Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopologues: 1. Comparison between models and observations

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 117, Issue 5, 2012, Pages

  Risi, Camille ^a,b   Noone, David ^a   Worden, John ^c   Frankenberg, Christian ^c   Stiller, Gabriele ^d   Kiefer, Michael ^d   Funke, Bernd ^e   Walker, Kaley ^f   Bernath, Peter ^g   Schneider, Matthias ^d,h   Wunch, Debra ^c   Sherlock, Vanessa ⁱ   Deutscher, Nicholas ^j,k   Griffith, David ^j   Wennberg, Paul O ^c   Strong, Kimberly ^f   Smale, Dan ⁱ   Mahieu, Emmanuel ^l   Barthlott, Sabine ^d   Hase, Frank ^d   García, Omaira ^h   Notholt, Justus ^k   Warneke, Thorsten ^k   Toon, Geoffrey ^c   Sayres, David ^m   Bony, Sandrine ^b   Lee, Jeonghoon ^c,n   Brown, Derek ^a   Uemura, Ryu ^o   Sturm, Christophe ^p   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b LABORATOIRE DE MÉTÉOROLOGIE DYNAMIQUE   (France)

^c CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^d KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^e INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE ANDALUCÍA CSIC   (Spain)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^g UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

^h Izanã Atmospheric Research Center IARC   (Spain)

ⁱ NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (New Zealand)

^j UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG   (Australia)

^k UNIVERSITY OF BREMEN   (Germany)

^l UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE   (Belgium)

^m HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁿ Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI)   (South Korea)

^o UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS   (Japan)

^p STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIRCRAFT MODELS; HUMIDITY CONTROL; ISOTOPES; REMOTE SENSING; TROPOSPHERE; VAPORS;

AIRCRAFT DATA; ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS; DATA SETS; FREE TROPOSPHERE; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; GROUND BASED; IN-SITU; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ISOTOPIC DATA; ISOTOPIC MEASUREMENT; ISOTOPOLOGUES; MIDLATITUDES; SATELLITE DATA SETS; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPATIAL PATTERNS; TROPICAL REGIONS; TROPOSPHERIC HUMIDITY;

PROCESS CONTROL;

AIRBORNE SURVEY; ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; CIRCULATION MODELING; DATA SET; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENT; HUMIDITY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; REMOTE SENSING; SATELLITE DATA; SEASONAL VARIATION; TROPOSPHERE; WATER VAPOR;

EID: 84863293787     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JD016621     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Aghedo, A. M., K. W. Bowman, D. T. Shindell, and G. Faluvegi (2011), The impact of orbital sampling, monthly averaging and vertical resolution on climate chemistry model evaluation with satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 6493-6514.
2. Allan, R., M. A. Ringer, and A. Slingo (2003), Evaluation of moisture in the Hadley Centre climate model using simulations of HIRS water-vapour channel radiances, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129(595), 3371-3389. (Pubitemid 38034065)
3. Angert, A., J.-E. Lee, and D. Yakir (2008), Seasonal variations in the isotopic composition of near-surface water vapour in the eastern Mediterranean, Tellus, Ser. B, 60(4), 674-684.
4. Bony, S., and J. Dufresne (2005), Marine boundary layer clouds at the heart of tropical cloud feedback uncertainties in climate models, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20806, doi:10.1029/2005GL023851. (Pubitemid 41782740)
5. Bony, S., and K. A. Emanuel (2001), A parameterization of the cloudiness associated with cumulus convection: Evaluation using TOGA COARE data, J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3158-3183. (Pubitemid 34010724)
6. Bony, S., J.-L. Dufresne, H. Le Treut, J.-J. Morcrette, and C. Senior (2004), On dynamic and thermodynamic components of cloud changes, Clim. Dyn., 22, 71-86. (Pubitemid 38550216)
7. Bony, S., et al. (2006), How well do we understand and evaluate climate change feedback processes?, J. Clim., 19, 3445-3482. (Pubitemid 44323305)
8. Bony, S., C. Risi, and F. Vimeux (2008), Influence of convective processes on the isotopic composition (d18O and dD) of precipitation and water vapor in the tropics: 1. Radiative-convective equilibrium and TOGACOARE simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D19305, doi:10.1029/2008JD009942.
9. Brogniez, C., R. Roca, and L. Picon (2005), Evaluation of the distribution of subtropical free tropospheric humidity in AMIP-2 simulations using METEOSAT water vapor channel data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L19708, doi:10.1029/2005GL024341. (Pubitemid 41694262)
10. Brown, D., J. Worden, and D. Noone (2008), Comparison of atmospheric hydrology over convective contnental regions using water vapor isotope measurements from space, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15124, doi:10.1029/ 2007JD009676.
11. Chepfer, H., S. Bony, D. Winker, M. Chiriaco, J.-L. Dufresne, and G. Sèze (2008), Use of CALIPSO lidar observations to evaluate the cloudiness simulated by a climate model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L15704, doi:10.1029/2008GL034207.
12. Chung, E.-S., B. J. Soden, B.-J. Sohn, and J. Schmetz (2011), Modelsimulated humidity bias in the upper troposphere and its relation to the large-scale circulation, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D10110, doi:10.1029/ 2011JD015609.
13. Craig, H. (1961), Isotopic variations in meteoric waters, Science, 133, 1702-1703.
14. Craig, H., and L. I. Gordon (1965), Deuterium and oxygen-18 variations in the ocean and marine atmosphere, in Stable Isotope in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures, edited by E. Tongiogi, pp. 9-130, V. Lishi e Figli, Pisa, Italy.
15. Dansgaard, W. (1964), Stable isotopes in precipitation, Tellus, 16, 436-468.
16. Dessler, A. E., and S. C. Sherwood (2003), A model of HDO in the tropical tropopause layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2173-2181.
17. 2 measurements at Darwin Australia-Site description and calibration against in situ aircraft, Atmos. Meas. Technol., 3, 989-1021.
18. Dupuy, E., et al. (2009), Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 287-343, doi:10.5194/acp-9-287-2009.
19. 2O in the troposphere, NCAR Tech. Note NCAR-TN-STR-100, 138 pp., NCAR, Boulder, Colo.
20. 2O in the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D13301, doi:10.1029/2004JD005569. (Pubitemid 44651222)
21. Emanuel, K. A. (1991), A scheme for representing cumulus convection in large-scale models, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2313-2329.
22. Emanuel, K. A., and M. Zivkovic-Rothman (1999), Development and evaluation of a convection scheme for use in climate models, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1766-1782. (Pubitemid 29532435)
23. Field, R. D., D. B. A. Jones, and D. P. Brown (2010), The effects of postcondensation exchange on the isotopic composition of water in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D24305, doi:10.1029/2010JD014334.
24. Folkins, I., and R. Martin (2005), The vertical structure of tropical convection and its impact on the budgets of water vapor and ozone, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1560-1573. (Pubitemid 40815616)
25. 2O ratios as observed from space and ground, Science, 325, 1374-1377.
26. Galewsky, J., and J. V. Hurley (2010), An advection-condensation model for subtropical water vapor isotopic ratios, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D16116, doi:10.1029/2009JD013651.
27. Galewsky, J., M. Strong, and Z. D. Sharp (2007), Measurements of water vapor D/H ratios from Mauna Kea, Hawaii, and implications for subtropical humidity dynamics, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L22808, doi:10.1029/2007GL031330. (Pubitemid 351222837)
28. Gates, W. L. (1992), AMIP: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 73, 1962-1970. (Pubitemid 23381931)
29. Hoffmann, G., M. Werner, and M. Heimann (1998), Water isotope module of the ECHAM atmospheric general circulation model: A study on timescales from days to several years, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,871-16,896. (Pubitemid 128700287)
30. Hourdin, F., and A. Armengaud (1999), The use of finite-volume methods for atmospheric advection of trace species. Part I: Test of various formulations in a General Circulation Model, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 822-837. (Pubitemid 29524304)
31. Hourdin, F., et al. (2006), The LMDZ4 general circulation model: Climate performance and sensitivity to parametrized physics with emphasis on tropical convection, Clim. Dyn., 27, 787-813. (Pubitemid 44550673)
32. John, V. O., and B. J. Soden (2007), Temperature and humidity biases in global climate models and their impact on climate feedbacks, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L18704, doi:10.1029/2007GL030429. (Pubitemid 350186715)
33. Johnson, L. R., Z. Sharp, J. Galewsky, M. Strong, P. Gupta, D. Baer, and D. Noone (2011), Hydrogen isotope measurements of water vapor and a correction for laser instrument measurement bias at low water vapor concentrations: Applications to measurements from Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 25, 608-616.
34. Jones, A., G. Qin, K. Strong, K. A. Walker, C. McLinden, M. Toohey, T. Kerzenmacher, P. Bernath, and C. Boone (2011), A global inventory of stratospheric NOy from ACE-FTS, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D17304, doi:10.1029/2010JD015465.
35. Kalnay, E., et al. (1996), The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-470.
36. 2O ratios across the tropical tropopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(7), 1372, doi:10.1029/2003GL017023.
37. Kurita, K., D. Noone, C. Risi, G. A. Schmidt, H. Yamada, and K. Yoneyama (2011), Intraseasonal isotopic variation associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D24101, doi:10.1029/2010JD015209.
38. Kurylo, M., and R. Zander (2000), The NDSC-Its status after 10 years of operation, paper presented at XIX Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan.
39. Landais, A., C. Risi, S. Bony, F. Vimeux, L. Descroix, S. Falourd, and A. Bouygues (2010), Combined measurements of 17Oexcess and d-excess in African monsoon precipitation: Implications for evaluating convective parameterizations, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 298(1-2), 104-112.
40. Lee, J., J. Worden, D. Noone, K. Bowman, A. Elering, A. LeGrande, J.-L. Li, G. Schmidt, and H. Sodemann (2011), Relating tropical ocean clouds to moist processes using water vapor isotope measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 741-752.
41. Lee, J.-E., I. Fung, D. DePaolo, and C. C. Fennig (2007), Analysis of the global distribution of water isotopes using the NCAR atmospheric general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D16306, doi:10.1029/2006JD007657. (Pubitemid 47604159)
42. Lee, J.-E., R. Pierrehumbert, A. Swann, and B. R. Lintner (2009), Sensitivity of stable water isotopic values to convective parameterization schemes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23801, doi:10.1029/2009GL040880.
43. Lossow, S., et al. (2011), Comparison of HDO measurements from Envisat/MIPAS with observations by Odin/SMR and SCISAT/ACE-FTS, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1855-1874.
44. Luz, B., and E. Barkan (2010), Variations of 17O/16O and 18O/16O in meteoric waters, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 74(22), 6276-6286.
45. Marti, O., et al. (2005), The new IPSL climate system model: IPSL-CM4, technical report, IPSL, Paris.
46. Meehl, G. A., K. Covey, T. Delworth, M. Latif, B. McAvaney, J. F. B. Mitchell, R. J. Stouffer, and K. Taylor (2007), The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset: A new era in climate change research, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 7, 1383-1394. (Pubitemid 47616759)
47. Messerschmidt, J., R. Macatangay, J. Notholt, C. Petri, T. Warneke, and C. Weinzierl (2010), Side by side measurements of co2 by ground-based Fourier transform spectrometry (FTS), Tellus, Ser. B, 62, 749-758, doi:10.1111/j.1600- 0889.2010.00491.x.
48. Moyer, E. J., F. W. Irion, Y. L. Yung, and M. R. Gunson (1996), ATMOS stratospheric deuterated water and implications for troposphere- stratosphere transport, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2385-2388.
49. 2O abundance ratio in the tropical tropopause layer, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21305, doi:10.1029/ 2007JD008417.
50. Noone, D. (2008), The influence of midlatitude and tropical overturning circulation on the isotopic composition of atmospheric water vapor and Antarctic precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D04102, doi:10.1029/2007JD008892.
51. Noone, D., et al. (2011), Properties of air mass mixing and humidity in the subtropics from measurements of the D/H isotope ratio of water vapor at the Mauna Loa Observatory, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D22113, doi:10.1029/2011JD015773.
52. Payne, V. H., D. Noone, A. Dudhia, C. Piccolo, and R. G. Grainger (2007), Global satellite measurements of HDO and implications for understanding the transport of water vapour into the stratosphere, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 133, 1459-1471. (Pubitemid 350002132)
53. Pierce, D. W., T. P. Barnett, E. J. Fetzer, and P. J. Gleckler (2006), Threedimensional tropospheric water vapor in coupled climate models compared with observations from the AIRS satellite system, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L21701, doi:10.1029/2006GL027060. (Pubitemid 46747146)
54. Randall, D., et al. (2007), Climate models and their evaluation, in Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by S. Solomon et al., pp. 591-662, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
55. Risi, C., S. Bony, F. Vimeux, M. Chong, and L. Descroix (2010a), Evolution of the water stable isotopic composition of the rain sampled along Sahelian squall lines, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136(S1), 227-242.
56. Risi, C., S. Bony, F. Vimeux, C. Frankenberg, and D. Noone (2010b), Understanding the Sahelian water budget through the isotopic composition of water vapor and precipitation, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D24110, doi:10.1029/2010JD014690.
57. Risi, C., S. Bony, F. Vimeux, and J. Jouzel (2010c), Water stable isotopes in the LMDZ4 General Circulation Model: Model evaluation for present day and past climates and applications to climatic interpretation of tropical isotopic records, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D12118, doi:10.1029/2009JD013255.
58. Risi, C., et al. (2012), Process-evaluation of tropospheric humidity simulated by general circulation models using water vapor isotopic observations: 2. Using isotopic diagnostics to understand the mid and upper tropospheric moist bias in the tropics and subtropics, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D05304, doi:10.1029/2011JD016623.
59. Roca, R., L. Picon, M. Desbois, H. Le Treut, and J.-J. Morcrette (1997), Direct comparison of Meteosat water vapor channel data and general circulation model results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(2), 147-150.
60. Rodgers, C. D., and B. J. Connor (2003), Intercomparison of remote sounding instruments, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D3), 4116, doi:10.1029/2002JD002299.
61. Sayres, D. S., et al. (2009), A new cavity based absorption instrument for detection of water isotopologues in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 80, 044102, doi:10.1063/1.3117349.
62. Sayres, D. S., L. Pfister, T. F. Hanisco, E. J. Moyer, J. B. Smith, J. M. S. Clair, A. S. O'Brien, M. F. Witinski, M. Legg, and J. G. Anderson (2010), Influence of convection on the water isotopic composition of the tropical tropopause layer and tropical stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00J20, doi:10.1029/2009JD013100.
63. Schmidt, G., A. LeGrande, and G. Hoffmann (2007), Water isotope expressions of intrinsic and forced variability in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D10103, doi:10.1029/2006JD007781. (Pubitemid 47201688)
64. 2O ratio profiles: Introduction and validation of an innovative retrieval approach, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4705-4722. (Pubitemid 44757469)
65. 2O and dD profiles remotely-sensed from ground in different spectral infrared regions, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1599-1613.
66. Schneider, M., K. Yoshimura, F. Hase, and T. Blumenstock (2010b), The ground-based FTIR network's potential for investigating the atmospheric water cycle, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3427-3442.
67. Schneider, T., K. L. Smith, P. A. O'Gorman, and C. C. Walker (2006), A climatology of tropospheric zonal-mean water vapor fields and fluxes in isentropic coordinates, J. Clim., 19(22), 5918-5933. (Pubitemid 44964286)
68. Sherwood, S. C. (1996), Maintenance of the free tropospheric tropical water vapor distribution. Part II: Simulation of large-scale advection, J. Clim., 11, 2919-2934.
69. Soden, B. J., and C. Bretherton (1994), Evaluation of water vapor distribution in general circulation models using satellite observations, J. Geophys. Res., 99(D1), 1187-1210, doi:10.1029/93JD02912. (Pubitemid 24402571)
70. Soden, B. J., and I. M. Held (2006), An assessment of climate feedbacks in coupled ocean-atmosphere models, J. Clim., 19, 3354-3360, doi:10.1175/JCLI3799.1. (Pubitemid 44177899)
71. 2O in the lower stratosphere, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 79, 06401, doi:10.1063/1.2940221.
72. Steinwagner, J., M. Milz, T. von Clarmann, N. Glatthor, U. Grabowski, M. Höpfner, G. P. Stiller, and T. Röckmann (2007), HDO measurements with MIPAS, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2601-2615. (Pubitemid 46782000)
73. Steinwagner, J., S. Fueglistaler, G. Stiller, T. von Clarmann, M. Kiefer, P.-P. Borsboom, A. van Delden, and T. Röckmann (2010), Tropical dehydration processes constrained by the seasonality of stratospheric deuterated water, Nat. Geosci., 3, 262-266, doi:10.1038/NGEO822.
74. Tindall, J. C., P. Valdes, and L. C. Sime (2009), Stable water isotopes in HadCM3: Isotopic signature of El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the tropical amount effect, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D04111, doi:10.1029/2008JD010825.
75. Uemura, R., Y. Matsui, K. Yoshimura, H. Motoyama, and N. Yoshida (2008), Evidence of deuterium-excess in water vapour as an indicator of ocean surface conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D19114, doi:10.1029/2008JD010209.
76. Uppala, S., et al. (2005), The ERA-40 re-analysis, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2961-3012. (Pubitemid 43186171)
77. Van Leer, B. (1977), Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme: IV. A new approach to numerical convection, J. Comput. Phys., 23, 276-299.
78. Washenfelder, R., G. Toon, J.-F. Blavier, Z. Yang, N. Allen, P. Wennberg, S. Vay, D. Matross, and B. Daube (2006), Carbon dioxide column abundances at the Wisconsin Tall Tower site, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D22305, doi:10.1029/2006JD007154. (Pubitemid 47386235)
79. Webster, C. R., and A. J. Heymsfield (2003), Water isotope ratios D/H, 18O/16O, O/16O in and out of clouds map dehydration pathways, Science, 302, 1742-1746.
80. Werner, M., M. Heimann, and G. Hoffmann (2001), Isotopic composition and origin of polar precipitation in present and glacial climate simulations, Tellus, Ser. B, 53, 53-71. (Pubitemid 32185643)
81. Winker, D., W. Hunt, and M. McGill (2007), Initial performance assessment of CALIOP, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L19803, doi:10.1029/2007GL030135. (Pubitemid 350263036)
82. 2O ratio: Estimation approach and characterization, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16309, doi:10.1029/2005JD006606. (Pubitemid 46290746)
83. Worden, J., D. Noone, and K. Bowman (2007), Importance of rain evaporation and continental convection in the tropical water cycle, Nature, 445, 528-532. (Pubitemid 46197631)
84. 2O measurements at the Mauna Loa Observatory, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 25,355-25,388, doi:10.5194/acpd-10-25355-2010.
85. Wright, J. S., A. H. Sobel, and G. A. Schmidt (2009), The influence of condensate evaporation on water vapor and its stable isotopes in a GCM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12804, doi:10.1029/2009GL038091.
86. Wunch, D., et al. (2010), Calibration of the total carbon column observing network using aircraft profile data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1351-1362, doi:10.5194/amt-3-1351-2010.
87. Wunch, D., G. C. Toon, J.-F. L. Blavier, R. A. Washenfelder, J. Notholt, B. J. Connor, D. W. T. Griffith, V. Sherlock, and P. O. Wennberg (2011), The Total Carbon Column Observing Network, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A, 369(1943), 2087-2112, doi:10.1098/rsta.2010.0240.
88. Yoshimura, K., M. Kanamitsu, D. Noone, and T. Oki (2008), Historical isotope simulation using reanalysis atmospheric data, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D19108, doi:10.1029/2008JD010074.
89. Zhang, C., B. Mapes, and B. J. Soden (2003), Bimodality in tropical water vapour, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129(594), 2847-2866. (Pubitemid 37299009)