    Lindenberger, U.2
  • 37
    • 64649090286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and sensory declines in old age: Gauging the evidence for a common cause
    • Lindenberger, U., & Ghisletta, P. 2009. Cognitive and sensory declines in old age: Gauging the evidence for a common cause. Psychology and Ageing, 24, 1-16. doi:10.1037/a0014986
    • (2009) Psychology and Ageing , vol.24 , pp. 1-16
    • Lindenberger, U.1    Ghisletta, P.2
  • 38
  • 39
    • 0032319196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adults' efficacy and control beliefs regarding memory and aging: Separating general from personal beliefs
    • Lineweaver, T. T., & Hertzog, C. 1998. Adults' efficacy and control beliefs regarding memory and aging: Separating general from personal beliefs. Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition, 5, 264-296. doi:10.1076/anec.5.4.264.771
    • (1998) Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition , vol.5 , pp. 264-296
    • Lineweaver, T.T.1    Hertzog, C.2
  • 40
    • 0038183179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the number of components in a normal mixture
    • Lo, Y., Mendell, N. R., & Rubin, D. B. 2001. Testing the number of components in a normal mixture. Biometrika, 88, 767-778. doi:10.1093/biomet/88.3.767
    • (2001) Biometrika , vol.88 , pp. 767-778
    • Lo, Y.1    Mendell, N.R.2    Rubin, D.B.3
  • 41
    • 70449590014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Categories or continua? The correspondence between mixture models and factor models
    • In: Hancock G. R., Samuelsen K. M., editors Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing
    • Loken, E. and Molenaar, P. C. M. 2008. "Categories or continua? The correspondence between mixture models and factor models". In Advances in latent variable mixture models, Edited by: Hancock, G. R. and Samuelsen, K. M. 277-297. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.
    • (2008) Advances in latent variable mixture models , pp. 277-297
    • Loken, E.1    Molenaar, P.C.M.2
  • 43
    • 84933672456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Training-induced compensation versus magnification of individual differences in memory performance
    • Lövdén, M., Brehmer, Y., Li, S-C., & Lindenberger, U. 2012. Training-induced compensation versus magnification of individual differences in memory performance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 141. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00141
    • (2012) Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , vol.6 , pp. 141
    • Lövdén, M.1    Brehmer, Y.2    Li, S-C.3    Lindenberger, U.4
  • 45
    • 12044254284 scopus 로고
    • Bivariate median splits and spurious statistical significance
    • Maxwell, S. E., & Delaney, H. D. 1993. Bivariate median splits and spurious statistical significance. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 181-190. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.181
    • (1993) Psychological Bulletin , vol.113 , pp. 181-190
    • Maxwell, S.E.1    Delaney, H.D.2
  • 46
    • 0034928713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
    • Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. 2001. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 24, 167-202. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.167
    • (2001) Annual Review of Neuroscience , vol.24 , pp. 167-202
    • Miller, E.K.1    Cohen, J.D.2
  • 49
    • 79957929302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Load modulation of BOLD response and connectivity predicts working memory performance in younger and older adults
    • Nagel, I. E., Preuschhof, C., Li, S. C., Nyberg, L., Backman, L., Lindenberger, U. et al. 2011. Load modulation of BOLD response and connectivity predicts working memory performance in younger and older adults. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 2030-204. doi:10.1162/jocn.2010.21560
    • (2011) Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , vol.23 , pp. 2030-2204
    • Nagel, I.E.1    Preuschhof, C.2    Li, S.C.3    Nyberg, L.4    Backman, L.5    Lindenberger, U.6
  • 50
    • 0033441152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyzing developmental trajectories: A semi-parametric, group-based approach
    • Nagin, D. S. 1999. Analyzing developmental trajectories: A semi-parametric, group-based approach. Psychological Methods, 4, 139-177. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.4.2.139
    • (1999) Psychological Methods , vol.4 , pp. 139-177
    • Nagin, D.S.1
  • 51
    • 33947646438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The associative memory deficit of older adults: The role of strategy utilisation
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M., Brav, T. K., & Levy, O. 2007. The associative memory deficit of older adults: The role of strategy utilisation. Psychology and Aging, 22, 202-208. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.22.1.202
    • (2007) Psychology and Aging , vol.22 , pp. 202-208
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M.1    Brav, T.K.2    Levy, O.3
  • 52
    • 4344677545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The associative memory deficit of older adults: Further support using face-name associations
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M., Guez, J., Kilb, A., & Reedy, S. 2004. The associative memory deficit of older adults: Further support using face-name associations. Psychology and Ageing, 19, 541-546. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.3.541
    • (2004) Psychology and Ageing , vol.19 , pp. 541-546
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M.1    Guez, J.2    Kilb, A.3    Reedy, S.4
  • 53
    • 60549112575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult age differences in memory for name-face associations: The effects of intentional and incidental learning
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M., Shing, Y. L., Kilb, A., Werkle-Bergner, M., Lindenberger, U., & Li, S. C. 2009. Adult age differences in memory for name-face associations: The effects of intentional and incidental learning. Memory, 17, 220-232. doi:10.1080/09658210802222183
    • (2009) Memory , vol.17 , pp. 220-232
    • Naveh-Benjamin, M.1    Shing, Y.L.2    Kilb, A.3    Werkle-Bergner, M.4    Lindenberger, U.5    Li, S.C.6
  • 54
    • 70350513548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive plasticity in adulthood and old age: Gauging the generality of cognitive intervention effects
    • Noack, H., Lövdén, M., Schmiedek, F., & Lindenberger, U. 2009. Cognitive plasticity in adulthood and old age: Gauging the generality of cognitive intervention effects. Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, 27, 435-453. doi:10.3233/RNN-2009-0496
    • (2009) Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience , vol.27 , pp. 435-453
    • Noack, H.1    Lövdén, M.2    Schmiedek, F.3    Lindenberger, U.4
  • 55
    • 0242402285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall
    • Oberauer, K. 2003. Understanding serial position curves in short-term recognition and recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 49, 469-483. doi:10.1016/S0749-596X(03)00080-9
    • (2003) Journal of Memory and Language , vol.49 , pp. 469-483
    • Oberauer, K.1
  • 56
    • 43049105789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of age on item and associative measures of memory: A meta-analysis
    • Old, S. R., & Naveh-Benjamin, M. 2008. Differential effects of age on item and associative measures of memory: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Ageing, 23, 104-118. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.104
    • (2008) Psychology and Ageing , vol.23 , pp. 104-118
    • Old, S.R.1    Naveh-Benjamin, M.2
  • 57
    • 77951976368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trajectories of brain ageing in middle-aged and older adults: Regional and individual differences
    • Raz, N., Ghisletta, P., Rodrigue, K. M., Kennedy, K. M., & Lindenberger, U. 2010. Trajectories of brain ageing in middle-aged and older adults: Regional and individual differences. Neuroimage, 51, 501-511. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.03.020
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.51 , pp. 501-511
    • Raz, N.1    Ghisletta, P.2    Rodrigue, K.M.3    Kennedy, K.M.4    Lindenberger, U.5
  • 58
    • 23444441331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional brain changes in ageing healthy adults: General trends, individual differences and modifiers
    • Raz, N., Lindenberger, U., Rodrigue, K. M., Kennedy, K. M., Head, D., Williamson, A. et al. 2005. Regional brain changes in ageing healthy adults: General trends, individual differences and modifiers. Cerebral Cortex, 15, 1676-1689. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhi044
    • (2005) Cerebral Cortex , vol.15 , pp. 1676-1689
    • Raz, N.1    Lindenberger, U.2    Rodrigue, K.M.3    Kennedy, K.M.4    Head, D.5    Williamson, A.6
  • 59
    • 0002778078 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of measures for estimation of clustering in free recall
    • Roenker, D. L., Brown, S. C., & Thompson, C. P. 1971. Comparison of measures for estimation of clustering in free recall. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 45-48. doi:10.1037/h0031355
    • (1971) Psychological Bulletin , vol.76 , pp. 45-48
    • Roenker, D.L.1    Brown, S.C.2    Thompson, C.P.3
  • 60
    • 15244351702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability, growth, and decline in adult life span development of declarative memory: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study
    • Rönnlund, M., Nyberg, L., Backman, L., & Nilsson, L. G. 2005. Stability, growth, and decline in adult life span development of declarative memory: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study. Psychology and Ageing, 20, 3-18. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.3
    • (2005) Psychology and Ageing , vol.20 , pp. 3-18
    • Rönnlund, M.1    Nyberg, L.2    Backman, L.3    Nilsson, L.G.4
  • 61
    • 2442577104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of young children's memory strategies: First findings from the Würzburg Longitudinal Memory Study
    • Schneider, W., Kron, V., Hunnerkopf, M., & Krajewski, K. 2004. The development of young children's memory strategies: First findings from the Würzburg Longitudinal Memory Study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88, 193-209. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.004
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , vol.88 , pp. 193-209
    • Schneider, W.1    Kron, V.2    Hunnerkopf, M.3    Krajewski, K.4
  • 63
    • 0000120766 scopus 로고
    • Estimating the dimension of a model
    • Schwartz, G. 1978. Estimating the dimension of a model. The Annals of Statistics 4, 461-464. doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136
    • (1978) The Annals of Statistics , vol.4 , pp. 461-464
    • Schwartz, G.1
  • 66
    • 60549091940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committing memory errors with high confidence: Older adults do but children don't
    • Shing, Y. L., Werkle-Bergner, M., Li, S. C., & Lindenberger, U. 2009. Committing memory errors with high confidence: Older adults do but children don't. Memory, 17, 169-179. doi:10.1080/09658210802190596
    • (2009) Memory , vol.17 , pp. 169-179
    • Shing, Y.L.1    Werkle-Bergner, M.2    Li, S.C.3    Lindenberger, U.4
  • 67
    • 0041736031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory
    • Simons, J. S., & Spiers, H. J. 2003. Prefrontal and medial temporal lobe interactions in long-term memory. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 4, 637-648. doi:10.1038/nrn1178
    • (2003) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.4 , pp. 637-648
    • Simons, J.S.1    Spiers, H.J.2
  • 68
    • 0037806037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fate of cognition in very old age: Six-year longitudinal findings in the Berlin Ageing Study (BASE)
    • Singer, T., Verhaeghen, P., Ghisletta, P., Lindenberger, U., & Baltes, P. B. 2003. The fate of cognition in very old age: Six-year longitudinal findings in the Berlin Ageing Study (BASE). Psychology and Ageing, 18, 318-331. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.318
    • (2003) Psychology and Ageing , vol.18 , pp. 318-331
    • Singer, T.1    Verhaeghen, P.2    Ghisletta, P.3    Lindenberger, U.4    Baltes, P.B.5
  • 69
    • 0023974908 scopus 로고
    • Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia
    • Snodgrass, J. G., & Corwin, J. 1988. Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 117, 34-50. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.117.1.34
    • (1988) Journal of Experimental Psychology-General , vol.117 , pp. 34-50
    • Snodgrass, J.G.1    Corwin, J.2
  • 70
    • 0029554696 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of ageing on memory for content and context: A meta-analysis
    • Spencer, W. D., & Raz, N. 1995. Differential effects of ageing on memory for content and context: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Ageing, 10, 527-539. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.10.4.527
    • (1995) Psychology and Ageing , vol.10 , pp. 527-539
    • Spencer, W.D.1    Raz, N.2
  • 71
    • 82155184264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleaning up your act: Screening data prior to analysis
    • In: Tabachnik B. C., editorsFidell L. S., editors 5th ed, Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon
    • Tabachnik, B. C., & Fidell, L. S. 2006. Cleaning up your act: Screening data prior to analysis. In B. C. Tabachnik & L. S. Fidell, Using multivariate statistics, 5th ed., pp. 61-116. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
    • (2006) Using multivariate statistics , pp. 61-116
    • Tabachnik, B.C.1    Fidell, L.S.2
  • 72
    • 0000838862 scopus 로고
    • Episodic and semantic memory
    • In: Tulving E., Donaldson W., editors New York: Academic Press
    • Tulving, E. 1972. "Episodic and semantic memory". In Organisation of memory, Edited by: Tulving, E. and Donaldson, W. 381-403. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1972) Organisation of memory , pp. 381-403
    • Tulving, E.1
  • 73
    • 0029972803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the mechanisms of plasticity in young and older adults after instruction in the method of loci: Evidence for an amplification model
    • Verhaeghen, P., & Marcoen, A. 1996. On the mechanisms of plasticity in young and older adults after instruction in the method of loci: Evidence for an amplification model. Psychology and Ageing, 11, 164-178. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.11.1.164
    • (1996) Psychology and Ageing , vol.11 , pp. 164-178
    • Verhaeghen, P.1    Marcoen, A.2
  • 74
    • 0026874618 scopus 로고
    • Improving memory performance in the aged through mnemonic training: A meta-analytic study
    • Verhaeghen, P., Marcoen, A., & Goossens, L. 1992. Improving memory performance in the aged through mnemonic training: A meta-analytic study. Psychology and Ageing, 7, 242-251. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.7.2.242
    • (1992) Psychology and Ageing , vol.7 , pp. 242-251
    • Verhaeghen, P.1    Marcoen, A.2    Goossens, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.