Fasting hyperglycaemia blunts the reversal of impaired glucose tolerance after exercise training in obese older adults

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism

Volumn 14, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 835-841

  Malin, S K ^a   Kirwan, J P ^a,b  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Exercise; Insulin resistance; Obesity; Prediabetes; cell dysfunction

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; BODY COMPOSITION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; EXERCISE; FEMALE; FITNESS; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; HUMAN; HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; INSULIN RELEASE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBESITY; ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST; PANCREAS ISLET CELL FUNCTION; TREADMILL; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 84864333318     PISSN: 14628902     EISSN: 14631326     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01608.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Saad MF, Knowler WC, Pettitt DJ, Nelson RG, Mott DM, Bennett PH. The natural history of impaired glucose tolerance in the Pima Indians. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 1500-1506.
2. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE et al. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 393-403.
3. Meigs J, Muller D, Nathan D, Blake D, Andres R. The natural history of progression from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Diabetes 2003; 52: 1475-1484.
4. Abdul-Ghani M, DeFronzo R. Pathophysiology of prediabetes. Curr Diabetes Rep 2009; 9: 193-199.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes fact sheet. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011. Available from URL:
6. Hughes VA, Fiatarone MA, Fielding RA et al. Exercise increases muscle GLUT-4 levels and insulin action in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Am J Physiol 1993; 264(6 Pt 1): E855-862.
7. Houmard JA, Tanner CJ, Slentz CA, Duscha BD, McCartney JS, Kraus WE. Effect of the volume and intensity of exercise training on insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol 2004; 96: 101-106.
8. Yassine HN, Marchetti CM, Krishnan RK, Vrobel TR, Gonzalez F, Kirwan JP. Effects of exercise and caloric restriction on insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk factors in older obese adults-a randomized clinical trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2009; 64: 90-95.
9. Solomon TPJ, Haus JM, Kelly KR, Rocco M, Kashyap SR, Kirwan JP. Improved pancreatic beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients after lifestyle-induced weight loss is related to glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 1561-1566.
10. Dela F, von Linstow M, Mikines K, Galbo H. Physical training may enhance beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287: E1024-1031.
11. Bloem C, Chang A. Short-term exercise improves beta-cell function and insulin resistance in older people with impaired glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 387-392.
12. Kirwan JP, Kohrt WM, Wojta DM, Bourey RE, Holloszy JO. Endurance exercise training reduces glucose-stimulated insulin levels in 60- to 70-year-old men and women. J Gerontol 1993; 48: M84-90.
13. Abdul-Ghani M, Tripathy D, DeFronzo R. Contributions of beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance to the pathogenesis of impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 1130-1139.
14. Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo RA et al. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 753-759.
15. Faerch K, Borch Johnsen K, Holst JJ, Vaag A. Pathophysiology and aetiology of impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance: does it matter for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes? Diabetologia 2009; 52: 1714-1723.
16. Ramachandran A, Arun N, Shetty A, Snehalatha C. Efficacy of primary prevention interventions when fasting and postglucose dysglycemia coexist: analysis of the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programmes (IDPP-1 and IDPP-2). Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 2164-2168.
17. Jenkins N, Hagberg J. Aerobic training effects on glucose tolerance in prediabetic and normoglycemic humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 2231-2240.
18. Haus JM, Solomon TPJ, Marchetti CM, Edmison JM, Gonzlez F, Kirwan JP. Free fatty acid-induced hepatic insulin resistance is attenuated following lifestyle intervention in obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95: 323-327.
19. Solomon TPS, Haus JM, Kelly KR et al. A low-glycemic index diet combined with exercise reduces insulin resistance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses in obese, prediabetic humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 1359-1368.
20. O'Leary VB, Marchetti CM, Krishnan RK, Stetzer BP, Gonzalez F, Kirwan JP. Exercise-induced reversal of insulin resistance in obese elderly is associated with reduced visceral fat. J Appl Physiol 2006; 100: 1584-1589.
21. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1343-1350.
22. Pan XR, Li GW, Hu YH et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance. The Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 537-544.
23. Malin S, Gerber R, Chipkin S, Braun B. Independent and combined effects of exercise training and metformin on insulin sensitivity in individuals with prediabetes. Diabetes Care 2011; 35: 131-136.
24. Hucking K, Watanabe R, Stefanovski D, Bergman R. OGTT-derived measures of insulin sensitivity are confounded by factors other than insulin sensitivity itself. Obesity 2008; 16: 1938-1945.
25. Bock G, Dalla Man C, Campioni M et al. Pathogenesis of pre-diabetes: mechanisms of fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia in people with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes 2006; 55: 3536-3549.
26. Kelley DE, Mandarino LJ. Fuel selection in human skeletal muscle in insulin resistance: a reexamination. Diabetes 2000; 49: 677-683.
27. Solomon TPJ, Haus JM, Marchetti CM, Stanley W, Kirwan J. Effects of exercise training and diet on lipid kinetics during free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in older obese humans with impaired glucose tolerance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009; 297: E552-559.
28. Abdul Ghani M, Jenkinson C, Richardson D, Tripathy D, DeFronzo R. Insulin secretion and action in subjects with impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: results from the Veterans Administration Genetic Epidemiology Study. Diabetes 2006; 55: 1430-1435.
29. Tripathy D, Carlsson M, Almgren P et al. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in relation to glucose tolerance: lessons from the Botnia Study. Diabetes 2000; 49: 975-980.
30. Kanat M, Norton L, Winnier D, Jenkinson C, DeFronzo R, Abdul Ghani M. Impaired early- but not late-phase insulin secretion in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. Acta Diabetol 2011; 48: 209-217.
31. Kahn SE, Prigeon RL, Schwartz RS et al. Obesity, body fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and islet beta-cell function as explanations for metabolic diversity. J Nutr 2001; 131: 354S-360S.
32. Layne A, Nasrallah S, South M et al. Impaired muscle AMPK activation in the metabolic syndrome may attenuate improved insulin action after exercise training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96: 1815-1826.
33. De Filippis E, Alvarez G, Berria R et al. Insulin-resistant muscle is exercise resistant: evidence for reduced response of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes to exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2008; 294: E607-614.
34. Heilbronn L, Gan S, Turner N, Campbell L, Chisholm D. Markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism are lower in overweight and obese insulin-resistant subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 1467-1473.
35. Faerch K, Vaag A. Metabolic inflexibility is a common feature of impaired fasting glycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance. Acta Diabetol 2011; 48: 349-353.
36. Henry RR, Brechtel G, Griver K. Secretion and hepatic extraction of insulin after weight loss in obese noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 66: 979-986.