Activity-depenDent plasticity of spinal circuits in the Developing and mature spinal cord

Neural Plasticity

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Tahayori, Behdad ^a   Koceja, David M ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPA RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR;

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; CELL ACTIVITY; CELL FUNCTION; CELL MATURATION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CEREBRAL PALSY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; EVOKED MUSCLE RESPONSE; EXCITATORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; INHIBITORY POSTSYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; LONG TERM DEPRESSION; MOTONEURON; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; NERVE CELL DIFFERENTIATION; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NONHUMAN; POLYSYNAPTIC REFLEX; PRESYNAPTIC INHIBITION; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; REFLEX ARC; REVIEW; SENSORY STIMULATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SPINAL CORD; SPINAL CORD MOTONEURON; SUBSTANTIA GELATINOSA; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; UPREGULATION; ANIMAL; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIOR; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; LEARNING; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE FIBER; PHYSIOLOGY; RAT; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION;

ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; HUMANS; LEARNING; NERVE FIBERS; NERVE NET; NEURONAL PLASTICITY; PRACTICE (PSYCHOLOGY); RATS; SPINAL CORD; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION;

EID: 84864959955     PISSN: 20905904     EISSN: 16875443     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/964843     Document Type: Review

References (125)

1. Hubel D. H., Wiesel T. N., The period of susceptibility to the physiological effects of unilateral eye closure in kittens. Journal of Physiology 1970 206 2 419 436
2. Hubel D. H., Wiesel T. N., Receptive fields of cells in striate cortex of very young, visually inexperienced kittens Journal of Neurophysiology 1963 26 994 1002
3. Wiesel T. N., Hubel D. H., Single-cell responses in striate cortex of kittens deprived of vision in one eye Journal of Neurophysiology 1963 26 1003 1017
4. Hubel D. H., Wiesel T. N., Effects of monocular deprivation in kittens Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv fr Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie 1964 248 6 492 497
5. Wiesel T. N., Hubel D. H., Extent of recovery from the effects of visual deprivation in kittens. Journal of Neurophysiology 1965 28 6 1060 1072
6. Assaiante C., Amblard B., An ontogenetic model for the sensorimotor organization of balance control in humans Human Movement Science 1995 14 1 13 43
7. Zelazo P. R., Zelazo N. A., Kolb S., Walking in the newborn Science 1972 176 4032 314 315
8. Wolpaw J. R., Tennissen A. M., Activity-depenDent spinal cord plasticity in health and disease Annual Review of Neuroscience 2001 24 807 843 (Pubitemid 32695246)
9. Butz M., Wrgtter F., Van Ooyen A., Activity-depenDent structural plasticity Brain Research Reviews 2009 60 2 287 305
10. Koceja D. M., Markus C. A., Trimble M. H., Postural modulation of the soleus H reflex in young and old subjects Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1995 97 6 387 393 (Pubitemid 26022391)
11. Woollacott M. H., Shumway-Cook A., Nashner L. M., Aging and posture control: changes in sensory organization and muscular coordination International Journal of Aging and Human Development 1986 23 2 97 114 (Pubitemid 16009417)
12. Nardone A., Siliotto R., Grasso M., Schieppati M., Influence of aging on leg muscle reflex responses to stance perturbation Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 1995 76 2 158 165
13. Sturnieks D. L., St George R., Lord S. R., Balance disorDers in the elDerly Neurophysiologie Clinique 2008 38 6 467 478
14. Romero D. H., Stelmach G. E., Changes in postural control with aging and Parkinson's disease IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 2003 22 2 27 31 (Pubitemid 37328137)
15. Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Burke D., The Circuitry of the Human Spinal Cord 2005 Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press
16. Tahayori B., Port N. L., Koceja D. M., The inflow of sensory information for the control of standing is graded and bidirectional Experimental Brain Research 2012 218 1 111 118
17. Purves D., Lichtman J. W., Principles of Neural Development 1985 SunDerland, Mass, USA Sinauer Associates
18. Sharma K., Leonard A. E., Lettieri K., Pfaff S. L., Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms contribute to motor neuron pathfinding Nature 2000 406 6795 515 519 (Pubitemid 30625735)
19. Wiesel T. N., Postnatal Development of the visual cortex and the influence of environment Nature 1982 299 5884 583 591 (Pubitemid 12033270)
20. Conradi S., Ronnevi L. O., Ultrastructure and synaptology of the initial axon segment of cat spinal motoneurons during early postnatal Development Journal of Neurocytology 1977 6 2 195 210 (Pubitemid 8061805)
21. Hockfield S., Kalb R. G., Activity-depenDent structural changes during neuronal Development Current Opinion in Neurobiology 1993 3 1 87 92 (Pubitemid 23071273)
22. Kalb R. G., Hockfield S., Activity-depenDent Development of spinal cord motor neurons Brain Research Reviews 1992 17 3 283 289
23. Thompson W. J., Activity and synapse elimination at the neuromuscular junction Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 1985 5 1-2 167 182 (Pubitemid 15001811)
24. Liu Y., Fields R. D., Fitzgerald S., Festoff B. W., Nelson P. G., Proteolytic activity, synapse elimination, and the Hebb synapse Journal of Neurobiology 1994 25 3 325 335 (Pubitemid 24072914)
25. Gonzlez S. Q., Alegra B. S., Olmos J. C. G., Jiménez-Estrada I., Effect of chronic unDernourishment on the cord dorsum potentials and the primary afferent depolarization evoked by cutaneous nerves in the rat spinal cord Brain Research Bulletin 2011 85 1-2 68 74
26. Kalb R. G., Hockfield S., Large diameter primary afferent input is required for expression of the Cat-301 proteoglycan on the surface of motor neurons Neuroscience 1990 34 2 391 401 (Pubitemid 20110144)
27. Kalb R. G., Hockfield S., Molecular eviDence for early activity-depenDent Development of hamster motor neurons Journal of Neuroscience 1988 8 7 2350 2360
28. Farkas S., Ono H., Participation of NMDA and non-NMDA excitatory amino acid receptors in the mediation of spinal reflex potentials in rats: an in vivo study British Journal of Pharmacology 1995 114 6 1193 1205
29. Nelson P. G., Fields R. D., Yu C., Neale E. A., Mechanisms involved in activity-depenDent synapse formation in mammalian central nervous system cell cultures Journal of Neurobiology 1990 21 1 138 156 (Pubitemid 20078253)
30. Fields R. D., Yu C., Nelson P. G., Calcium, network activity, and the role of NMDA channels in synaptic plasticity in vitro Journal of Neuroscience 1991 11 1 134 146
31. Kalb R. G., Regulation of motor neuron Dendrite growth by NMDA receptor activation Development 1994 120 11 3063 3071 (Pubitemid 24343239)
32. Kalb R. G., Fox A. J., Synchronized overproduction of AMPA, Kainate, and NMDA glutamate receptors during human spinal cord Development Journal of Comparative Neurology 1997 384 2 200 210 (Pubitemid 27282039)
33. Kalb R. G., Lidow M. S., Halsted M. J., Hockfield S., N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors are transiently expressed in the Developing spinal cord ventral horn Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1992 89 18 8502 8506
34. Sandkhler J., Chen J. G., Cheng G., Randi M., Low-frequency stimulation of afferent afibers induces long-term depression at primary afferent synapses with substantia gelatinosa neurons in the rat Journal of Neuroscience 1997 17 16 6483 6491 (Pubitemid 27329920)
35. Michaels R. L., Rothman S. M., Glutamate neurotoxicity in vitro: antagonist pharmacology and intracellular calcium concentrations Journal of Neuroscience 1990 10 1 283 292 (Pubitemid 20059264)
36. Laughlin T. M., VanDerah T. W., Lashbrook J., Nichols M. L., Ossipov M., Porreca F., Wilcox G. L., Spinally administered dynorphin A produces long-lasting allodynia: involvement of NMDA but not opioid receptors Pain 1997 72 1-2 253 260 (Pubitemid 27321924)
37. Eyre J. A., Development and plasticity of the corticospinal system in man. Neural Plasticity 2003 10 1-2 93 106
38. Eyre J. A., Taylor J. P., Villagra F., Smith M., Miller S., EviDence of activity-depenDent withdrawal of corticospinal projections during human Development Neurology 2001 57 9 1543 1554 (Pubitemid 33055466)
39. Galea M. P., Darian-Smith I., Multiple corticospinal neuron populations in the macaque monkey are specified by their unique cortical origins, spinal terminations, and connections Cerebral Cortex 1994 4 2 166 194 (Pubitemid 24127826)
40. Uematsu J., Ono K., Yamano T., Shimada M., Development of corticospinal tract fibers and their plasticity II. Neonatal unilateral cortical damage and subsequent Development of the corticospinal tract in mice Brain and Development 1996 18 3 173 178 (Pubitemid 26253921)
41. Bax M., Goldstein M., Rosenbaun P., Leviton A., Paneth N., Dan B., Jacobsson B., Damiano D., Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy, April 2005 Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 2005 47 8 571 576 (Pubitemid 41131619)
42. Carr L. J., Harrison L. M., Evans A. L., Stephens J. A., Patterns of central motor reorganization in hemiplegic cerebral palsy Brain 1993 116 5 1223 1247 (Pubitemid 23329891)
43. Hodapp M., Klisch C., Berger W., Mall V., Faist M., Modulation of soleus H-reflexes during gait in healthy children Experimental Brain Research 2007 178 2 252 260 (Pubitemid 46440136)
44. Hodapp M., Vry J., Mall V., Faist M., Changes in soleus H-reflex modulation after treadmill training in children with cerebral palsy Brain 2009 132 1 37 44
45. Hodapp M., Klisch C., Mall V., Vry J., Berger W., Faist M., Modulation of soleus H-reflexes during gait in children with cerebral palsy Journal of Neurophysiology 2007 98 6 3263 3268
46. Ohno T., Maeda H., Murabe N., Kamiyama T., Yoshioka N., Mishina M., Sakurai M., Specific involvement of postsynaptic GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in the Developmental elimination of corticospinal synapses Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 107 34 15252 15257
47. Kukulka C., Gersh M., Principles of neuromuscular excitation Electrotherapy in Rehabilitation 1992 Philadelphia, Pa, USA Davis 3 25
48. Knikou M., The H-reflex as a probe: pathways and pitfalls Journal of Neuroscience Methods 2008 171 1 1 12
49. Morita H., Petersen N., Christensen L. O. D., Sinkjr T., Nielsen J., Sensitivity of H-reflexes and stretch reflexes to presynaptic inhibition in humans Journal of Neurophysiology 1998 80 2 610 620 (Pubitemid 28387645)
50. Enrquez-Denton M., Morita H., Christensen L. O. D., Petersen N., Sinkjaer T., Nielsen J. B., Interaction between peripheral afferent activity and presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents in the cat Journal of Neurophysiology 2002 88 4 1664 1674 (Pubitemid 35191171)
51. Koceja D. M., Burke J. R., Kamen G., Organization of segmental reflexes in trained dancers International Journal of Sports Medicine 1991 12 3 285 289
52. Nielsen J., Crone C., Hultborn H., H-reflexes are smaller in dancers from the Royal Danish Ballet than in well-trained athletes European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology 1993 66 2 116 121 (Pubitemid 23093902)
53. RyDer R., Kitano K., Koceja D. M., Spinal reflex adaptation in dancers changes with body orientation and role of pre-synaptic inhibition. Journal of Dance Medicine Science 2010 14 4 155 162
54. Wolpaw J. R., Lee C. L., Memory traces in primate spinal cord produced by operant conditioning of H-reflex Journal of Neurophysiology 1989 61 3 563 572 (Pubitemid 19089108)
55. Wolpaw J. R., The education and re-education of the spinal cord Progress in Brain Research 2006 157 261 280
56. Wolpaw J. R., Braitman D. J., Seegal R. F., Adaptive plasticity in primate spinal stretch reflex: initial Development Journal of Neurophysiology 1983 50 6 1296 1311 (Pubitemid 14175691)
57. Glanzman D. L., Common mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in vertebrates and invertebrates Current Biology 2010 20 1 R31 R36
58. Krasne F. B., Bryan J. S., Habituation: regulation through presynaptic inhibition Science 1973 182 4112 590 592
59. Melzack R., Wall P. D., Pain mechanisms: a new theory Science 1965 150 3699 971 979
60. Hultborn H., Lindstrom S., Wigstrom H., On the function of recurrent inhibition in the spinal cord Experimental Brain Research 1979 37 2 399 403 (Pubitemid 10243992)
61. Hultborn H., Illert M., Nielsen J., Paul A., Ballegaard M., Wiese H., On the mechanism of the post-activation depression of the H-reflex in human subjects Experimental Brain Research 1996 108 3 450 462 (Pubitemid 26095298)
62. Crone C., Nielsen J., Spinal mechanisms in man contributing to reciprocal inhibition during voluntary dorsiflexion of the foot Journal of Physiology 1989 416 255 272 (Pubitemid 19223213)
63. Hultborn H., Meunier S., Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Shindo M., Changes in presynaptic inhibition of Ia fibres at the onset of voluntary contraction in man Journal of Physiology 1987 389 757 772 (Pubitemid 17123971)
64. Earles D. R., Koceja D. M., Shively C. W., Environmental changes in soleus H-reflex excitability in young and elDerly subjects International Journal of Neuroscience 2000 105 1-4 1 13
65. Duysens J., Taxl A. A. M., Van Der Doelen B., Trippel M., Dietz V., Selective activation of human soleus or gastrocnemius in reflex responses during walking and running Experimental Brain Research 1991 87 1 193 204
66. Larsen B., Mrachacz-Kersting N., Lavoie B. A., Voigt M., The amplitude modulation of the quadriceps H-reflex in relation to the knee joint action during walking Experimental Brain Research 2006 170 4 555 566
67. Mrachacz-Kersting N., Lavoie B. A., AnDersen J. B., Sinkjaer T., Characterisation of the quadriceps stretch reflex during the transition from swing to stance phase of human walking Experimental Brain Research 2004 159 1 108 122 (Pubitemid 39517818)
68. Frank K., Fuortes M. G. F., Presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition of monosynaptic reflexes FeDeration Proceedings 1957 16 39 40
69. Frank K., Basic mechanisms of synaptic transmission in the central nervous system IRE Transitions on Medical Electronics 1959 6 2 85 88
70. Rudomin P., Schmidt R. F., Presynaptic inhibition in the vertebrate spinal cord revisited Experimental Brain Research 1999 129 1 1 37 (Pubitemid 29494837)
71. Willis W. D., John Eccles' studies of spinal cord presynaptic inhibition Progress in Neurobiology 2006 78 3-5 189 214 (Pubitemid 43850095)
72. Eccles J. C., Eccles J. C., Schadé J. P., Presynaptic inhibition in the spinal cord Progress in Brain Research 1964 Elsevier 65 91
73. Eccles J., Magni F., Willis W., depolarization of central terminals of Group I afferent fibres from muscle The Journal of Physiology 1962 160 1 62 93
74. Graham B., Redman S., A simulation of action potentials in synaptic boutons during presynaptic inhibition Journal of Neurophysiology 1994 71 2 538 549 (Pubitemid 24068585)
75. Miller R. J., Presynaptic receptors Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 1998 38 201 227 (Pubitemid 28231494)
76. Clements J. D., Forsythe I. D., Redman S. J., Presynaptic inhibition of synaptic potentials evoked in cat spinal motoneurones by impulses in single group Ia axons Journal of Physiology 1987 383 153 169 (Pubitemid 17020334)
77. Rudomin P., In search of lost presynaptic inhibition Experimental Brain Research 2009 196 1 139 151
78. Eccles J. C., The Physiology of Synapses 1964 Berlin, Germany Springer
79. Rudomin P., Jimenez I., Solodkin M., Duenas S., Sites of action of segmental and descending control of transmission on pathways mediating PAD of Ia- and Ib-afferent fibers in cat spinal cord Journal of Neurophysiology 1983 50 4 743 769 (Pubitemid 13023476)
80. Seki K., Perlmutter S. I., Fetz E. E., Sensory input to primate spinal cord is presynaptically inhibited during voluntary movement Nature Neuroscience 2003 6 12 1309 1316 (Pubitemid 37485125)
81. Hongo T., Jankowska E., Lundberg A., The rubrospinal tract. III. Effects on primary afferent terminals Experimental Brain Research 1972 15 1 39 53
82. Nielsen J., Petersen N., Is presynaptic inhibition distributed to corticospinal fibres in man? Journal of Physiology 1994 477 1 47 58 (Pubitemid 24163271)
83. Meunier S., Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Cortical control of presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents in humans Experimental Brain Research 1998 119 4 415 426 (Pubitemid 28159776)
84. Capaday C., Stein R. B., Amplitude modulation of the soleus H-reflex in the human during walking and standing Journal of Neuroscience 1986 6 5 1308 1313 (Pubitemid 16078019)
85. Stein R. B., Capaday C., The modulation of human reflexes during functional motor tasks Trends in Neurosciences 1988 11 7 328 332
86. Hultborn H., Meunier S., Morin C., Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Assessing changes in presynaptic inhibition of Ia fibres: a study in man and the cat Journal of Physiology 1987 389 729 756 (Pubitemid 17115819)
87. Nielsen J., Kagamihara Y., The regulation of presynaptic inhibition during co-contraction of antagonistic muscles in man Journal of Physiology 1993 464 575 593 (Pubitemid 23169333)
88. Iles J. F., EviDence for cutaneous and corticospinal modulation of presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents from the human lower limb Journal of Physiology 1996 491 1 197 207 (Pubitemid 26059560)
89. Nielsen J. B., Sensorimotor integration at spinal level as a basis for muscle coordination during voluntary movement in humans Journal of Applied Physiology 2004 96 5 1961 1967 (Pubitemid 38580026)
90. Prochazka A., Clarac F., Loeb G. E., Rothwell J. C., Wolpaw J. R., What do reflex and voluntary mean? MoDern views on an ancient debate Experimental Brain Research 2000 130 4 417 432 (Pubitemid 30088401)
91. Hultborn H., Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Changes in recurrent inhibition during voluntary soleus contractions in man studied by an H-reflex technique Journal of Physiology 1979 297 229 251 (Pubitemid 10166917)
92. Morita H., Crone C., Christenhuis D., Petersen N. T., Nielsen J. B., Modulation of presynaptic inhibition and disynaptic reciprocal Ia inhibition during voluntary movement in spasticity Brain 2001 124 4 826 837 (Pubitemid 32303840)
93. Kasai T., Kawanishi M., Yahagi S., Posture-depenDent modulation of reciprocal inhibition upon initiation of ankle dorsiflexion in man Brain Research 1998 792 1 159 163 (Pubitemid 28261182)
94. Earles D. R., Dierking J. T., Robertson C. T., Koceja D. M., Pre- and post-synaptic control of motoneuron excitability in athletes Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2002 34 11 1766 1772 (Pubitemid 35283493)
95. Koceja D. M., Trimble M. H., Earles D. R., Inhibition of the soleus H-reflex in standing man Brain Research 1993 629 1 155 158 (Pubitemid 23328800)
96. Mynark R. G., Koceja D. M., Down training of the elDerly soleus H reflex with the use of a spinally induced balance perturbation Journal of Applied Physiology 2002 93 1 127 133 (Pubitemid 34686202)
97. Trimble M. H., Koceja D. M., Modulation of the triceps surae H-reflex with training International Journal of Neuroscience 1994 76 3-4 293 303 (Pubitemid 2116147)
98. Trimble M. H., Koceja D. M., Effect of a reduced base of support in standing and balance training on the soleus H-reflex International Journal of Neuroscience 2001 106 1-2 1 20 (Pubitemid 32099799)
99. Ung R. V., Imbeault M. A., Ethier C., Brizzi L., Capaday C., On the potential role of the corticospinal tract in the control and progressive adaptation of the soleus H-reflex during backward walking Journal of Neurophysiology 2005 94 2 1133 1142 (Pubitemid 41061354)
100. Angulo-Kinzler R. M., Mynark R. G., Koceja D. M., Soleus H-reflex gain in elDerly and young adults: modulation due to body position Journals of Gerontology A 1998 53 2 M120 M125
101. Eichenberger A., Ruegg D. G., Relation between the specific H reflex facilitation preceding a voluntary movement and movement parameters in man Journal of Physiology 1984 347 545 559 (Pubitemid 14058526)
102. Faist M., Dietz V., Pierrot-Deseilligny E., Modulation, probably presynaptic in origin, of monosynaptic Ia excitation during human gait Experimental Brain Research 1996 109 3 441 449 (Pubitemid 26188635)
103. Wolpaw J. R., The complex structure of a simple memory Trends in Neurosciences 1997 20 12 588 594 (Pubitemid 27508973)
104. Thompson A. K., Xiang Y. C., Wolpaw J. R., Acquisition of a simple motor skill: task-depenDent adaptation plus long-term change in the human soleus H-reflex Journal of Neuroscience 2009 29 18 5784 5792
105. Chen Y., Xiang Y. C., Jakeman L. B., Chen L., Stokes B. T., Wolpaw J. R., Operant conditioning of H-reflex can correct a locomotor abnormality after spinal cord injury in rats Journal of Neuroscience 2006 26 48 12537 12543 (Pubitemid 44864518)
106. Thompson A. K., Stein R. B., Chen X. Y., Wolpaw J. R., Modulation in spinal circuits and corticospinal connections following nerve stimulation and operant conditioning Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS '06) September 2006 2138 2141
107. Aagaard P., Simonsen E. B., AnDersen J. L., Magnusson P., Dyhre P., Neural adaptation to resistance training: changes in evoked V-wave and H-reflex responses Journal of Applied Physiology 2002 92 6 2309 2318 (Pubitemid 34666352)
108. Lagerquist O., Zehr E. P., Docherty D., Increased spinal reflex excitability is not associated with neural plasticity unDerlying the cross-education effect Journal of Applied Physiology 2006 100 1 83 90 (Pubitemid 43671093)
109. Feng-Chen K. C., Wolpaw J. R., Operant conditioning of H-reflex changes synaptic terminals on primate motoneurons Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1996 93 17 9206 9211 (Pubitemid 26282042)
110. Wolpaw J. R., O'Keefe J. A., Adaptive plasticity in the primate spinal stretch reflex: eviDence for a two-phase process Journal of Neuroscience 1984 4 11 2718 2724 (Pubitemid 15224415)
111. Xiang Y. C., Carp J. S., Chen L., Wolpaw J. R., Corticospinal tract transection prevents operantly conditioned H-reflex increase in rats Experimental Brain Research 2002 144 1 88 94 (Pubitemid 34439307)
112. Frigon A., Johnson M. D., Heckman C. J., Altered activation patterns by triceps surae stretch reflex pathways in acute and chronic spinal cord injury Journal of Neurophysiology 2011 106 4 1669 1678
113. Barrire G., Frigon A., Leblond H., Provencher J., Rossignol S., Dual spinal lesion paradigm in the cat: evolution of the kinematic locomotor pattern Journal of Neurophysiology 2010 104 2 1119 1133
114. Dy C. J., Gerasimenko Y. P., Edgerton V. R., Dyhre P., Courtine G., Harkema S. J., Phase-depenDent modulation of percutaneously elicited multisegmental muscle responses after spinal cord injury Journal of Neurophysiology 2010 103 5 2808 2820
115. Meunier S., Kwon J., Russmann H., Ravindran S., Mazzocchio R., Cohen L., Spinal use-depenDent plasticity of synaptic transmission in humans after a single cycling session Journal of Physiology 2007 579 2 375 388 (Pubitemid 46351756)
116. Chen X. Y., Wolpaw J. R., Probable corticospinal tract control of spinal cord plasticity in the rat Journal of Neurophysiology 2002 87 2 645 652 (Pubitemid 34670831)
117. Chen X. Y., Chen L., Wolpaw J. R., Conditioned H-reflex increase persists after transection of the main corticospinal tract in rats Journal of Neurophysiology 2003 90 5 3572 3578 (Pubitemid 37430047)
118. Carp J. S., Wolpaw J. R., Motoneuron properties after operantly conditioned increase in primate H- reflex Journal of Neurophysiology 1995 73 4 1365 1373
119. Markram H., Lbke J., Frotscher M., Sakmann B., Regulation of synaptic efficacy by coinciDence of postsynaptic APs and EPSPs Science 1997 275 5297 213 215 (Pubitemid 27034762)
120. Ranclic M., Jiang M. C., Cerne R., Long-term potentiation and long-term depression of primary afferent neurotransmission in the rat spinal cord Journal of Neuroscience 1993 13 12 5228 5241 (Pubitemid 24001008)
121. Pockett S., Long-term potentiation and depression in the intermediate gray matter of rat spinal cord in vitro Neuroscience 1995 67 4 791 798
122. Pockett S., Figurov A., Long-term potentiation and depression in the ventral horn of rat spinal cord in vitro NeuroReport 1993 4 1 97 99 (Pubitemid 23066400)
123. Donchin O., Sawaki L., Madupu G., Cohen L. G., Shadmehr R., Mechanisms influencing acquisition and recall of motor memories Journal of Neurophysiology 2002 88 4 2114 2123 (Pubitemid 35191208)
124. Mazzocchio R., Kitago T., Liuzzi G., Wolpaw J. R., Cohen L. G., Plastic changes in the human H-reflex pathway at rest following skillful cycling training Clinical Neurophysiology 2006 117 8 1682 1691 (Pubitemid 44094257)
125. Knikou M., Plasticity of corticospinal neural control after locomotor training in human spinal cord injury Neural Plasticity 2012 2012 13