Treatable bacterial infections are underrecognized causes of fever in ethiopian children

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 87, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 128-133

  Aarsland, Sara J ^a   Castellanos Gonzalez, Alejandro ^b   Lockamy, Kameron P ^b   Mulu Droppers, Ruth ^c   Mulu, Moges ^c   White, A Clinton ^b   Cabada, Miguel M ^b,d  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^b University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine   (United States)

^c Soddo Christian Hospital   (Ethiopia)

^d UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA   (Peru)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD SMEAR; BORRELIA; CHILD; ETHIOPIA; FEVER; GASTROENTERITIS; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PLASMODIUM; PNEUMONIA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RICKETTSIA; SALMONELLA; SCHOOL CHILD; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; TUBERCULOSIS; TYPHOID FEVER; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION;

BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; BASE SEQUENCE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DNA PRIMERS; ETHIOPIA; FEVER; HUMANS; REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BORRELIA; RICKETTSIA; SALMONELLA; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE;

EID: 84863751475     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0171     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Rajaratnam JK, Marcus JR, Flaxman AD, Wang H, Levin-Rector A, Dwyer L, Costa M, Lopez LD, Murray CJ, 2010. Neonatal, post-neonatal, childhood, and under-5 mortality for 187 countries, 1970-2010: a systematic analysis of progress towards millennium development goal 4. Lancet 375: 1988-2008.
2. Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, Lawn JE, Rudan I, Bassani DG, Jha P, Campbell H, Walker CF, Cibulskis R, Eisele T, Liu L, Mathers C; Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group of WHO and UNICEF, 2010. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet 375: 1969-1987.
3. D'Acremont V, Lengeler C, Mshinda H, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, Genton B, 2009. Time to move from presumptive malaria treatment to laboratory-confirmed diagnosis and treatment in African children with fever. PLoS Med 6: e252.
4. Amexo M, Tolhurst R, Barnish G, Bates I, 2004. Malaria misdiagnosis: effects on the poor and vulnerable. Lancet 364: 1896-1898. (Pubitemid 39536094)
5. World Health Organization, 2010. World Malaria Report 2010. Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/world-malaria-report-2010/en/index.html. Accessed February 15, 2012.
6. Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, Biloglav Z, Mulholland K, Campbell H, 2008. Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bull World Health Organ 86: 408-416. (Pubitemid 351694322)
7. Mtove G, Amos B, von Seidlein L, Hendriksen I, Mwambuli A, Kimera J, Mallahiyo R, Kim DR, Ochiai RL, Clemens JD, Reyburn H, Magesa S, Deen JL, 2010. Invasive salmonellosis among children admitted to a rural Tanzanian hospital and a comparison with previous studies. PLoS One 5: e9244.
8. Morpeth SC, Ramadhani HO, Crump JA, 2009. Invasive non-Typhi Salmonella disease in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 49: 606-611.
9. Jensenius M, Hoel T, Raoult D, Fournier PE, Kjelshus H, Bruu AL, Myrvang B, 2002. Seroepidemiology of Rickettsia africae infection in Norwegian travellers to rural Africa. Scand J Infect Dis 34: 93-96. (Pubitemid 34213368)
10. Freedman DO, Weld LH, Kozarsky PE, Fisk T, Robins R, von Sonnenburg F, Keystone JS, Pandey P, Cetron MS; GeoSentinel Surveillance Network, 2006. Spectrum of disease and relation to place of exposure among ill returned travelers. N Engl J Med 354: 119-130. (Pubitemid 43076709)
11. Cutler SJ, 2010. Relapsing fever-a forgotten disease revealed. J Appl Microbiol 108: 1115-1122.
12. Yimer E, Koopman S, Messele T, Wolday D, Newayeselassie B, Gessese N, Degefe B, Sanders EJ, 2004. Human Leptospirosis, in Ethiopia: A Pilot Study in Wonji. Available at: http://ejhd.uib.no/ejhdv18-no1/9%20Eshetu%20Yimer.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2012.
13. Gething PW, Kirui VC, Alegana VA, Okiro EA, Noor AM, Snow RW, 2010. Estimating the number of paediatric fevers associated with malaria infection presenting to Africa's public health sector in 2007. PLoS Med 7: e1000301.
14. Ministry of Health-Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2006. National Five-Year Strategic Plan for Malaria Prevention and Control in Ethiopia 2006-2010. Available at: http://www.moh.gov.et/English/Resources/Documents/ Five%20year%20Malaria%20Control%20SP-2006-2010.pdf. Accessed February 15, 2012.
15. Animut A, Mekonnen Y, Shimelis D, Ephraim E, 2009. Febrile illnesses of different etiology among outpatients in four health centers in Northwestern Ethiopia. Jpn J Infect Dis 62: 107-110.
16. World Health Organization, 2010. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria-2nd edition. Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/ 9789241547925/en/index.html. Accessed February 15, 2012.
17. Yismaw G, Abay S, Asrat D, Yifru S, Kassu A, 2010. Bacteriological profile and resistant of clinical isolates from pediatric patients, Gondar University Teaching Hospital, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 48: 293-300.
18. Ali J, Kebede Y, 2008. Frequency of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from blood culture, Gondar University Teaching Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Ethiop Med J 46: 155-161.
19. Kelly DF, Thorson S, Maskey M, Mahat S, Shrestha U, Hamaluba M, Williams E, Dongol S, Werno AM, Portess H, Yadav BK, Adhikari N, Guiver M, Thomas K, Murdoach DR, 2011. The burden of vaccine-preventable invasive bacterial infections and pneumonia in children admitted to hospital in urban Nepal. Int J Infect Dis 15: e17-e23.
20. Falade AG, Lagunju IA, Bakare RA, Odekanmi AA, Adegbola RA, 2009. Invasive pneumococcal disease in children aged < 5 admitted to 3 urban hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria. Clin Infect Dis 48: S190-S196.
21. Resti M, Moriondo M, Cortimiglia M, Indolfi G, Canessa C, Becciolini L, Bartolini E, de Benedictis M, de Martino M, Azzari C for the Italian Group for the Study of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, 2010. Community-acquired bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in children: diagnosis and serotyping by real-time polymerase chain reaction using blood samples. Clin Infect Dis 51: 1042-1049.
22. Cazorla C, Socolovschi C, Jensenius M, Parola P, 2008. Tickborne diseases: tick-borne spotted fever rickettsioses in Africa. Infect Dis Clin North Am 22: 531-544.
23. Mediannikov O, Diatta G, Fenollar F, Sokhna C, Trape JF, Raoult D, 2010. Tick-borne rickettsioses, neglected emerging diseases in rural Senegal. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e821.
24. Mediannikov O, Trape JF, Diatta G, Parola P, Fournier PE, Raoult D, 2010. Rickettsia africae, Western Africa. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 571-573.
25. Perine PL, Chandler BP, Krause DK, McCardle P, Awoke S, Habte-Gabr E, Wisseman CL, McDade JE, 1992. A clinicepidemiological study of epidemic typhus in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 14: 1149-1158.
26. Ramos JM, Malmierca E, Reyes F, Wlde W, Galata A, Tesfamariam A, Gorgolas M, 2004. Characteristics of louse-borne relapsing fever in Ethiopian children and adults. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 98: 191-196. (Pubitemid 38388887)
27. Ramos JM, Malmierca E, Reyes F, 2008. Results of a 10-year survey of louse-borne relapsing fever in southern Ethiopia: a decline in endemicity. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 102: 467-469. (Pubitemid 352008728)
28. Halperin T, Orr N, Cohen R, Hasin T, Davidovitch N, Klement E, Kayouf R, Baneth G, Cohen D, Yavzori M, 2006. Detection of relapsing fever in human blood samples from Israel using PCR targeting the glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) gene. Acta Trop 98: 189-195. (Pubitemid 43796265)