메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 61-73

The potential for BRAF V600 inhibitors in advanced cutaneous melanoma: Rationale and latest evidence

Author keywords

BRAF inhibitor; BRAF V600E; cutaneous melanoma; ipilimumab; MEK inhibitor; resistance; vemurafenib

Indexed keywords

2 (2 AMINO 3 METHOXYPHENYL)CHROMONE; 2 (2 CHLORO 4 IODOANILINO) N CYCLOPROPYLMETHOXY 3,4 DIFLUOROBENZAMIDE; B RAF KINASE; B RAF KINASE INHIBITOR; CARBOPLATIN; CHIR 265; CYCLIN D1; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 4; DABRAFENIB; DACARBAZINE; DOCETAXEL; GSK 436; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 1; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3; N (2,3 DIHYDROXYPROPOXY) 3,4 DIFLUORO 2 (2 FLUORO 4 IODOANILINO)BENZAMIDE; N [3 (5 CHLORO 1H PYRROLO[2,3 B]PYRIDINE 3 CARBONYL) 2,4 DIFLUOROPHENYL]PROPANESULFONAMIDE; PACLITAXEL; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR; SELUMETINIB; SORAFENIB; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TEMSIROLIMUS; TRAMETINIB; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UO 126; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 2; VASCULOTROPIN RECEPTOR 3; VEMURAFENIB;

EID: 84864464474     PISSN: 17588340     EISSN: 17588359     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1758834011432949     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (27)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 43749103335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of the oral, small-molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) in patients with advanced cancers
    • Adjei A.A. Cohen R.B. Franklin W. Morris C. Wilson D. Molina J.R. et al. (2008) Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of the oral, small-molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) in patients with advanced cancers. J Clin Oncol 26: 2139–2146.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , pp. 2139-2146
    • Adjei, A.A.1    Cohen, R.B.2    Franklin, W.3    Morris, C.4    Wilson, D.5    Molina, J.R.6
  • 2
    • 79551595779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting BRAF for patients with melanoma
    • Arkenau H.-T. Kefford R. Long G.V. (2010) Targeting BRAF for patients with melanoma. Br J Cancer 104: 392–398.
    • (2010) Br J Cancer , vol.104 , pp. 392-398
    • Arkenau, H.-T.1    Kefford, R.2    Long, G.V.3
  • 3
    • 0035880957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic factors analysis of 17 600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system
    • Balch C.M. Soong S.J. Gershenwald J.E. Thompson J.F. Reintgen D.S. Cascinelli N. et al. (2001) Prognostic factors analysis of 17 600 melanoma patients: validation of the American Joint Committee on Cancer melanoma staging system. J Clin Oncol 19: 3622–3634.
    • (2001) J Clin Oncol , vol.19 , pp. 3622-3634
    • Balch, C.M.1    Soong, S.J.2    Gershenwald, J.E.3    Thompson, J.F.4    Reintgen, D.S.5    Cascinelli, N.6
  • 4
    • 84857723368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular testing for BRAF V 600 mutations in the BRIM-2 trial of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in metastatic melanoma
    • abstract 10523
    • Bloom K.J. Anderson S.M. Schilling R.C. Lee J.R. Halait H. Cheng S. et al. (2011) Molecular testing for BRAF V 600 mutations in the BRIM-2 trial of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Bloom, K.J.1    Anderson, S.M.2    Schilling, R.C.3    Lee, J.R.4    Halait, H.5    Cheng, S.6
  • 5
    • 77954373338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective BRAF V600E inhibition enhances T-cell recognition of melanoma without affecting lymphocyte function
    • Boni A. Cogdill A.P. Dang P. Udayakumar D. Njauw C.N. Sloss C.M. et al. (2010) Selective BRAF V600E inhibition enhances T-cell recognition of melanoma without affecting lymphocyte function. Cancer Res 70: 5213–5219.
    • (2010) Cancer Res , vol.70 , pp. 5213-5219
    • Boni, A.1    Cogdill, A.P.2    Dang, P.3    Udayakumar, D.4    Njauw, C.N.5    Sloss, C.M.6
  • 6
    • 0142211228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation in B-raf in human choroidal melanoma cell lines mediates cell proliferation and transformation through the MEK / ERK pathway
    • Calipel A. Lefevre G. Pouponnot C. Mouriaux F. Eychene A. Mascarelli F. (2003) Mutation in B-raf in human choroidal melanoma cell lines mediates cell proliferation and transformation through the MEK / ERK pathway. J Biol Chem 278: 42409–42418.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 42409-42418
    • Calipel, A.1    Lefevre, G.2    Pouponnot, C.3    Mouriaux, F.4    Eychene, A.5    Mascarelli, F.6
  • 7
    • 84993711119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer Research UK
    • Available at (accessed 29 November 2011).
    • Cancer Research UK (2010) Skin Cancer – UK Incidence Statistics. Available at: http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/skin/incidence/ (accessed 29 November 2011).
    • (2010) Skin Cancer – UK Incidence Statistics
  • 8
    • 84863898364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of FDG-PET response to GSK2118436, an inhibitor of oncogenic mutant BRAF-kinase in BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma
    • abstract 10523
    • Carlino M.S. Saunders C.A. Gebski V. Menzies A.M. Ma B. Lebowitz P.F. et al (2011) Heterogeneity of FDG-PET response to GSK2118436, an inhibitor of oncogenic mutant BRAF-kinase in BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Carlino, M.S.1    Saunders, C.A.2    Gebski, V.3    Menzies, A.M.4    Ma, B.5    Lebowitz, P.F.6
  • 9
    • 0032858487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase III multicenter randomized trial of the Dartmouth regimen versus dacarbazine in patients with metastatic melanoma
    • Chapman P.B. Einhorh L.H. Meyers M.L. Saxman S. Destro A.N. Panageas K.S. et al. (1999) Phase III multicenter randomized trial of the Dartmouth regimen versus dacarbazine in patients with metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 17: 2745–2751.
    • (1999) J Clin Oncol , vol.17 , pp. 2745-2751
    • Chapman, P.B.1    Einhorh, L.H.2    Meyers, M.L.3    Saxman, S.4    Destro, A.N.5    Panageas, K.S.6
  • 11
    • 84856988252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of mutations associated with targeted therapy in malignant melanoma patients
    • abstract 10523
    • Cheng S. Chu P. Hinshaw M. Smith K. Maize J. Sferruzza A. (2011) Frequency of mutations associated with targeted therapy in malignant melanoma patients. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Cheng, S.1    Chu, P.2    Hinshaw, M.3    Smith, K.4    Maize, J.5    Sferruzza, A.6
  • 13
    • 37249013214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClinicalTrials.gov
    • ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01227889, ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier NCT00936221, ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier NCT01256359, ClinicalTrials. gov Identifier NCT01166126 accessed 29 November 2011).
    • ClinicalTrials.gov (2011) www.clinicaltrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01227889, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00936221, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01256359, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01166126 accessed 29 November 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 14
    • 78649436372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF gene amplification can promote acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors in cancer cells harbouring the BRAF V600E mutation
    • ra84
    • Corcoran R.B. Dias-Santagata D. Bergethon K. Iafrate J. Settleman J. Engelman J.A. (2010) BRAF gene amplification can promote acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors in cancer cells harbouring the BRAF V600E mutation. Sci Signal 3: ra84.
    • (2010) Sci Signal , vol.3
    • Corcoran, R.B.1    Dias-Santagata, D.2    Bergethon, K.3    Iafrate, J.4    Settleman, J.5    Engelman, J.A.6
  • 15
    • 80053307869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential therapetuic strategies to overcome acquired resistance to BRAF or MEK inhibitors in BRAF mutant cancers
    • Corcoran R.B. Settleman J. Engelman J.A. (2011) Potential therapetuic strategies to overcome acquired resistance to BRAF or MEK inhibitors in BRAF mutant cancers. Oncotarget 2: 336–346.
    • (2011) Oncotarget , vol.2 , pp. 336-346
    • Corcoran, R.B.1    Settleman, J.2    Engelman, J.A.3
  • 16
    • 33749021085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic activation of KIT in distinct subtypes of melanoma
    • Curtin J.A. Busam K. Pinkel D. Bastian B.C. (2006) Somatic activation of KIT in distinct subtypes of melanoma. J Clin Oncol 24: 4340–4346.
    • (2006) J Clin Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 4340-4346
    • Curtin, J.A.1    Busam, K.2    Pinkel, D.3    Bastian, B.C.4
  • 19
    • 65649090993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF signalling and targeted therapies in melanoma
    • Dhomen N. Marais R. (2009) BRAF signalling and targeted therapies in melanoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 23: 529–545.
    • (2009) Hematol Oncol Clin North Am , vol.23 , pp. 529-545
    • Dhomen, N.1    Marais, R.2
  • 20
    • 65649108998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) vs temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with advanced melanoma: an open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase II study
    • abstract 10523
    • Dummer R. Robert C. Chapman P.B. Sosman J.A. Middleton M. Bastholt L. et al. (2008) AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) vs temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with advanced melanoma: an open-label, randomized, multicenter, phase II study. J Clin Oncol 26(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26
    • Dummer, R.1    Robert, C.2    Chapman, P.B.3    Sosman, J.A.4    Middleton, M.5    Bastholt, L.6
  • 21
    • 33845592531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NRAS and BRAF mutations in melanoma tumours in relation to clinical characteristics: a study based on mutation screening by pyrosequencing
    • Edlundh-Rose E. Egyhazi S. Omholt K. Mansson-Brahme E. Platz A. Hansson J. et al. (2006) NRAS and BRAF mutations in melanoma tumours in relation to clinical characteristics: a study based on mutation screening by pyrosequencing. Melanoma Res 16: 471–478.
    • (2006) Melanoma Res , vol.16 , pp. 471-478
    • Edlundh-Rose, E.1    Egyhazi, S.2    Omholt, K.3    Mansson-Brahme, E.4    Platz, A.5    Hansson, J.6
  • 22
    • 0347503603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palliative therapy of disseminated malignant melanoma: a systematic review of 41 randomized clinical trials
    • Eigentler T.K. Caroli U.M. Radny P. Garbe C. (2003) Palliative therapy of disseminated malignant melanoma: a systematic review of 41 randomized clinical trials. Lancet Oncol 4: 748–759.
    • (2003) Lancet Oncol , vol.4 , pp. 748-759
    • Eigentler, T.K.1    Caroli, U.M.2    Radny, P.3    Garbe, C.4
  • 23
    • 33748325763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sorafenib in advanced melanoma: a phase II randomised discontinuation trial analysis
    • Eisen T. Ahmad T. Flaherty K.T. Gore M. Kaye S. Marais R. et al. (2006) Sorafenib in advanced melanoma: a phase II randomised discontinuation trial analysis. Br J Cancer 95: 581–586.
    • (2006) Br J Cancer , vol.95 , pp. 581-586
    • Eisen, T.1    Ahmad, T.2    Flaherty, K.T.3    Gore, M.4    Kaye, S.5    Marais, R.6
  • 24
    • 73949083834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEK 1 mutations confer resistance to MEK and BRAF inhibition
    • Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
    • Emery C.M. Vijayendram K.G. Zipser M.C. Sawyer A.M. Niu L. Kim J.J. et al. (2009) MEK 1 mutations confer resistance to MEK and BRAF inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106: 20411–20416.
    • (2009) , vol.106 , pp. 20411-20416
    • Emery, C.M.1    Vijayendram, K.G.2    Zipser, M.C.3    Sawyer, A.M.4    Niu, L.5    Kim, J.J.6
  • 26
    • 79953844450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it good or bad to find a BRAF mutation?
    • Flaherty K.T. (2011) Is it good or bad to find a BRAF mutation? J Clin Oncol 29: 1229–1230.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 1229-1230
    • Flaherty, K.T.1
  • 28
    • 78449275389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal and treatment-induced activation of AKT mediates resistance to cell death by AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) in Braf-mutant cutaneous melanoma cells
    • Gopal Y.N.V. Deng W. Woodman S.E. Komurov K. Ram P. Smith P.D. et al. (2010) Basal and treatment-induced activation of AKT mediates resistance to cell death by AZD 6244 (ARRY-142886) in Braf-mutant cutaneous melanoma cells. Cancer Res 70: 8736–8747.
    • (2010) Cancer Res , vol.70 , pp. 8736-8747
    • Gopal, Y.N.V.1    Deng, W.2    Woodman, S.E.3    Komurov, K.4    Ram, P.5    Smith, P.D.6
  • 29
    • 67649909568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of a phase III, randomized placebo-controlled study of sorafenib in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as second-line treatment in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma
    • Hauschild A. Agarwala S.S. Trefzer U. Hogg D. Robert C. Hersey P. et al. (2009) Results of a phase III, randomized placebo-controlled study of sorafenib in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as second-line treatment in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma. J Clin Oncol 27: 2823–2830.
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , pp. 2823-2830
    • Hauschild, A.1    Agarwala, S.S.2    Trefzer, U.3    Hogg, D.4    Robert, C.5    Hersey, P.6
  • 31
    • 31544442670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic BRAF is required for tumor growth and maintenance in melanoma models
    • Hoeflich K.P. Gray D.C. Eby M.T. Tien J.Y. Wong L. Bower J. et al. (2006) Oncogenic BRAF is required for tumor growth and maintenance in melanoma models. Cancer Res 66: 999–1006.
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , pp. 999-1006
    • Hoeflich, K.P.1    Gray, D.C.2    Eby, M.T.3    Tien, J.Y.4    Wong, L.5    Bower, J.6
  • 32
    • 2942607408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constitutive activation of the Ras-Raf signalling pathway in metastatic melanoma is associated with poor prognosis
    • Houben R. Becker J.C. Kappel A. Terheyden P. Brocker E. Goetz R. et al. (2004) Constitutive activation of the Ras-Raf signalling pathway in metastatic melanoma is associated with poor prognosis. J Carcinog 3: 6.
    • (2004) J Carcinog , vol.3 , pp. 6
    • Houben, R.1    Becker, J.C.2    Kappel, A.3    Terheyden, P.4    Brocker, E.5    Goetz, R.6
  • 33
    • 80053154225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I / II study to assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of the oral MEK1/2 inhibitor GSK 1120212 dosed in combination with the oral BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436
    • abstract CRA8503.
    • Infante J. Falchook G. Lawrence D. Weber J.S. Kefford R.F. Bendell J.C. et al. (2011) Phase I / II study to assess safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of the oral MEK1/2 inhibitor GSK 1120212 dosed in combination with the oral BRAF inhibitor GSK2118436. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract CRA8503.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Infante, J.1    Falchook, G.2    Lawrence, D.3    Weber, J.S.4    Kefford, R.F.5    Bendell, J.C.6
  • 34
    • 77958503710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy results from the first-in-human study of the oral MEK 1 / 2 inhibitor GSK1120212
    • abstract
    • Infante J.R. Fecher L.A. Nallapareddy S. Gordon M.S. Flaherty K.T. Cox D.S. et al. (2010) Safety and efficacy results from the first-in-human study of the oral MEK 1 / 2 inhibitor GSK1120212. J Clin Oncol 28(Suppl.): abstract 2503.
    • (2010) J Clin Oncol , vol.28
    • Infante, J.R.1    Fecher, L.A.2    Nallapareddy, S.3    Gordon, M.S.4    Flaherty, K.T.5    Cox, D.S.6
  • 35
    • 80052552359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with BRAF and NRAS mutations in metastatic melanoma
    • abstract 10523
    • Jakob J.A. Bassett R.L. Ng C.S. Lazar A.J.F. Alvarado G.C. Rohlfs M.L. et al. (2011) Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with BRAF and NRAS mutations in metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Jakob, J.A.1    Bassett, R.L.2    Ng, C.S.3    Lazar, A.J.F.4    Alvarado, G.C.5    Rohlfs, M.L.6
  • 36
    • 79951818749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MEK-independent survival of B-RAF V600E melanoma cells selected for resistance to apoptosis induced by the RAF inhibitor PLX4720
    • Jiang C.C. Lai F. Thorne R.F. Yang F. Liu H. Hersey P. Zhang X.D. (2011) MEK-independent survival of B-RAF V600E melanoma cells selected for resistance to apoptosis induced by the RAF inhibitor PLX4720. Clin Cancer Res 17: 721–730.
    • (2011) Clin Cancer Res , vol.17 , pp. 721-730
    • Jiang, C.C.1    Lai, F.2    Thorne, R.F.3    Yang, F.4    Liu, H.5    Hersey, P.6    Zhang, X.D.7
  • 37
    • 78650309875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COT drives resistance to RAF inhibition through MAP kinase pathway reactivation
    • Johannessen C.M. Boehm J.S. Kim S.Y. Thomas S.R. Wardwell L. Johnson L.A. et al. (2010) COT drives resistance to RAF inhibition through MAP kinase pathway reactivation. Nature 468: 968–972.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.468 , pp. 968-972
    • Johannessen, C.M.1    Boehm, J.S.2    Kim, S.Y.3    Thomas, S.R.4    Wardwell, L.5    Johnson, L.A.6
  • 39
    • 84993805272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meeting report from the 7th International Melanoma Congress, Sydney
    • November Pigment Cell Mel Res
    • Kefford R. (2010) Meeting report from the 7th International Melanoma Congress, Sydney, November, 2010. Pigment Cell Mel Res 24: e1–e15.
    • (2010) , vol.24 , pp. e1-e15
    • Kefford, R.1
  • 40
    • 77957350123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I / II study of GSK2118436, a selective inhibitor of oncogenic mutant BRAF kinase, in patients with metastatic melanoma and other solid tumours
    • abstract 10523
    • Kefford R. Arkenau H. Brown M.P. Millward M. Infante J.R. Long G.V. et al. (2010) Phase I / II study of GSK2118436, a selective inhibitor of oncogenic mutant BRAF kinase, in patients with metastatic melanoma and other solid tumours. J Clin Oncol 28(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2010) J Clin Oncol , vol.28
    • Kefford, R.1    Arkenau, H.2    Brown, M.P.3    Millward, M.4    Infante, J.R.5    Long, G.V.6
  • 41
    • 79953240219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the driving oncogene, KRAS or BRAF, underpins acquired resistance to MEK1/2 inhibitors in colorectal cancer cells
    • ra17
    • Little A.S. Balmanno K. Sale M.J. Newman S. Dry J.R. Hampson M. et al. (2011) Amplification of the driving oncogene, KRAS or BRAF, underpins acquired resistance to MEK1/2 inhibitors in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Signal 4: ra17.
    • (2011) Sci Signal , vol.4
    • Little, A.S.1    Balmanno, K.2    Sale, M.J.3    Newman, S.4    Dry, J.R.5    Hampson, M.6
  • 42
    • 33947230256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct clinical and pathological features are associated with the BRAF(T1799A(V600E)) mutation in primary melanoma
    • Liu W. Kelly J.W. Trivett M. Murray W.K. Dowling J.P. Wolfe R. et al. (2006) Distinct clinical and pathological features are associated with the BRAF(T1799A(V600E)) mutation in primary melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 127: 900–905.
    • (2006) J Invest Dermatol , vol.127 , pp. 900-905
    • Liu, W.1    Kelly, J.W.2    Trivett, M.3    Murray, W.K.4    Dowling, J.P.5    Wolfe, R.6
  • 43
    • 84978034236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic and clinicopathologic associations of oncogenic BRAF in metastatic melanoma
    • Long G.V. Menzies A.M. Nagrial A.M. Haydu L.E. Hamilton A.L. Mann G.J. et al. (2011 a) Prognostic and clinicopathologic associations of oncogenic BRAF in metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 29: 1239–1246.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 1239-1246
    • Long, G.V.1    Menzies, A.M.2    Nagrial, A.M.3    Haydu, L.E.4    Hamilton, A.L.5    Mann, G.J.6
  • 44
    • 84857009759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) changes in metastatic melanoma (MM) tissue and associations with clinical outcome in patients on BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi)
    • abstract 10523
    • Long G.V. Wilmott J.S. Howle J.R. Chatfield M.D. Tembe V. Thompson J.F. et al. (2011 b) Morphologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) changes in metastatic melanoma (MM) tissue and associations with clinical outcome in patients on BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Long, G.V.1    Wilmott, J.S.2    Howle, J.R.3    Chatfield, M.D.4    Tembe, V.5    Thompson, J.F.6
  • 45
    • 79953891558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1 / 2 study of GSK2118436, a selective inhibitor of V 600 mutant (Mut)
    • BRAF kinase evidence of activity in melanoma brain metastases (Mets). abstract LBA27.
    • Long G.V. Kefford R.F. Carr P.J.A. Brown M.P. Curtis M. Ma B. et al. (2010) Phase 1 / 2 study of GSK2118436, a selective inhibitor of V 600 mutant (Mut) BRAF kinase: evidence of activity in melanoma brain metastases (Mets). Ann Oncol 21(Suppl. 8): abstract LBA27.
    • (2010) Ann Oncol , vol.21
    • Long, G.V.1    Kefford, R.F.2    Carr, P.J.A.3    Brown, M.P.4    Curtis, M.5    Ma, B.6
  • 46
    • 31544450194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase 1–2 clinical study of a second generation oral MEK inhibitor, PD 0325901, in patients with advanced cancer
    • Lorusso P.M. Krishnamurthy S. Rinehart J. Nabell L. Croghan G. Varterasian M. et al. (2005) A phase 1–2 clinical study of a second generation oral MEK inhibitor, PD 0325901, in patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 23: 3011.
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , pp. 3011
    • Lorusso, P.M.1    Krishnamurthy, S.2    Rinehart, J.3    Nabell, L.4    Croghan, G.5    Varterasian, M.6
  • 48
    • 83555168566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analyses from a phase 1 trial of vemurafenib to study mechanism of action and resistance in repeated biopsies from BRAF mutation positive metastatic melanoma patients
    • abstract 10523
    • McArthur G. Ribas A. Chapman P.B. Flaherty K.T. Kim K.B. Puzanov I. et al. (2011) Molecular analyses from a phase 1 trial of vemurafenib to study mechanism of action and resistance in repeated biopsies from BRAF mutation positive metastatic melanoma patients. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • McArthur, G.1    Ribas, A.2    Chapman, P.B.3    Flaherty, K.T.4    Kim, K.B.5    Puzanov, I.6
  • 49
    • 43749110700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind randomized phase II study of the combination of sorafenib and dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma: a report from the 11715 Study Group
    • McDermott D.F. Sosman J.A. Gonzalez R. Hodi F.S. Linette G.P. Richards J. et al. (2008) Double-blind randomized phase II study of the combination of sorafenib and dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma: a report from the 11715 Study Group. J Clin Oncol 26: 2178–2185.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , pp. 2178-2185
    • McDermott, D.F.1    Sosman, J.A.2    Gonzalez, R.3    Hodi, F.S.4    Linette, G.P.5    Richards, J.6
  • 52
    • 0033989205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized phase III study of temozolomide versus dacarbazine in the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma
    • Middleton M.R. Grob J.J. Aaronson N. Fierlbeck G. Tilgen W. Seiter S. et al. (2000) Randomized phase III study of temozolomide versus dacarbazine in the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic malignant melanoma. J Clin Oncol 18: 158–166.
    • (2000) J Clin Oncol , vol.18 , pp. 158-166
    • Middleton, M.R.1    Grob, J.J.2    Aaronson, N.3    Fierlbeck, G.4    Tilgen, W.5    Seiter, S.6
  • 53
    • 49649118852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated CRAF as a potential mechanism of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition in melanoma
    • Montagut C. Sharma S.V. Shioda T. McDermott U. Ulman M. Ulkus L.E. et al. (2008) Elevated CRAF as a potential mechanism of acquired resistance to BRAF inhibition in melanoma. Cancer Res 68: 4853–4861.
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , pp. 4853-4861
    • Montagut, C.1    Sharma, S.V.2    Shioda, T.3    McDermott, U.4    Ulman, M.5    Ulkus, L.E.6
  • 54
    • 84859462561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor genetic analyses of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with the BRAF inhibitor GSK 2118436 (GSK436)
    • abstract 10523
    • Nathanson K.L. Martin A. Letrero R. D'Andrea K.P. O'Day S. Infante J.R. et al. (2011) Tumor genetic analyses of patients with metastatic melanoma treated with the BRAF inhibitor GSK 2118436 (GSK436). J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): abstract 10523.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29
    • Nathanson, K.L.1    Martin, A.2    Letrero, R.3    D'Andrea, K.P.4    O'Day, S.5    Infante, J.R.6
  • 55
    • 84993749888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Cancer Institute
    • Available at (accessed November
    • National Cancer Institute (2010) A Snapshot of Melanoma. Available at: www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/servingpeople/snapshots/melanoma.pdf (accessed 29 November 2011).
    • (2010) A Snapshot of Melanoma
  • 56
    • 84993791548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Cancer Institute – Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results
    • Available at (accessed November
    • National Cancer Institute – Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (2010) SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Melanoma of the Skin. Available at: http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/melan.html (accessed 29 November 2011).
    • (2010) SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Melanoma of the Skin
  • 57
    • 78650303507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF (V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation
    • Nazarian R. Shi H. Wang Q. Kong X. Koya R.C. Lee H. et al. (2010) Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF (V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation. Nature 468: 973–977.
    • (2010) Nature , vol.468 , pp. 973-977
    • Nazarian, R.1    Shi, H.2    Wang, Q.3    Kong, X.4    Koya, R.C.5    Lee, H.6
  • 58
    • 79953325104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PTEN loss confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through the suppression of BIM expression
    • Cancer Res
    • Paraiso K.H.T. Xiang Y. Rebecca V.W. Abel E.V. Chen Y.A. Munko A.C. et al. (2011) PTEN loss confers BRAF inhibitor resistance to melanoma cells through the suppression of BIM expression. Cancer Res 71: 2750–2760.
    • (2011) , vol.71 , pp. 2750-2760
    • Paraiso, K.H.T.1    Xiang, Y.2    Rebecca, V.W.3    Abel, E.V.4    Chen, Y.A.5    Munko, A.C.6
  • 59
    • 40849094167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cutaneous melanoma; a review of NRAS and BRAF mutation frequencies in relation to histogenic subclass and body site
    • Platz A. Egyhazi S. Ringborg U. Hansson J. (2008) Human cutaneous melanoma; a review of NRAS and BRAF mutation frequencies in relation to histogenic subclass and body site. Mol Oncol 1: 395–405.
    • (2008) Mol Oncol , vol.1 , pp. 395-405
    • Platz, A.1    Egyhazi, S.2    Ringborg, U.3    Hansson, J.4
  • 60
    • 79959776574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRIM-2: an open-label, multicenter phase II study of vemurafenib in previously treated patients with BRAFV600E mutation-positive melanoma
    • Ribas A. Kim K.B. Schuchter L.M. Gonzalez R. Pavlick A.C. Weber J.S. et al. (2011) BRIM-2: an open-label, multicenter phase II study of vemurafenib in previously treated patients with BRAFV600E mutation-positive melanoma. J Clin Oncol 29(Suppl.): 8509.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 8509
    • Ribas, A.1    Kim, K.B.2    Schuchter, L.M.3    Gonzalez, R.4    Pavlick, A.C.5    Weber, J.S.6
  • 61
    • 79959772576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma
    • Robert C. Thomas L. Bondarendo I. O'Day S. Garbe C. Lebbe C. et al. (2011) Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma. New Engl J Med 364: 2517–2526.
    • (2011) New Engl J Med , vol.364 , pp. 2517-2526
    • Robert, C.1    Thomas, L.2    Bondarendo, I.3    O'Day, S.4    Garbe, C.5    Lebbe, C.6
  • 62
    • 77955493250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of the V600K mutation among melanoma patients with BRAF mutations, and potential therapeutic response to the specific BRAF inhibitor PLX4032
    • Rubinstein J.C. Sznol M. Pavlick A.C. Ariyah S. Cheng E. Bacchiocchi A. et al. (2010) Incidence of the V600K mutation among melanoma patients with BRAF mutations, and potential therapeutic response to the specific BRAF inhibitor PLX4032. J Transl Med 6: 67.
    • (2010) J Transl Med , vol.6 , pp. 67
    • Rubinstein, J.C.1    Sznol, M.2    Pavlick, A.C.3    Ariyah, S.4    Cheng, E.5    Bacchiocchi, A.6
  • 64
    • 77955757007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Akt3-mediated resistance to apoptosis in BRAF-targeted melanoma cells
    • Shao Y. Aplin A.E. (2010) Akt3-mediated resistance to apoptosis in BRAF-targeted melanoma cells. Cancer Res 70: 6670–6681.
    • (2010) Cancer Res , vol.70 , pp. 6670-6681
    • Shao, Y.1    Aplin, A.E.2
  • 65
    • 48649085443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a novel sub-group of melanomas with KIT / cyclin dependent kinase-4 overexpression
    • Smalley K.S.M. Contractor R. Nguyen T.K. Xiao M. Edwards R. Muthusamy V. et al. (2008 b) Identification of a novel sub-group of melanomas with KIT / cyclin dependent kinase-4 overexpression. Cancer Res 68 (14): 5743–5752.
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , Issue.14 , pp. 5743-5752
    • Smalley, K.S.M.1    Contractor, R.2    Nguyen, T.K.3    Xiao, M.4    Edwards, R.5    Muthusamy, V.6
  • 66
    • 54049158957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased cyclin D 1 expression can mediate BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAF V600E-mutated melanoma
    • Smalley K.S.M. Lioni M. Palma M.D. Xiao M. Desai B. Egyhazi S. et al. (2008 a) Increased cyclin D 1 expression can mediate BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAF V600E-mutated melanoma. Mol Cancer Ther 7: 2876–2883.
    • (2008) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.7 , pp. 2876-2883
    • Smalley, K.S.M.1    Lioni, M.2    Palma, M.D.3    Xiao, M.4    Desai, B.5    Egyhazi, S.6
  • 68
    • 78650008177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors mediated by a RAF kinase switch in melanoma can be overcome by targeting MEK and IGF-1R/PI3K
    • Villanueva J. Vultur A. Lee J.T. Somasundaram R. Fukunaga-Kalabis M. Cipolla A.K. et al. (2010) Acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors mediated by a RAF kinase switch in melanoma can be overcome by targeting MEK and IGF-1R/PI3K. Cancer Cell 18: 683–695.
    • (2010) Cancer Cell , vol.18 , pp. 683-695
    • Villanueva, J.1    Vultur, A.2    Lee, J.T.3    Somasundaram, R.4    Fukunaga-Kalabis, M.5    Cipolla, A.K.6
  • 69
    • 46349084183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving melanoma classification by integrating genetic and morphologic features
    • Viros A. Fridlyand J. Bauer J. Lasithiotakis K. Garbe C. Pinkel D. et al. (2008) Improving melanoma classification by integrating genetic and morphologic features. PLoS Med 5: e120.
    • (2008) PLoS Med , vol.5 , pp. e120
    • Viros, A.1    Fridlyand, J.2    Bauer, J.3    Lasithiotakis, K.4    Garbe, C.5    Pinkel, D.6
  • 70
    • 80051625929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissecting therapeutic resistance to RAF inhibition in melanoma by tumor genomic profiling
    • Wagle N. Emery C. Berger M.F. Davis M.J. Sawyer A. Pochanard P. et al. (2011) Dissecting therapeutic resistance to RAF inhibition in melanoma by tumor genomic profiling. J Clin Oncol 29: 3085–3096.
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29 , pp. 3085-3096
    • Wagle, N.1    Emery, C.2    Berger, M.F.3    Davis, M.J.4    Sawyer, A.5    Pochanard, P.6
  • 71
    • 84861072670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
    • Cosmic database (accessed November
    • Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (2011) Cosmic database, www.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/ (accessed 29 November 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 73
    • 0038439258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of ERK1/2 protects melanoma cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Smac / DIABLO release from mitochondria
    • Zhang X.D. Borrow J.M. Zhang X.Y. Nguyen T. Hersey P. (2003) Activation of ERK1/2 protects melanoma cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Smac / DIABLO release from mitochondria. Oncogene 22: 2869–2881.
    • (2003) Oncogene , vol.22 , pp. 2869-2881
    • Zhang, X.D.1    Borrow, J.M.2    Zhang, X.Y.3    Nguyen, T.4    Hersey, P.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.