Role of constraints in Chinese calligraphic landscape experience: An extension of a leisure constraints model

Tourism Management

Volumn 33, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 1398-1407

  Zhang, Honglei ^a   Zhang, Jie ^a   Cheng, Shaowen ^b   Lu, Shaojing ^a   Shi, Chunyun ^c  

^a NANJING UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b CENTRAL CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c JIANGSU NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Calligraphic landscape; Constraints; Participation; Preference; Satisfaction

Indexed keywords

FACTOR ANALYSIS; HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM; LANDSCAPE; MODELING; PARTICIPATORY APPROACH; TOURISM MANAGEMENT; TOURIST ATTRACTION;

CHINA;

EID: 84863209344     PISSN: None     EISSN: 02615177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.01.001     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Aas O. Constraints on sport fishing and effect of management actions to increase participation rates in fishing. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 1995, 15(3):631-638.
2. Backman S.J., Crompton J.L. Discriminating between continuers and discontinuers of two public leisure services. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration 1989, 7(4):56-71.
3. Bagozzi R.P., Kimmel S.K. A comparison of leading theories for the prediction of goaldirected behaviours. British Journal of Social Psychology 1995, 34(4):437-461.
4. Bentler P.M., Bonett D.G. Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin 1980, 88(3):588-606.
5. Canally C., Timothy D.J. Perceived constraints to travel across the US-Mexico border among American university students. International Journal of Tourism Research 2007, 9(6):423-437.
6. Carmines E., McIver J. Analyzing models with unobserved variables: analysis of covariance structures. Social measurement: Current issues 1981, 65-115. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA. G. Bohrnstedt, E. Borgatta (Eds.).
7. Chick G., Roberts J.M. Leisure and antileisure in game play. Leisure Sciences 1989, 11(2):73-84.
8. Churchill G.A. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs. Journal of Marketing Research 1979, 16(1):64-73.
9. Crawford D.W., Godbey G. Reconceptualizing barriers to family leisure. Leisure Sciences 1987, 9(2):119-127.
10. Crawford D.W., Jackson E.L., Godbey G. A hierarchical model of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences 1991, 13(4):309-320.
11. Daniels M.J., Drogin Rodgers E.B., Wiggins B.P. " Travel Tales" : an interpretive analysis of constraints and negotiations to pleasure travel as experienced by persons with physical disabilities. Tourism Management 2005, 26(6):919-930.
12. Darcy S. Inherent complexity: disability, accessible tourism and accommodation information preferences. Tourism Management 2010, 31(6):816-826.
13. Fleischer A., Pizam A. Tourism constraints among Israeli seniors. Annals of Tourism Research 2002, 29(1):106-123.
14. Fornell C., Larcker D.F. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 1981, 18(1):39-50.
15. Fredman P., Heberlein T.A. Visits to the Swedish mountains: constraints and motivations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2005, 5(3):177-192.
16. Funk D.C., Alexandris K., Ping Y. To go or stay home and watch: exploring the balance between motives and perceived constraints for major events: a case study of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. International Journal of Tourism Research 2009, 11(1):41-53.
17. Gilbert D., Hudson S. Tourism demand constraints: a skiing participation. Annals of Tourism Research 2000, 27(4):906-925.
18. Hawkins B.A., Peng J., Hsieh C.M., Eklund S.J. Leisure constraints: a replication and extension of construct development. Leisure Sciences 1999, 21(3):179-192.
19. Hinch T., Jackson E.L., Hudson S., Walker G. Leisure constraint theory and sport tourism. Sport in Society 2005, 8(2):142-163.
20. Hu L., Bentler P.M. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 1999, 6(1):1-55.
21. Hubbard J., Mannell R.C. Testing competing models of the leisure constraint negotiation process in a corporate employee recreation setting. Leisure Sciences 2001, 23(3):145-163.
22. Hudson S., Gilbert D. Tourism constraints: the neglected dimension in consumer behaviour research. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 2000, 8(4):69-78.
23. Hudson S., Hinch T., Walker G., Simpson B. Constraints to sport tourism: a cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Sport & Tourism 2010, 15(1):71-88.
24. Hung K., Petrick J.F. Developing a measurement scale for constraints to cruising. Annals of Tourism Research 2010, 37(1):206-228.
25. Iso-Ahola S.E., Jackson E., Dunn E. Starting, ceasing, and replacing leisure activities over the life-span. Journal of Leisure Research 1994, 26(3):227-249.
26. Jackson E.L. Leisure constraints/constrained leisure. Journal of Leisure Research 1991, 23(4):279-285.
27. Jackson E.L. Recognizing patterns of leisure constraints: results from alternative analyses. Journal of Leisure Research 1993, 25(2):129-149.
28. Jackson E.L. Will research on leisure constraints still be relevant in the twenty-first century?. Journal of Leisure Research 2000, 32(1):62-68.
29. Jackson E.L., Dunn E. Integrating ceasing participation with other aspects of leisure behavior. Journal of Leisure Research 1988, 20(1):31-45.
30. Jackson E.L., Henderson K.A. Gender-based analysis of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences 1995, 17(1):31-51.
31. Jackson E.L., Rucks V.C. Negotiation of leisure constraints by junior-high and high-school students: an exploratory study. Journal of Leisure Research 1995, 27(1):85-96.
32. Jackson E.L., Scott D. Constraints to leisure. Leisure studies 1999, 299-321. Venture Publishing, Inc, State College, PA. E. Jackson, T. Burton (Eds.).
33. Jun J., Kyle G., O'Leary J.T. Perceived constraints to art museum attendance. Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium 2006, 14(2):459-466.
34. Jun J., Kyle G.T. Understanding the role of identity in the constraint negotiation process. Leisure Sciences 2011, 33(4):309-331.
35. Kay T., Jackson G. Leisure despite constraint: the impact of leisure constraints on leisure participation. Journal of Leisure Research 1991, 23(4):301-313.
36. Ke L., Zhang J., Li Q. Analysis on the factors effecting tourists' perceptual image to calligraphic landscape scenic: a case study in Diecaishan, Guilin. Carsologica Sinica 2010, 29(1):87-92. (in Chinese).
37. Kim N.S., Chalip L. Why travel to the FIFA World Cup? Effects of motives, background, interest, and constraints. Tourism Management 2004, 25(6):695-707.
38. Nadirova A., Jackson E.L. Alternative criterion variables against which to assess the impacts of constraints to leisure. Journal of Leisure Research 2000, 32(4):396-405.
39. Nyaupane G.P., Andereck K.L. Understanding travel constraints: application and extension of a leisure constraints model. Journal of Travel Research 2008, 46(4):433-439.
40. Nyaupane G.P., Morais D.B., Graefe A.R. Nature tourism constraints: a cross-activity comparison. Annals of Tourism Research 2004, 31(3):540-555.
41. Pennington-Gray L.A., Kerstetter D.L. Testing a constraints model within the context of nature-based tourism. Journal of Travel Research 2002, 40(4):416-423.
42. Raymore L., Godbey G., Crawford D., von Eye A. Nature and process of leisure constraints: an empirical test. Leisure Sciences 1993, 15(2):99-113.
43. Reuterberg S., Gustafsson J. Confirmatory factor analysis and reliability: testing measurement model assumptions. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1992, 52(4):795-811.
44. Samdahl D.M. Similarities are not enough: a response to Schneider and Wilheim Stanis about coping and leisure constraint negotiation. Leisure Sciences 2007, 29(4):409-413.
45. Schneider I.E., Stanis S.A.W. Continuing the discussion on coping as a conceptualization for constraint negotiation and accommodation: responses to Little, Samdahl, and Walker. Leisure Sciences 2007, 29(4):419-423.
46. Searle M.S., Jackson E.L. Socioeconomic variations in perceived barriers to recreation participation among would-be participants. Leisure Sciences 1985, 7(2):227-249.
47. Shaw S.M., Bonen A., McCabe J.F. Do more constraints mean less leisure? Examining the relationship between constraints and participation. Journal of Leisure Research 1991, 23(4):286-300.
48. Son J.S., Kerstetter D.L., Mowen A.J. Do age and gender matter in the constraint negotiation of physically active leisure?. Journal of Leisure Research 2008, 40(2):267-289.
49. Son J.S., Mowen A.J., Kerstetter D.L. Testing alternative leisure constraint negotiation models: an extension of Hubbard and Mannell's study. Leisure Sciences 2008, 30(3):198-216.
50. Tian S., Crompton J.L., Witt P.A. Integrating constraints and benefits to identify responsive target markets for museum attractions. Journal of Travel Research 1996, 35(2):34.
51. Walker G.J. Response to coping as an alternative conceptualization for constraint negotiation and accommodation. Leisure Sciences 2007, 29(4):415-418.
52. Walker G.J., Jackson E.L., Deng J. Culture and leisure constraints: a comparison of Canadian and mainland Chinese university students. Journal of Leisure Research 2007, 39(4):567-590.
53. Walker G.J., Jackson E.L., Deng J. The role of self-construal as an intervening variable between culture and leisure constraints: a comparison of Canadian and Mainland Chinese university students. Journal of Leisure Research 2008, 40(1):90-109.
54. Walker Gordon J., Halpenny E., Spiers A., Deng J. A prospective panel study of Chinese-Canadian immigrants' leisure participation and leisure satisfaction. Leisure Sciences 2011, 33(5):349-365.
55. Wu H., Situ S. The interpretation of calligraphy landscape in cultural geography. Scientia Geographic Sinica 2002, 22(6):757-762. (in Chinese).
56. Zhang J. Geographical research on Chinese calligraphy with special reference to man and land relationship. Human Geography 2003, 18(5):1-6. (in Chinese).
57. Zhang J., Tang W., Shi C., Liu Z., Wang X. Chinese calligraphy and tourism: from cultural heritage to landscape symbol and media of the tourism industry. Current Issues in Tourism 2008, 11(6):529-548.