메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 1911-1919

Tissue-based risk assessment of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes

Author keywords

Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes; Tissue based risk assessment

Indexed keywords

ADVERSE EFFECT; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; BIOMAGNIFICATION; CHRONIC EFFECTS; CHRONIC TOXICITY; CYCLIC VOLATILE METHYL SILOXANES; DECISION MAKING PROCESS; EMISSION LEVEL; FIELD DATA; FOOD CHAIN MODEL; LIPID BODIES; LIPID MODEL; NON-POLAR; PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; RESEARCH PROGRAMS; TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS; TISSUE RESIDUE; TROPHIC LEVEL;

EID: 84863995798     PISSN: 07307268     EISSN: 15528618     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/etc.1900     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (73)
  • 1
    • 84863999473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk assessment report: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • Brooke DN, Crookes MJ, Gray D, Robertson S. 2009. Environmental risk assessment report: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • (2009)
    • Brooke, D.N.1    Crookes, M.J.2    Gray, D.3    Robertson, S.4
  • 2
    • 84863999472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk assessment report: Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • Brooke DN, Crookes MJ, Gray D, Robertson S. 2009. Environmental risk assessment report: Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • (2009)
    • Brooke, D.N.1    Crookes, M.J.2    Gray, D.3    Robertson, S.4
  • 3
    • 84863993593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk assessment report: Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • Brooke DN, Crookes MJ, Gray D, Robertson S. 2009. Environmental risk assessment report: Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Environment Agency of England and Wales, Bristol, UK
    • (2009)
    • Brooke, D.N.1    Crookes, M.J.2    Gray, D.3    Robertson, S.4
  • 4
    • 53149139327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survey of organosilicone compounds, including cyclic and linear siloxanes, in personal-care and household products
    • Horii Y, Kannan K. 2008. Survey of organosilicone compounds, including cyclic and linear siloxanes, in personal-care and household products. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 55: 701-710.
    • (2008) Arch Environ Contam Toxicol , vol.55 , pp. 701-710
    • Horii, Y.1    Kannan, K.2
  • 5
    • 67349106142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low molecular weight cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in cosmetic products sold in Canada: Implication for dermal exposure
    • Wang R, Moody RP, Koniecki D, Zhu J. 2009. Low molecular weight cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in cosmetic products sold in Canada: Implication for dermal exposure. Environ Int 35: 900-904.
    • (2009) Environ Int , vol.35 , pp. 900-904
    • Wang, R.1    Moody, R.P.2    Koniecki, D.3    Zhu, J.4
  • 6
    • 84863996018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Canada. Screening assessment for the challenge: Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4). 556-67-2, Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • Environment Canada. 2008. Screening assessment for the challenge: Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4). 556-67-2, Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • (2008)
  • 7
    • 84863993604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Canada. Screening assessment for the challenge: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). 541-02-6, Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • Environment Canada. 2008. Screening assessment for the challenge: Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). 541-02-6, Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • (2008)
  • 8
    • 84864006849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Canada. Screening assessment for the challenge: Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). 540-97-6 Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • Environment Canada. 2008. Screening assessment for the challenge: Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). 540-97-6 Ministers of the Environment and of Health, Gatineau, Quebec.
    • (2008)
  • 9
    • 33845326143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are there new persistent organic pollutants? A challenge for environmental chemists
    • Muir DCG, Howard PH. 2006. Are there new persistent organic pollutants? A challenge for environmental chemists. Environ Sci Technol 40: 7157-7166.
    • (2006) Environ Sci Technol , vol.40 , pp. 7157-7166
    • Muir, D.C.G.1    Howard, P.H.2
  • 11
    • 77950415995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identifying new persistent and bioaccumulative organics among chemicals in commerce
    • Howard PH, Muir DCG. 2010. Identifying new persistent and bioaccumulative organics among chemicals in commerce. Environ Sci Technol 44: 2277-2285.
    • (2010) Environ Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 2277-2285
    • Howard, P.H.1    Muir, D.C.G.2
  • 13
    • 77954310205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of organic silicone compounds in biogas from wastewater treatment plants, landfills and co-digestion plants
    • Rasi S, Lehtinen J, Rintala J. 2010. Determination of organic silicone compounds in biogas from wastewater treatment plants, landfills and co-digestion plants. Renew Energ 35: 2666-2673.
    • (2010) Renew Energ , vol.35 , pp. 2666-2673
    • Rasi, S.1    Lehtinen, J.2    Rintala, J.3
  • 15
    • 84864006847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Result from the Swedish National Screening Programme. Subreport 4: Siloxanes. Swedish Environmental Research Institute. Stockholm, Sweden.
    • Kaj L, Andersson J, Cousins AP, Remberger M, Ekheden Y, Dusan B, Brorstrom-Lunden E, Cato I. 2004. Result from the Swedish National Screening Programme. Subreport 4: Siloxanes. Swedish Environmental Research Institute. Stockholm, Sweden.
    • (2004)
    • Kaj, L.1    Andersson, J.2    Cousins, A.P.3    Remberger, M.4    Ekheden, Y.5    Dusan, B.6    Brorstrom-Lunden, E.7    Cato, I.8
  • 16
    • 84878348300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siloxanes in the environment of the inner Oslofjord. Rapport 986/2007. NILU OR 27/2007. Statlig program for forurensningsovervåking, Oslo, Norway.
    • Schlabach M, Andersen MS, Green N, Schoyen M, Kaj L. 2007. Siloxanes in the environment of the inner Oslofjord. Rapport 986/2007. NILU OR 27/2007. Statlig program for forurensningsovervåking, Oslo, Norway.
    • (2007)
    • Schlabach, M.1    Andersen, M.S.2    Green, N.3    Schoyen, M.4    Kaj, L.5
  • 17
    • 84878358500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic dilution of cyclic volatile methylsiloxane (cVMS) materials in a temperate freshwater lake. Study conducted for Centre Européen des Silicones (CES). Report 02-444-S040-07-0081. CES, Brussels, Belgium.
    • Powell DE, Woodburn KB, Drottar KD, Durham J, Huff DW. 2009. Trophic dilution of cyclic volatile methylsiloxane (cVMS) materials in a temperate freshwater lake. Study conducted for Centre Européen des Silicones (CES). Report 02-444-S040-07-0081. CES, Brussels, Belgium.
    • (2009)
    • Powell, D.E.1    Woodburn, K.B.2    Drottar, K.D.3    Durham, J.4    Huff, D.W.5
  • 18
    • 84878347935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of cyclic volatile methylsiloxane (cVMS) materials in the aquatic marine food webs of the inner and outer Oslofjord, Norway. Final project report submitted to the Centre Europeén des Silicones (CES), Brussels, Belgium. Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, MI, USA.
    • Powell DE, Durham J, Huff DW, Böhmer T, Gerhards R, Koerner M. 2010. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of cyclic volatile methylsiloxane (cVMS) materials in the aquatic marine food webs of the inner and outer Oslofjord, Norway. Final project report submitted to the Centre Europeén des Silicones (CES), Brussels, Belgium. Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (2010)
    • Powell, D.E.1    Durham, J.2    Huff, D.W.3    Böhmer, T.4    Gerhards, R.5    Koerner, M.6
  • 20
    • 79960530452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in flounder and ragworm in the Humber estuary
    • Kierkegaard A, van Egmond R, McLachlan MS. 2011. Cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in flounder and ragworm in the Humber estuary. Environ Sci Technol 45: 5936-5942.
    • (2011) Environ Sci Technol , vol.45 , pp. 5936-5942
    • Kierkegaard, A.1    van Egmond, R.2    McLachlan, M.S.3
  • 21
    • 0001616632 scopus 로고
    • Uptake and elimination by fish of polydimethylsiloxanes (silicones) after dietary and aqueous exposure
    • Opperhuizen A, Damen HWJ, Asyee GM, van der Steen JMD. 1987. Uptake and elimination by fish of polydimethylsiloxanes (silicones) after dietary and aqueous exposure. Toxicol Environ Chem 13: 265-285.
    • (1987) Toxicol Environ Chem , vol.13 , pp. 265-285
    • Opperhuizen, A.1    Damen, H.W.J.2    Asyee, G.M.3    van der Steen, J.M.D.4
  • 22
    • 0024340042 scopus 로고
    • The piscine bioconcentration characteristics of cyclic and linear permethylsiloxanes
    • Annelin RB, Frye CL. 1989. The piscine bioconcentration characteristics of cyclic and linear permethylsiloxanes. Sci Total Environ 83: 1-11.
    • (1989) Sci Total Environ , vol.83 , pp. 1-11
    • Annelin, R.B.1    Frye, C.L.2
  • 23
    • 44649162440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are highly lipophilic volatile compounds expected to bioaccumulate with repeated exposures?
    • Andersen ME, Reddy MB, Plotzke KP. 2008. Are highly lipophilic volatile compounds expected to bioaccumulate with repeated exposures? Toxicol Lett 179: 85-92.
    • (2008) Toxicol Lett , vol.179 , pp. 85-92
    • Andersen, M.E.1    Reddy, M.B.2    Plotzke, K.P.3
  • 26
    • 33750399970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rationale and procedures for using the tissue-residue approach for toxicity assessment and determination of tissue, water and sediment quality guidelines for aquatic organisms
    • Meador J. 2006. Rationale and procedures for using the tissue-residue approach for toxicity assessment and determination of tissue, water and sediment quality guidelines for aquatic organisms. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 12: 1018-1073.
    • (2006) Hum Ecol Risk Assess , vol.12 , pp. 1018-1073
    • Meador, J.1
  • 27
    • 0029153883 scopus 로고
    • Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS), a case study: Summary and aquatic risk assessments
    • Hobson JF, Silberhorn EM. 1995. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS), a case study: Summary and aquatic risk assessments. Environ Toxicol Chem 14: 1667-1673.
    • (1995) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.14 , pp. 1667-1673
    • Hobson, J.F.1    Silberhorn, E.M.2
  • 28
    • 0033887481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical basis for narcotic chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon criteria. I. Water and tissue
    • Di Toro DM, McGrath JA, Hansen DJ. 2000. Technical basis for narcotic chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon criteria. I. Water and tissue. Environ Toxicol Chem 19: 1951-1970.
    • (2000) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.19 , pp. 1951-1970
    • Di Toro, D.M.1    McGrath, J.A.2    Hansen, D.J.3
  • 29
    • 67649159376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the target lipid model for toxicity assessment of residual petroleum constituents: Monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
    • McGrath JA, Di Toro DM. 2009. Validation of the target lipid model for toxicity assessment of residual petroleum constituents: Monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ Toxicol Chem 28: 1130-1148.
    • (2009) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.28 , pp. 1130-1148
    • McGrath, J.A.1    Di Toro, D.M.2
  • 30
    • 34848813460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of descriptors for organosilicon compounds by gas chromatography and non-aqueous liquid-liquid partitioning
    • Ahmed H, Poole CF, Kozerski GE. 2007. Determination of descriptors for organosilicon compounds by gas chromatography and non-aqueous liquid-liquid partitioning. J Chromatogr A 1169: 179-192.
    • (2007) J Chromatogr A , vol.1169 , pp. 179-192
    • Ahmed, H.1    Poole, C.F.2    Kozerski, G.E.3
  • 31
    • 0026785215 scopus 로고
    • Classifying environmental pollutants. 1. Structure-activity relationships for prediction of aquatic toxicity
    • Verhaar HJM, van Leeuwen CJ, Hermens JLM. 1992. Classifying environmental pollutants. 1. Structure-activity relationships for prediction of aquatic toxicity. Chemosphere 25: 471-491.
    • (1992) Chemosphere , vol.25 , pp. 471-491
    • Verhaar, H.J.M.1    van Leeuwen, C.J.2    Hermens, J.L.M.3
  • 33
    • 4644306014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of the narcosis target lipid model to algal toxicity and deriving predicted-no-effect concentrations
    • McGrath J, Parkerton T, Di Toro D. 2004. Application of the narcosis target lipid model to algal toxicity and deriving predicted-no-effect concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 23: 2503-2517.
    • (2004) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.23 , pp. 2503-2517
    • McGrath, J.1    Parkerton, T.2    Di Toro, D.3
  • 34
    • 69249218009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical basis for polar and nonpolar narcotic chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon criteria. III. A polyparameter model for target lipid partitioning
    • Kipka U, Di Toro DM. 2009. Technical basis for polar and nonpolar narcotic chemicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon criteria. III. A polyparameter model for target lipid partitioning. Environ Toxicol Chem 28: 1429-1438.
    • (2009) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.28 , pp. 1429-1438
    • Kipka, U.1    Di Toro, D.M.2
  • 35
    • 3142716077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European history of species-sensitivity distributions
    • In Posthuma L, Suter GW, Traas TP, eds, Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Van Straalen NM, van Leeuwen CJ. 2002. European history of species-sensitivity distributions. In Posthuma L, Suter GW, Traas TP, eds, Species Sensitivity Distributions in Ecotoxicology. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp 20-34.
    • (2002) Species Sensitivity Distributions in Ecotoxicology , pp. 20-34
    • Van Straalen, N.M.1    van Leeuwen, C.J.2
  • 37
    • 42449132540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating metabolic biotransformation rates in fish from laboratory data
    • Arnot JA, Mackay D, Bonnell M. 2008a. Estimating metabolic biotransformation rates in fish from laboratory data. Environ Toxicol Chem 27: 341-351.
    • (2008) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.27 , pp. 341-351
    • Arnot, J.A.1    Mackay, D.2    Bonnell, M.3
  • 39
    • 0026692804 scopus 로고
    • An equilibrium model of organic chemical accumulation in aquatic food webs with sediment interaction
    • Thomann R, Connolly J, Parkerton T. 1992. An equilibrium model of organic chemical accumulation in aquatic food webs with sediment interaction. Environ Toxicol Chem 11: 615-629.
    • (1992) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.11 , pp. 615-629
    • Thomann, R.1    Connolly, J.2    Parkerton, T.3
  • 40
    • 84863993599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HydroQual. Evaluation of the bioaccumulation potential for cyclic siloxanes: Preliminary foodchain modeling and analysis of physico-chemical properties. SILO.001. Silicone Health and Environment and Safety Council, Herndon, VA, USA.
    • HydroQual. 2010. Evaluation of the bioaccumulation potential for cyclic siloxanes: Preliminary foodchain modeling and analysis of physico-chemical properties. SILO.001. Silicone Health and Environment and Safety Council, Herndon, VA, USA.
    • (2010)
  • 41
    • 0037309959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolites of hexamethyldisiloxane and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in Fischer 344 rat urine-A comparison of a linear and a cyclic siloxane
    • Varaprath S, McMahon JM, Plotzke K. 2003. Metabolites of hexamethyldisiloxane and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in Fischer 344 rat urine-A comparison of a linear and a cyclic siloxane. Drug Metab Dispos 31: 208-214.
    • (2003) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.31 , pp. 208-214
    • Varaprath, S.1    McMahon, J.M.2    Plotzke, K.3
  • 42
    • 84878352608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14C-D5 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Report 2007-I0000-5794. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • 14C-D5 in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Report 2007-I0000-5794. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (2007)
    • Woodburn, K.B.1    Domoradzki, J.Y.2
  • 43
    • 84863993600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated model of organic chemical fate and bioaccumulation in the Hudson River estuary. Environmental Engineering Department, Manhattan College, Riverdale, NY, USA.
    • Farley KJ, Thomann RV, Cooney TF III, Damiani DR, Wands JR. 1999. An integrated model of organic chemical fate and bioaccumulation in the Hudson River estuary. Environmental Engineering Department, Manhattan College, Riverdale, NY, USA.
    • (1999)
    • Farley, K.J.1    Thomann, R.V.2    Cooney III, T.F.3    Damiani, D.R.4    Wands, J.R.5
  • 45
    • 0019517032 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity studies. Part 1: Relationship for 50 industrial pollutants
    • Konemann H. 1981. Quantitative structure-activity relationships in fish toxicity studies. Part 1: Relationship for 50 industrial pollutants. Toxicology 19: 209-221.
    • (1981) Toxicology , vol.19 , pp. 209-221
    • Konemann, H.1
  • 46
    • 0034000175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ratios between acute aquatic toxicity and effects on population growth rates in relation to toxicant mode of action
    • Roex EWM, Van Gestel CAM, Van Wezel AP, Van Straalen NM. 2000. Ratios between acute aquatic toxicity and effects on population growth rates in relation to toxicant mode of action. Environ Toxicol Chem 19: 685-693.
    • (2000) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.19 , pp. 685-693
    • Roex, E.W.M.1    Van Gestel, C.A.M.2    Van Wezel, A.P.3    Van Straalen, N.M.4
  • 47
    • 0031851557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fate of organic xenobiotics in aquatic ecosystems: Quantitative and qualitative differences in biotransformation by invertebrates and fish
    • Livingstone DR. 1998. The fate of organic xenobiotics in aquatic ecosystems: Quantitative and qualitative differences in biotransformation by invertebrates and fish. Comp Biochem Phys A 120: 43-49.
    • (1998) Comp Biochem Phys A , vol.120 , pp. 43-49
    • Livingstone, D.R.1
  • 48
    • 0034968537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol-water partition ratio and species weight
    • Hendriks JA, van der Linde A, Cornelissen G, Sijm DTHM. 2001. The power of size. 1. Rate constants and equilibrium ratios for accumulation of organic substances related to octanol-water partition ratio and species weight. Environ Toxicol Chem 20: 1399-1420.
    • (2001) Environ Toxicol Chem , vol.20 , pp. 1399-1420
    • Hendriks, J.A.1    van der Linde, A.2    Cornelissen, G.3    Sijm, D.T.H.M.4
  • 51
    • 84863993601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siloxane D5 Board of Review. Report of the Board of Review for decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Ottawa, ON, Canada.
    • Siloxane D5 Board of Review. 2011. Report of the Board of Review for decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). Ottawa, ON, Canada.
    • (2011)
  • 53
    • 84863996013 scopus 로고
    • Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) prolonged toxicity (14 days) to rainbow trout in a flow-through test. TSCA Docket OPTS-42071B. Toxic Substances Control Act Public Docket Office, Washington, DC.
    • Grau R. 1991. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) prolonged toxicity (14 days) to rainbow trout in a flow-through test. TSCA Docket OPTS-42071B. Toxic Substances Control Act Public Docket Office, Washington, DC.
    • (1991)
    • Grau, R.1
  • 54
    • 84864006845 scopus 로고
    • Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane)-Toxicity to the freshwater green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Report 90-3-3271. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Giddings JM. 1990. (Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane)-Toxicity to the freshwater green alga Selenastrum capricornutum. Report 90-3-3271. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (1990)
    • Giddings, J.M.1
  • 55
    • 84863996012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-14-day prolonged acute toxicity to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under flow-through conditions. OECD Guideline 204. Study 12023.1098.6125.108. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MD, USA.
    • Sousa JV. 2000. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-14-day prolonged acute toxicity to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under flow-through conditions. OECD Guideline 204. Study 12023.1098.6125.108. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MD, USA.
    • (2000)
    • Sousa, J.V.1
  • 56
    • 84878359158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5)-Toxicity to the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Study 12023.6126. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • 5)-Toxicity to the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Study 12023.6126. Springborn Laboratories, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2001)
    • Hoberg, J.R.1
  • 57
    • 84864006846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Acute toxicity to daphnids (Daphnia magna) under flow-through conditions. Report 12023.6129. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Machado MW. 2002. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Acute toxicity to daphnids (Daphnia magna) under flow-through conditions. Report 12023.6129. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2002)
    • Machado, M.W.1
  • 58
    • 84863999478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with water fleas, Daphnia magna under static-renewal conditions. Report 12023.6135, Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Putt AE. 2003. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with water fleas, Daphnia magna under static-renewal conditions. Report 12023.6135, Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2003)
    • Putt, A.E.1
  • 59
    • 84878358060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14C-D6) bioconcentration in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) under flow-through test conditions. HES Study 9882-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • 14C-D6) bioconcentration in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) under flow-through test conditions. HES Study 9882-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (2005)
    • Drottar, K.R.1
  • 60
    • 84864006844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) (CAS Number 540-97-6): Toxicity to the freshwater alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, under closed bottle test conditions. HES Study 10743-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • Jezowski RL. 2009. Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) (CAS Number 540-97-6): Toxicity to the freshwater alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, under closed bottle test conditions. HES Study 10743-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (2009)
    • Jezowski, R.L.1
  • 61
    • 84878347171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 4): A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked artificial sediment. Project 570A-110B. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • 4): A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked artificial sediment. Project 570A-110B. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • (2009)
    • Krueger, H.O.1    Thomas, S.T.2    Kendall, T.Z.3
  • 62
    • 84863993597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D4-Sediment-water Lumbriculus toxicity test using spiked natural sediment, following OECD guideline 225. Study 13937.6103. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Picard CR. 2009. D4-Sediment-water Lumbriculus toxicity test using spiked natural sediment, following OECD guideline 225. Study 13937.6103. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2009)
    • Picard, C.R.1
  • 63
    • 84864006841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D4: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Chironomus riparius using spiked sediment. Project 570A-107. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • Krueger HO, Thomas ST, Kendall TZ. 2008. D4: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Chironomus riparius using spiked sediment. Project 570A-107. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • (2008)
    • Krueger, H.O.1    Thomas, S.T.2    Kendall, T.Z.3
  • 65
    • 84863999474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with midge (Chironomus riparius) under static conditions. Report No. 12023.6140. Springborn Smithers,Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Putt AE. 2003. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with midge (Chironomus riparius) under static conditions. Report No. 12023.6140. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2003)
    • Putt, A.E.1
  • 66
    • 84863999475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28-day toxicity test exposing freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca) to D5 applied to sediment under static-renewal conditions following OPPTS draft guideline 850.1735. Study 13937.6101. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MD, USA.
    • Picard CR. 2009. 28-day toxicity test exposing freshwater amphipods (Hyalella azteca) to D5 applied to sediment under static-renewal conditions following OPPTS draft guideline 850.1735. Study 13937.6101. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MD, USA.
    • (2009)
    • Picard, C.R.1
  • 67
    • 84863999476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D5: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Chironomus riparius using spiked sediment. Project 570A-108, Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • Krueger HO, Thomas ST, Kendall TZ. 2008. D5: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Chironomus riparius using spiked sediment. Project 570A-108, Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • (2008)
    • Krueger, H.O.1    Thomas, S.T.2    Kendall, T.Z.3
  • 68
    • 84863993594 scopus 로고
    • An 18-day aquatic toxicity test of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in rainbow trout of different size under flow-through saturated conditions. TSCA Docket OPTS-42071B. Toxic Substances Control Act Public Docket Office, Washington, DC.
    • Annelin RB. 1992. An 18-day aquatic toxicity test of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in rainbow trout of different size under flow-through saturated conditions. TSCA Docket OPTS-42071B. Toxic Substances Control Act Public Docket Office, Washington, DC.
    • (1992)
    • Annelin, R.B.1
  • 69
    • 84864006840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Early life-stage toxicity test with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following OECD guideline #210 and OPPTS draft guideline 850.1400. Study 13937.6105. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Lee M. 2009. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5)-Early life-stage toxicity test with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following OECD guideline #210 and OPPTS draft guideline 850.1400. Study 13937.6105. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2009)
    • Lee, M.1
  • 70
    • 84878351291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14C-D5): Bioconcentration in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) under flow-through test conditions. HES Study 9802-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • 14C-D5): Bioconcentration in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) under flow-through test conditions. HES Study 9802-102. Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA.
    • (2005)
    • Drottar, K.1
  • 71
    • 84864006839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dodecamthycyclohexasiloxane (D6)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with water fleas, Daphnia magna, under static-renewal conditions. Study 12023.6149. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • Sayers LE. 2006. Dodecamthycyclohexasiloxane (D6)-Full life-cycle toxicity test with water fleas, Daphnia magna, under static-renewal conditions. Study 12023.6149. Springborn Smithers, Wareham, MA, USA.
    • (2006)
    • Sayers, L.E.1
  • 72
    • 84863996011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • D5: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked sediment. Project 583A-108. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • Krueger HO, Thomas ST, Kendall TZ. 2007. D5: A prolonged sediment toxicity test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked sediment. Project 583A-108. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • (2007)
    • Krueger, H.O.1    Thomas, S.T.2    Kendall, T.Z.3
  • 73
    • 84864006838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6): A bioaccumulation test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked sediment. Project 570A-112. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • Krueger HO, Thomas ST, Kendall TZ. 2008. Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6): A bioaccumulation test with Lumbriculus variegatus using spiked sediment. Project 570A-112. Wildlife International, Easton, MD, USA.
    • (2008)
    • Krueger, H.O.1    Thomas, S.T.2    Kendall, T.Z.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.