Cytomegalovirus disease and infection in lung transplant recipients in the setting of planned indefinite valganciclovir prophylaxis

Transplant Infectious Disease

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 248-258

  Wiita, A P ^a   Roubinian, N ^a   Khan, Y ^b   Chin Hong, P V ^a   Singer, J P ^a   Golden, J A ^a   Miller, S ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Cytomegalovirus; Lung transplant; Prophylaxis; Valganciclovir

Indexed keywords

BASILIXIMAB; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; PREDNISONE; TACROLIMUS; VALGANCICLOVIR;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GRAFT RECIPIENT; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INFECTION CONTROL; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; LEUKOPENIA; LUNG LAVAGE; LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; NEUROPATHY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPHYLAXIS; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; VIRUS DETECTION; VIRUS LOAD;

ADULT; AGED; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS; DNA, VIRAL; FEMALE; GANCICLOVIR; HUMANS; LUNG TRANSPLANTATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 84863398725     PISSN: 13982273     EISSN: 13993062     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00723.x     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Chiche L, Forel JM, Roch A, et al. Active cytomegalovirus infection is common in mechanically ventilated medical intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2009; 37: 1850-1857.
2. Limaye AP, Kirby KA, Rubenfeld GD, et al. Cytomegalovirus reactivation in critically ill immunocompetent patients. JAMA 2008; 300: 413-422.
3. Torres-Madriz G, Boucher HW. Immunocompromised hosts: perspectives in the treatment and prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease in solid-organ transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: 702-711.
4. Zamora MR. Cytomegalovirus and lung transplantation. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 1219-1226.
5. Snyder LD, Finlen-Copeland CA, Turbyfill WJ, Howell D, Willner DA, Palmer SM. Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis is a risk for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplantation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 181: 1391-1396.
6. Drew WL. Laboratory diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in immunocompromised patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2007; 20: 408-411.
7. Baldanti F, Lilleri D, Gerna G. Monitoring human cytomegalovirus infection in transplant recipients. J Clin Virol 2008; 41: 237-241.
8. Humar A, Paya C, Pescovitz MD, et al. Clinical utility of cytomegalovirus viral load testing for predicting CMV disease in D+/R- solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 644-649.
9. Caliendo AM, St George K, Allega J, Bullotta AC, Gilbane L, Rinaldo CR. Distinguishing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease with CMV nucleic acid assays. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40: 1581-1586.
10. Kotton CN, Kumar D, Caliendo AM, et al. International consensus guidelines on the management of cytomegalovirus in solid organ transplantation. Transplantation 2010; 89: 779-795.
11. Stephan F, Fajac A, Grenet D, et al. Predictive value of cytomegalovirus DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage in lung transplant patients. Transplantation 1997; 63: 1430-1435.
12. Bhorade SM, Sandesara C, Garrity ER, et al. Quantification of cytomegalovirus (CMV) viral load by the hybrid capture assay allows for early detection of CMV disease in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001; 20: 928-934.
13. Weinberg A, Hodges TN, Li S, Cai G, Zamora MR. Comparison of PCR, antigenemia assay, and rapid blood culture for detection and prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after lung transplantation. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38: 768-772.
14. Humar A, Gregson D, Caliendo AM, et al. Clinical utility of quantitative cytomegalovirus viral load determination for predicting cytomegalovirus disease in liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 1999; 68: 1305-1311.
15. Rollag H, Sagedal S, Kristiansen KI, et al. Cytomegalovirus DNA concentration in plasma predicts development of cytomegalovirus disease in kidney transplant recipients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2002; 8: 431-434.
16. Emery VC, Sabin CA, Cope AV, Gor D, Hassan-Walker AF, Griffiths PD. Application of viral-load kinetics to identify patients who develop cytomegalovirus disease after transplantation. Lancet 2000; 355: 2032-2036.
17. Kerschner H, Jaksch P, Karigl G, Popow-Kraupp T, Klepetko W, Puchhammer-Stockl E. Cytomegalovirus DNA load patterns developing after lung transplantation are significantly correlated with long-term patient survival. Transplantation 2009; 87: 1720-1726.
18. Keightley MC, Rinaldo C, Bullotta A, Dauber J, St George K. Clinical utility of CMV early and late transcript detection with NASBA in bronchoalveolar lavages. J Clin Virol 2006; 37: 258-264.
19. Riise GC, Andersson R, Bergstrom T, Lundmark A, Nilsson FN, Olofsson S. Quantification of cytomegalovirus DNA in BAL fluid: a longitudinal study in lung transplant recipients. Chest 2000; 118: 1653-1660.
20. Manuel O, Kumar D, Moussa G, et al. Lack of association between beta-herpesvirus infection and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant recipients in the era of antiviral prophylaxis. Transplantation 2009; 87: 719-725.
21. Soghikian MV, Valentine VG, Berry GJ, Patel HR, Robbins RC, Theodore J. Impact of ganciclovir prophylaxis on heart-lung and lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 1996; 15: 881-887.
22. Duncan SR, Paradis IL, Dauber JH, Yousem SA, Hardesty RL, Griffith BP. Ganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infections in pulmonary allograft recipients. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 1213-1215.
23. Hertz MI, Jordan C, Savik SK, et al. Randomized trial of daily versus three-times-weekly prophylactic ganciclovir after lung and heart-lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 1998; 17: 913-920.
24. Monforte V, Lopez C, Santos F, et al. A multicenter study of valganciclovir prophylaxis up to day 120 in CMV-seropositive lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009; 9: 1134-1141.
25. Lefeuvre S, Chevalier P, Charpentier C, et al. Valganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection in thoracic transplant patients: retrospective study of efficacy, safety, and drug exposure. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 12 (3): 213-219.
26. Paya C, Humar A, Dominguez E, et al. Efficacy and safety of valganciclovir vs. oral ganciclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 611-620.
27. Zamora MR, Nicolls MR, Hodges TN, et al. Following universal prophylaxis with intravenous ganciclovir and cytomegalovirus immune globulin, valganciclovir is safe and effective for prevention of CMV infection following lung transplantation. Am J Transplant 2004; 4: 1635-1642.
28. Jaksch P, Zweytick B, Kerschner H, et al. Cytomegalovirus prevention in high-risk lung transplant recipients: comparison of 3- vs 12-month valganciclovir therapy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009; 28: 670-675.
29. Palmer SM, Limaye AP, Banks M, et al. Extended valganciclovir prophylaxis to prevent cytomegalovirus after lung transplantation: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2010; 152: 761-769.
30. Zuk DM, Humar A, Weinkauf JG, Lien DC, Nador RG, Kumar D. An international survey of cytomegalovirus management practices in lung transplantation. Transplantation 2010; 90: 672-676.
31. Kalil AC, Freifeld AG, Lyden ER, Stoner JA. Valganciclovir for cytomegalovirus prevention in solid organ transplant patients: an evidence-based reassessment of safety and efficacy. PLoS One 2009; 4: e5512.
32. Iwasenko JM, Scott GM, Naing Z, Glanville AR, Rawlinson WD. Diversity of antiviral-resistant human cytomegalovirus in heart and lung transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2010; 13 (2): 145-153.
33. Eid AJ, Arthurs SK, Deziel PJ, Wilhelm MP, Razonable RR. Emergence of drug-resistant cytomegalovirus in the era of valganciclovir prophylaxis: therapeutic implications and outcomes. Clin Transplant 2008; 22: 162-170.
34. Palmer SM, Grinnan DC, Diane Reams B, Steele MP, Messier RH, Duane Davis R. Delay of CMV infection in high-risk CMV mismatch lung transplant recipients due to prophylaxis with oral ganciclovir. Clin Transplant 2004; 18 (2): 179-185.
35. Humar A, Kumar D, Preiksaitis J, et al. A trial of valganciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus prevention in lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2005; 5: 1462-1468.
36. Ljungman P, Griffiths P, Paya C. Definitions of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: 1094-1107.
37. Ettinger NA, Bailey TC, Trulock EP, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection and pneumonitis. Impact after isolated lung transplantation. Washington University Lung Transplant Group. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 1017-1023.
38. Sanchez JL, Kruger RM, Paranjothi S, et al. Relationship of cytomegalovirus viral load in blood to pneumonitis in lung transplant recipients. Transplantation 2001; 72: 733-735.
39. Gerna G, Lilleri D, Rognoni V, et al. Preemptive therapy for systemic and pulmonary human cytomegalovirus infection in lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2009; 9: 1142-1150.
40. Pang XL, Fox JD, Fenton JM, Miller GG, Caliendo AM, Preiksaitis JK. Interlaboratory comparison of cytomegalovirus viral load assays. Am J Transplant 2009; 9: 258-268.
41. Caliendo AM, Shahbazian MD, Schaper C, et al. A commutable cytomegalovirus calibrator is required to improve the agreement of viral load values between laboratories. Clin Chem 2009; 55: 1701-1710.
42. Westall GP, Michaelides A, Williams TJ, Snell GI, Kotsimbos TC. Human cytomegalovirus load in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: a longitudinal study of lung transplant recipients. J Infect Dis 2004; 190: 1076-1083.
43. Chemaly RF, Yen-Lieberman B, Chapman J, et al. Clinical utility of cytomegalovirus viral load in bronchoalveolar lavage in lung transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2005; 5: 544-548.
44. Barber L, Egan JJ, Lomax J, et al. A prospective study of a quantitative PCR ELISA assay for the diagnosis of CMV pneumonia in lung and heart-transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2000; 19: 771-780.
45. Mitsani D, Nguyen MH, Kwak EJ, et al. Cytomegalovirus disease among donor-positive/recipient-negative lung transplant recipients in the era of valganciclovir prophylaxis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010; 29: 1014-1020.
46. Chmiel C, Speich R, Hofer M, et al. Ganciclovir/valganciclovir prophylaxis decreases cytomegalovirus-related events and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: 831-839.
47. Finlen Copeland CA, Davis WA, Snyder LD, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of 12 months of valganciclovir prophylaxis compared with 3 months after lung transplantation: a single-center, long-term follow-up analysis from a randomized, controlled cytomegalovirus prevention trial. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011; 30 (9): 990-996.
48. Luan FL, Kommareddi M, Ojo AO. Universal prophylaxis is cost effective in cytomegalovirus serology-positive kidney transplant patients. Transplantation 2011; 91: 237-244.
49. Blumberg EA, Hauser IA, Stanisic S, et al. Prolonged prophylaxis with valganciclovir is cost effective in reducing posttransplant cytomegalovirus disease within the United States. Transplantation 2010; 90: 1420-1406.