메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 140, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 1843-1862

The HWRF Hurricane Ensemble Data Assimilation System (HEDAS) for high-resolution data: The impact of airborne doppler radar observations in an OSSE

Author keywords

Aircraft observations; Data assimilation; Ensembles; Hurricanes; Mesoscale models; Radars Radar observations

Indexed keywords

AIRBORNE DOPPLER RADAR; AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; DOPPLER WINDS; ENSEMBLE DATA ASSIMILATION; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; ENSEMBLES; FORECAST ERRORS; HIGH RESOLUTION; HORIZONTAL GRID SPACING; HURRICANE RESEARCH; MESOSCALE MODEL; MODEL ERRORS; MODEL SPACES; NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION; OBSERVATION SPACE; RADIAL WINDS; SQUARE ROOTS; VORTEX STRUCTURES; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING;

EID: 84864857083     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: 15200493     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00212.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (67)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 77955544969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 10 years of hurricane synoptic surveillance (1997-2006)
    • Aberson, S. D., 2010: 10 years of hurricane synoptic surveillance (1997-2006). Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1536-1549.
    • (2010) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 1536-1549
    • Aberson, S.D.1
  • 3
    • 68249141511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicase comparative assessment of the ensemble Kalman filter for assimilation of radar observations Part I: Storm-scale analyses
    • Aksoy, A., D. Dowell, and C. Snyder, 2009: A multicase comparative assessment of the ensemble Kalman filter for assimilation of radar observations. Part I: Storm-scale analyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 1805-1824.
    • (2009) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.137 , pp. 1805-1824
    • Aksoy, A.1    Dowell, D.2    Snyder, C.3
  • 4
    • 77955524010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicase comparative assessment of the ensemble Kalman filter for assimilation of radar observations Part II: Short-range ensemble forecasts
    • Aksoy, A., D. Dowell, and C. Snyder, 2010: A multicase comparative assessment of the ensemble Kalman filter for assimilation of radar observations. Part II: Short-range ensemble forecasts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1273-1292.
    • (2010) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 1273-1292
    • Aksoy, A.1    Dowell, D.2    Snyder, C.3
  • 5
    • 22444453800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric observations and experiments to assess their usefulness in data assimilation
    • Atlas, R., 1997: Atmospheric observations and experiments to assess their usefulness in data assimilation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 75, 111-130.
    • (1997) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.75 , pp. 111-130
    • Atlas, R.1
  • 6
    • 38049168888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The operational GFDL coupled hurricane-ocean prediction system and a summary of its performance
    • Bender, M. A., I. Ginnis, R. Tuleya, B. Thomas, and T. Marchok, 2007: The operational GFDL coupled hurricane-ocean prediction system and a summary of its performance. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3965-3989.
    • (2007) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 3965-3989
    • Bender, M.A.1    Ginnis, I.2    Tuleya, R.3    Thomas, B.4    Marchok, T.5
  • 7
    • 79955159340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual summary: Atlantic hurricane season of 2009
    • Berg, R. J., and L. A. Avila, 2011: Annual summary: Atlantic hurricane season of 2009. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 1049-1069.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 1049-1069
    • Berg, R.J.1    Avila, L.A.2
  • 8
    • 0030449116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborneDoppler radial velocities
    • Black, M. L., R. W. Burpee, and F. D. Marks Jr., 1996: Vertical motion characteristics of tropical cyclones determined with airborneDoppler radial velocities. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1887-1909.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 1887-1909
    • Black, M.L.1    Burpee, R.W.2    Marks Jr., F.D.3
  • 9
    • 77954374269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual summary: Atlantic hurricane season of 2008
    • Brown, D. P., J. L. Beven, J. L. Franklin, and E. S. Blake, 2010: Annual summary: Atlantic hurricane season of 2008. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 1975-2001.
    • (2010) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.138 , pp. 1975-2001
    • Brown, D.P.1    Beven, J.L.2    Franklin, J.L.3    Blake, E.S.4
  • 11
    • 34247624180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CBLAST-Hurricane Program and the next-generation fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean models for hurricane research and prediction
    • Chen, S. S., J.F.Price,W.Zhao,M.A.Donelan, andE. J.Walsh, 2007: The CBLAST-Hurricane Program and the next-generation fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean models for hurricane research and prediction. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 88, 311-317.
    • (2007) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.88 , pp. 311-317
    • Chen, S.S.1    Price, J.F.2    Zhao, W.3    Donelan, M.A.4    Walsh, E.J.5
  • 12
    • 4444315259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wind and temperature retrievals in the 17 May 1981 Arcadia, Oklahoma, supercell: Ensemble Kalman filter experiments
    • Dowell, D. C., F. Zhang, L. J. Wicker, C. Snyder, and N. A. Crook, 2004: Wind and temperature retrievals in the 17 May 1981 Arcadia, Oklahoma, supercell: Ensemble Kalman filter experiments. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1982-2005.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 1982-2005
    • Dowell, D.C.1    Zhang, F.2    Wicker, L.J.3    Snyder, C.4    Crook, N.A.5
  • 13
    • 79951643932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensemble Kalman filter assimilation of radar observations of the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City supercell: Influences of reflectivity observations on storm-scale analyses
    • Dowell, D. C., L. J. Wicker, and C. Snyder, 2011: Ensemble Kalman filter assimilation of radar observations of the 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City supercell: Influences of reflectivity observations on storm-scale analyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 272-294.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 272-294
    • Dowell, D.C.1    Wicker, L.J.2    Snyder, C.3
  • 14
    • 0024921060 scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of convection observed during the wintermonsoon experiment using amesoscale two-dimensional model
    • Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the wintermonsoon experiment using amesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 3077-3107
    • Dudhia, J.1
  • 15
    • 1442314273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementation of Noah land surface model advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operationalmesoscale Etamodel
    • doi:10.1029/2002JD003296
    • Ek,M. B., K. E. Mitchell, Y. Lin, E. Rogers, P.Grunmann, V. Koren, G. Gayno, and J.D. Tarpley, 2003: Implementation of Noah land surface model advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operationalmesoscale Etamodel. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8851, doi:10.1029/2002JD003296.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 8851
    • Ek, M.B.1    Mitchell, K.E.2    Lin, Y.3    Rogers, E.4    Grunmann, P.5    Koren, V.6    Gayno, G.7    Tarpley, J.D.8
  • 16
    • 0028193070 scopus 로고
    • Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasigeostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics
    • Evensen, G., 1994: Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasigeostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics. J. Geophys. Res., 99 (C5), 10 143- 10 162.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res , vol.99 , Issue.C5
    • Evensen, G.1
  • 18
    • 0010328415 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three airborne Doppler sampling techniques with airborne in situ wind observations in Hurricane Gustav (1990)
    • Gamache, J. F., F. D. Marks Jr., and F. Roux, 1995: Comparison of three airborne Doppler sampling techniques with airborne in situ wind observations in Hurricane Gustav (1990). J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 12, 171-181.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.12 , pp. 171-181
    • Gamache, J.F.1    Marks Jr., F.D.2    Roux, F.3
  • 19
    • 0033023511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of correlation functions in two and three dimensions
    • Gaspari, G., and S. E. Cohn, 1999: Construction of correlation functions in two and three dimensions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 125, 723-757.
    • (1999) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.125 , pp. 723-757
    • Gaspari, G.1    Cohn, S.E.2
  • 20
    • 0036645978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An operational multiscale hurricane forecasting system
    • Gopalakrishnan, S. G., and Coauthors, 2002: An operational multiscale hurricane forecasting system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1830-1847.
    • (2002) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 1830-1847
    • Gopalakrishnan, S.G.1
  • 22
    • 78651083069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The experimental HWRF system: A study on the influence of horizontal resolution on the structure and intensity changes in tropical cyclones using an idealized framework
    • Gopalakrishnan, S. G., F. Marks Jr., X. Zhang, J.-W. Bao, K.-S. Yeh, and R. Atlas, 2011: The experimental HWRF system: A study on the influence of horizontal resolution on the structure and intensity changes in tropical cyclones using an idealized framework. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 1762-1784.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 1762-1784
    • Gopalakrishnan, S.G.1    Marks Jr., F.2    Zhang, X.3    Bao, J.-W.4    Yeh, K.-S.5    Atlas, R.6
  • 23
    • 27744494106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accounting for the error due to unresolved scales in ensemble data assimilation: A comparison of different approaches
    • Hamill, T.M., and J. S.Whitaker, 2005:Accounting for the error due to unresolved scales in ensemble data assimilation: A comparison of different approaches. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 3132-3147.
    • (2005) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.133 , pp. 3132-3147
    • Hamill, T.M.1    Whitaker, J.S.2
  • 24
    • 78650977787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global ensemble predictions of 2009's tropical cyclones initialized with an ensemble Kalman filter
    • Hamill, T.M., J. S.Whitaker, M. Fiorino, and S. G. Benjamin, 2011: Global ensemble predictions of 2009's tropical cyclones initialized with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 668-688.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 668-688
    • Hamill, T.M.1    Whitaker, J.S.2    Fiorino, M.3    Benjamin, S.G.4
  • 25
    • 0001704660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion in a medium-range forecast model
    • Hong, S.-Y., and H.-L. Pan, 1996: Nonlocal boundary layer vertical diffusion in a medium-range forecast model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 2322-2339.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.124 , pp. 2322-2339
    • Hong, S.-Y.1    Pan, H.-L.2
  • 26
    • 0032452896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective trigger function for a mass-flux cumulus parameterization scheme
    • Hong, S.-Y., and H.-L. Pan, 1998: Convective trigger function for a mass-flux cumulus parameterization scheme. Mon.Wea. Rev., 126, 2599- 2620.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 2599-2620
    • Hong, S.-Y.1    Pan, H.-L.2
  • 27
    • 0032024819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter technique
    • Houtekamer, P. L., and H. L. Mitchell, 1998: Data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter technique. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 796-811.
    • (1998) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.126 , pp. 796-811
    • Houtekamer, P.L.1    Mitchell, H.L.2
  • 28
  • 30
    • 77953569301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A revised tropical cyclone rapid intensification index for the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basins
    • Kaplan, J., M. DeMaria, and J. A. Knaff, 2010: A revised tropical cyclone rapid intensification index for the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basins. Wea. Forecasting, 25, 220-241.
    • (2010) Wea. Forecasting , vol.25 , pp. 220-241
    • Kaplan, J.1    DeMaria, M.2    Knaff, J.A.3
  • 31
    • 14744296590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reexamining the near-core radial structure of the tropical cyclone primary circulation: Implications for vortex resiliency
    • Mallen, K. J., M. T. Montgomery, and B. Wang, 2005: Reexamining the near-core radial structure of the tropical cyclone primary circulation: Implications for vortex resiliency. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 408-425.
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 408-425
    • Mallen, K.J.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Wang, B.3
  • 32
    • 79960730868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limited-area ensemble-based data assimilation
    • Meng, Z., and F. Zhang, 2011: Limited-area ensemble-based data assimilation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 2025-2045.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 2025-2045
    • Meng, Z.1    Zhang, F.2
  • 33
    • 0000453046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave
    • Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res , vol.102 , Issue.D14
    • Mlawer, E.J.1    Taubman, S.J.2    Brown, P.D.3    Iacono, M.J.4    Clough, S.A.5
  • 34
    • 34548254483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A physicsbased parameterization of air-sea momentum flux at high wind speeds and its impact on hurricane intensity predictions
    • Moon, I.-J., I. Ginnis, T. Hara, and B. Thomas, 2007: A physicsbased parameterization of air-sea momentum flux at high wind speeds and its impact on hurricane intensity predictions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 2869-2878.
    • (2007) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.135 , pp. 2869-2878
    • Moon, I.-J.1    Ginnis, I.2    Hara, T.3    Thomas, B.4
  • 36
    • 55349145291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropicalcyclone intensification and predictability in three dimensions
    • Nguyen, S. V., R. K. Smith, and M. T. Montgomery, 2008: Tropicalcyclone intensification and predictability in three dimensions. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 134, 563-582.
    • (2008) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.134 , pp. 563-582
    • Nguyen, S.V.1    Smith, R.K.2    Montgomery, M.T.3
  • 37
    • 80051804204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics and structure of forecast error covariance in the core of a developing hurricane
    • Poterjoy, J., and F. Zhang, 2011: Dynamics and structure of forecast error covariance in the core of a developing hurricane. J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 1586-1606.
    • (2011) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.68 , pp. 1586-1606
    • Poterjoy, J.1    Zhang, F.2
  • 38
    • 73549121744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of airborne Doppler radar data assimilation on the numerical simulation of intensity changes of Hurricane Dennis near a landfall
    • Pu, Z., X. Li, and J. Sun, 2009: Impact of airborne Doppler radar data assimilation on the numerical simulation of intensity changes of Hurricane Dennis near a landfall. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3351-3365.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 3351-3365
    • Pu, Z.1    Li, X.2    Sun, J.3
  • 39
    • 69949139917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advances and challenges at theNationalHurricane Center
    • Rappaport, E. N., and Coauthors, 2009: Advances and challenges at theNationalHurricane Center. Wea. Forecasting, 24, 395-419.
    • (2009) Wea. Forecasting , vol.24 , pp. 395-419
    • Rappaport, E.N.1
  • 40
    • 0442281331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new look at the problem of tropical cyclones in vertical shear flow: Vortex resiliency
    • Reasor, P. D., M. T. Montgomery, and L. D. Grasso, 2004: A new look at the problem of tropical cyclones in vertical shear flow: Vortex resiliency. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 3-22.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.61 , pp. 3-22
    • Reasor, P.D.1    Montgomery, M.T.2    Grasso, L.D.3
  • 41
    • 77953273132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective-scale structure and evolution during a high-resolution simulation of tropical cyclone rapid intensification
    • Rogers, R., 2010: Convective-scale structure and evolution during a high-resolution simulation of tropical cyclone rapid intensification. J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 44-70.
    • (2010) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 44-70
    • Rogers, R.1
  • 42
    • 84855790445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiscale analysis of tropical cyclone kinematic structure from airborne Doppler radar composites
    • Rogers, R., S. Lorsolo, P. Reasor, J. Gamache, and F. Marks, 2012: Multiscale analysis of tropical cyclone kinematic structure from airborne Doppler radar composites. Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 77-99.
    • (2012) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.140 , pp. 77-99
    • Rogers, R.1    Lorsolo, S.2    Reasor, P.3    Gamache, J.4    Marks, F.5
  • 43
    • 0141571533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assimilation of simulated Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter
    • Snyder, C., and F. Zhang, 2003: Assimilation of simulated Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 1663-1677.
    • (2003) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.131 , pp. 1663-1677
    • Snyder, C.1    Zhang, F.2
  • 44
    • 84863229684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assimilating airborneDoppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter for convectionpermitting hurricane initialization and prediction: Katrina (2005)
    • Weng, Y., and F. Zhang, 2012: Assimilating airborneDoppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter for convectionpermitting hurricane initialization and prediction: Katrina (2005). Mon. Wea. Rev., 140, 841-859.
    • (2012) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.140 , pp. 841-859
    • Weng, Y.1    Zhang, F.2
  • 45
    • 0036646009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ensemble data assimilation without perturbed observations
    • Whitaker, J., and T. M. Hamill, 2002: Ensemble data assimilation without perturbed observations. Mon. Wea. Rev., 130, 1913-1924.
    • (2002) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.130 , pp. 1913-1924
    • Whitaker, J.1    Hamill, T.M.2
  • 47
    • 33846794790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An approach of radar reflectivity data assimilation and its assessment with the inland QPF of Typhoon Rusa (2002) at landfall
    • Xiao, Q., Y.-H. Kuo, J. Sun, W.-C. Lee, D. Barker, and E. Lim, 2007: An approach of radar reflectivity data assimilation and its assessment with the inland QPF of Typhoon Rusa (2002) at landfall. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 46, 14-22.
    • (2007) J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. , vol.46 , pp. 14-22
    • Xiao, Q.1    Kuo, Y.-H.2    Sun, J.3    Lee, W.-C.4    Barker, D.5    Lim, E.6
  • 48
    • 70350772498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiments of hurricane initialization with airborne Doppler radar data for the Advanced Research Hurricane WRF (AHW) model
    • Xiao, Q, Z. Zhang, C. Davis, J.Tuttle,G.Holland, andP. J.Fitzpatrick, 2009: Experiments of hurricane initialization with airborne Doppler radar data for the Advanced Research Hurricane WRF (AHW) model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2758-2777.
    • (2009) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.137 , pp. 2758-2777
    • Xiao, Q.1    Zhang, Z.2    Davis, C.3    Tuttle, J.4    Holland, G.5    Fitzpatrick, P.J.6
  • 49
    • 2442717392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of initial estimate and observation availability on convective-scale data assimilation with an ensemble Kalman filter
    • Zhang, F., C. Snyder, and J. Sun, 2004: Impacts of initial estimate and observation availability on convective-scale data assimilation with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1238-1253.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 1238-1253
    • Zhang, F.1    Snyder, C.2    Sun, J.3
  • 50
    • 68249160487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloudresolving hurricane initialization and prediction through assimilation of Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter
    • Zhang, F, Y.Weng, J. A. Sippel, Z. Meng, and C. Bishop, 2009: Cloudresolving hurricane initialization and prediction through assimilation of Doppler radar observations with an ensemble Kalman filter. Mon. Wea. Rev., 137, 2105-2125.
    • (2009) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.137 , pp. 2105-2125
    • Zhang, F.1    Weng, Y.2    Sippel, J.A.3    Meng, Z.4    Bishop, C.5
  • 51
    • 80051707088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of convection-permitting hurricane initialization and prediction during 2008-2010 with ensemble data assimilation of innercore airborne Doppler radar observations
    • doi:10.1029/2011GL048469
    • Zhang, F, Y.Weng,, J. F. Gamache, and F. D. Marks, 2011: Performance of convection-permitting hurricane initialization and prediction during 2008-2010 with ensemble data assimilation of innercore airborne Doppler radar observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L15810, doi:10.1029/2011GL048469.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38
    • Zhang, F.1    Weng, Y.2    Gamache, J.F.3    Marks, F.D.4
  • 52
    • 80052411401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the characteristic height scales of the hurricane boundary layer
    • Zhang, J. A., R. F. Rogers, D. S. Nolan, and F. D. Marks Jr., 2011: On the characteristic height scales of the hurricane boundary layer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 139, 2523-2535.
    • (2011) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.139 , pp. 2523-2535
    • Zhang, J.A.1    Rogers, R.F.2    Nolan, D.S.3    Marks Jr., F.D.4
  • 53
    • 54249157941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution radar data assimilation for Hurricane Isabel (2003) at landfall
    • Zhao, Q., and Y. Jin, 2008: High-resolution radar data assimilation for Hurricane Isabel (2003) at landfall. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 89, 1355-1372.
    • (2008) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.89 , pp. 1355-1372
    • Zhao, Q.1    Jin, Y.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.