Effects of a 4 month enriched environment on the hippocampus and the myelinated fibers in the hippocampus of middle-aged rats

Brain Research

Volumn 1465, Issue , 2012, Pages 26-33

  Qiu, Xuan ^a   Huang, Chun Xia ^a   Lu, Wei ^a   Yang, Shu ^a   Li, Chen ^a   Shi, Xiao Yan ^a   Chen, Lin ^a   Xiu, Yun ^a   Yang, Jun Qing ^a   Tang, Yong ^a  

^a CHONGQING MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Enriched environment; Hippocampus; Morris water maze; Myelinated fiber; Spatial learning capacity; Stereology

Indexed keywords

AGING; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BRAIN; BRAIN SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT; FEMALE; HIPPOCAMPUS; LEARNING; MALE; MAZE TEST; MYELINATED NERVE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SPATIAL MEMORY; STEREOLOGY; TASK PERFORMANCE;

AGING; ANIMALS; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HIPPOCAMPUS; MALE; MAZE LEARNING; MEMORY; MEMORY DISORDERS; NERVE FIBERS, MYELINATED; RANDOM ALLOCATION; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; SPACE PERCEPTION;

RATTUS;

EID: 84862905627     PISSN: 00068993     EISSN: 18726240     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.025     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Benes, F.M., Turtle, M., Khan, Y., Farol, P., 1994. Myelination of a key relay zone in the hippocampal formation occurs in the human brain during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 51, 477-484. (Pubitemid 24180494)
2. Brinley, F.J., 1980. Excitation and conduction in nerve fibers, In: Mountcastle, V.B. (Ed.), Medical Physiology, 14th ed. Mosby, St. Louis, pp. 46-81.
3. Calhoun, M.E., Mao, Y., Roberts, J.A., Rapp, P.R., 2004. Reduction in hippocampal cholinergic innervation is unrelated to recognition memory impairment in aged rhesus monkeys. J. Comp. Neurol. 475, 238-246. (Pubitemid 38850021)
4. Diamond, M.C., Ingham, C.A., Johnson, R.E., Bennett, E.L., Rosenzweig, M.R., 1976. Effects of environment on morphology of rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus. J. Neurobiol. 7, 75-85.
5. Frick, K.M., Baxter, M.G., Markowska, A.L., Olton, D.S., Price, D.L., 1995. Age-related spatial reference and working memory deficits assessed in the water maze. Neurobiol. Aging 16, 149-160.
6. Frick, K.M., Burlingame, L.A., Arters, J.A., Berger-Sweeney, J., 2000. Reference memory, anxiety, and estrous cyclicity in C57BL/6NIA mice are affected by age and sex. J. Neurosci. 95, 293-307.
7. Green, E.J., Greenough, W.T., Schlumpf, B.E., 1983. Effects of complex or isolated environments on cortical dendrites of middle-aged rats. Brain Res. 264, 233-240. (Pubitemid 13120906)
8. Gundersen, H.J.G., 1977. Notes on the estimation of the numerical density of arbitrary particles: the edge effect. J. Microsc. 111, 219-223.
9. Harati, H., Majchrzak, M., Cosquer, B., Galani, R., Kelche, C., Cassel, J.C., Barbelivien, A., 2011. Attention and memory in aged rats: impact of lifelong environmental enrichment. Neurobiol. Aging 32, 718-736 (Epub 2009 Apr 23).
10. Harburger, L.L., Lambert, T.J., Frick, K.M., 2007. Age-dependent effects of environmental enrichment on spatial reference memory in male mice. Behav. Brain Res. 185, 43-48. (Pubitemid 47552574)
11. Hebb, D.O., 1949. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. Wiley, New York.
12. Jones, D.G., Smith, B.J., 1980. Morphological analysis of the hippocampus following differential rearing in environments of varying social and physical complexity. Behav. Neural Biol. 30, 135-147. (Pubitemid 11177646)
13. Juraska, J., Kopcik, J.R., 1988. Sex and environmental influences on the size and ultrastructure of the rat corpus callosum. Brain Res. 450, 1-8.
14. Juraska, J.M., Fitch, J.M., Henderson, C., Rivers, N., 1985. Sex differences in the dendritic branching of dentate granule cells following differential experience. Brain Res. 29, 73-80. (Pubitemid 15124350)
15. Juraska, J.M., Fitch, J.M., Washburne, D.L., 1989. The dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in the rat hippocampal CA3 area. II. Effects of gender and the environment. Brain Res. 6, 115-119. (Pubitemid 19032946)
16. Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H.G., Gage, F.H., 1997. More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment. Nature 386, 493-495. (Pubitemid 27164074)
17. Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H.G., Gage, F.H., 1998. Experience-induced neurogenesis in the senescent dentate gyrus. J. Neurosci. 18, 3206-3212. (Pubitemid 28186013)
18. Kobayashi, S., Ohashi, Y., Ando, S., 2002. Effects of enriched environments with different durations and starting times on learning capacity during aging in rats assessed by a refined procedure of the Hebb-Williams maze task. J. Neurosci. Res. 70, 340-346. (Pubitemid 35222370)
19. Lu, W., Yang, S., Li, C., Shi, X.Y., Chen, L., Xu, Q., Zhang, W., Tang, Y., 2009. Stereological study of the age-related changes of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of rat. Acta Anat. Sin. 40, 851-856.
20. Mohammed, A.K., Winblad, B., Ebendal, T., Lärkfors, L., 1990. Environmental influence on behaviour and nerve growth factor in the brain. Brain Res. 528, 62-72. (Pubitemid 20292938)
21. Mohammed, A.H., Zhu, S.W., Darmopil, S., Hjerling-Leffler, J., Ernfors, P., Winblad, B., Diamond, M.C., Eriksson, P.S., Bogdanovic, N., 2002. Enriched environment and the brain. Prog. Brain Res. 138, 109-133.
22. Morris, R., 1984. Developments of a water-maze procedure for studying spatial learning in the rat. J. Neurosci. Methods 11, 47-60. (Pubitemid 14088970)
23. Moser, M.B., Trommald, M., Egeland, T., Andersen, P., 1997. Spatial training in a complex environment and isolation alter the spine distribution differently in rat CA1 pyramidal cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 14, 373-381. (Pubitemid 27161327)
24. Nilsson, M., Perfilieva, E., Johansson, U., Orwar, O., Eriksson, P.S., 1999. Enriched environment increases neurogenesis in the adult rat dentate gyrus and improves spatial memory. J. Neurobiol. 39, 569-578. (Pubitemid 29260777)
25. Nunez, J.L., Nelson, J., Pych, J.C., Kim, J.H., Juraska, J.M., 2000. Myelination in the splenium of the corpus callosum in adult male and female rats. Brain Res. 120, 87-90. (Pubitemid 30155870)
26. Nyengaard, J.R., Gundersen, H.J.G., 1992. The isector: a simple and direct method for generating isotropic, uniform random sections from small specimens. J. Microsc. 165, 427-431.
27. Paylor, R., Morrison, S.K., Rudy, J.W., Waltrip, L.T., Wehner, J.M., 1992. Brief exposure to an enriched environment improves performance on the Morris water task and increases hippocampal cytosolic protein kinase C activity in young rats. Behav. Brain Res. 52, 49-59.
28. Peters, A., 2002a. The effects of normal aging on myelin and nerve fibers: a review. J. Neurocytol. 31, 581-593. (Pubitemid 37386651)
29. Peters, A., 2002b. Structural changes in the normally aging cerebral cortex of primates. Prog. Brain Res. 136, 455-465. (Pubitemid 35460999)
30. Pham, T.M., Ickes, B., Albeck, D., Söderström, S., Granholm, A.C., Mohammed, A.H., 1999a. Changes in brain nerve growth factor levels and nerve growth factor receptors in rats exposed to environmental enrichment for one year. Neuroscience 94, 279-286. (Pubitemid 29457618)
31. Pham, T.M., Söderström, S., Winblad, B., Mohammed, A.H., 1999b. Effects of environmental enrichment on cognitive function and hippocampal NGF in the non-handled rats. Behav. Brain Res. 103, 63-70. (Pubitemid 29447704)
32. Rosenzweig, M.R., Bennett, E.L., 1969. Effects of differential environments on brain weights and enzyme activities in gerbils, rats, and mice. Dev. Psychobiol. 2, 87-95.
33. Soffié, M., Hahn, K., Terao, E., Eclancher, F., 1999. Behavioural and glial changes in old rats following environmental enrichment. Behav. Brain Res. 101, 37-49. (Pubitemid 29197209)
34. Tang, Y., Nyengaard, J.R., 1997. A stereological method for estimating the total length and size of myelin fibers in human brain white matter. J. Neurosci. Methods 73, 193-200. (Pubitemid 27244816)
35. Tang, Y., Nyengaard, J.R., Pakkenberg, B., Gundersen, H.J., 1997. Age-induced white matter changes in the human brain: a stereological investigation. Neurobiol. Aging 18, 609-615. (Pubitemid 28046413)
36. Torasdotter, M., Metsis, M., Henriksson, B.G., Winblad, B., Mohammed, A.H., 1998. Environmental enrichment results in higher levels of nerve growth factor mRNA in the rat visual cortex and hippocampus. Behav. Brain Res. 93, 83-90. (Pubitemid 28289427)
37. van Praag, H., Kempermann, G., Gage, F.H., 2000. Neural consequences of environmental enrichment. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 1, 191-198.
38. Walsh, R.N., Budtz-Olsen, O.E., Penny, J.E., Cummins, R.A., 1969. The effects of environmental complexity on the histology of the rat hippocampus. J. Comp. Neurol. 137, 361-366.
39. West, M.J., 1993. Regionally specific loss of neurons in the aging human hippocampus. Neurobiol. Aging 14, 287-293. (Pubitemid 23214694)
40. Williams, B.M., Luo, Y., Ward, C., Redd, K., Gibson, R., Kuczaj, S.A., McCoy, J.G., 2001. Environmental enrichment: effects on spatial memory and hippocampal CREB immunoreactivity. Physiol. Behav. 73, 649-658. (Pubitemid 32728467)
41. Winocur, G., 1998. Environmental influences on cognitive decline in aged rats. Neurobiol. Aging 19, 589-597. (Pubitemid 29117127)
42. Yakovlev, P.I., Lecours, A.R., 1967. The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain. In: Minkowksi, A. (Ed.), Regional Development of the Brain in Early Life. Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 3-70.
43. Yang, S., Li, C., Zhang, W., Wang, W.W., Nyengaard, J.R., Tang, Y., 2008. Application of stereological method to study the white matter and myelinated fibers therein of rat brain. Image Anal. Stereol. 27, 125-132.
44. Ypsilanti, A.R., Girão da Cruz, M.T., Burgess, A., Aubert, I., 2008. The length of hippocampal cholinergic fibers is reduced in the aging brain. Neurobiol. Aging 29, 1666-1679.