Formation of an Hesperian-aged sedimentary basin containing phyllosilicates in Coprates Catena, Mars

Icarus

Volumn 218, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 178-195

  Grindrod, Peter M ^a   West, Matthew ^a   Warner, Nicholas H ^b   Gupta, Sanjeev ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Geological processes; Mars, Surface; Mineralogy; Spectroscopy; Terrestrial planets

Indexed keywords

EID: 84862804441     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.11.027     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Adams J.B., et al. Salt tectonics and collapse of Hebes Chasma, Valles Marineris, Mars. Geology 2009, 37:691-694. 10.1130/G30024A.1.
2. Altheide, T.S., Chevrier, V.F., Rivera-Valentin, E.G., Wray, J.J., 2010. Geochemical modeling of the evaporation of an ancient paleolake in Columbus crater, Terra Sirenum, Mars. Lunar Planet. Sci. XLII. Abstract 2479.
3. Andrews-Hanna J.C., Phillips R.J., Zuber M.T. Meridiani Planum and the global hydrology of Mars. Nature 2007, 446:163-166. 10.1038/nature05594.
4. Andrews-Hanna J.C., Zuber M.T., Arvidson R.E., Wiseman S.M. Early Mars hydrology: Meridiani playa deposits and the sedimentary record of Arabia Terra. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E06002. 10.1029/2009JE003485.
5. Baioni D., Wezel F.C. Morphology and origin of an evaporitic dome in the eastern Tithonium Chasma, Mars. Planet. Space Sci. 2010, 58:847-857. 10.1016/j.pss.2010.01.009.
6. Bibring J.-P., et al. Global mineralogical and aqueous Mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data. Science 2006, 312:400-404. 10.1126/science.1122659.
7. Bishop J.L., Lane M.D., Dyar M.D., Brown A.J. Reflectance and emission spectroscopy study of four groups of phyllosilicates: Smectites, kaolinite-serpentines, chlorites and micas. Clay Miner. 2008, 43:35-54. 10.1180/claymin.2008.043.1.03.
8. Bishop J.L., et al. Mineralogy of Juventae Chasma: Sulfates in the light-toned mounds, mafic minerals in the bedrock, and hydrated silica and hydroxylated ferric sulfate on the plateau. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:E00D09. 10.1029/2009JE003352.
9. Bristow, T.F., Milliken, R.E., 2011. The use of mineral facies models of terrestrial saline lakes as potential guides to the origin of martian phyllosilicates. Lunar Planet. Sci. XLII. Abstract 2457.
10. Catling D.C., Wood S.E., Leovy C., Montgomery D.R., Greenberg H.M., Glein C.R., Moore J.M. Light-toned deposits in Juventae Chasma, Mars. Icarus 2006, 181:26-51. 10.1016/j.icarus.2005.10.020.
11. Chapman M.G., Tanaka K.L. Interior trough deposits on Mars: Subice volcanoes?. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:10087-10100. 10.1029/2000JE001303.
12. Clark, R.N. et al., 2007. USGS digital spectral library splib06a. US Geol. Sur., Dig. Data Ser., 231. http://speclab.cr.usgs.gov/spectral.lib06.
13. Di Achille G., et al. A steep fan at Coprates Catena, Valles Marineris, Mars, as seen by HRSC data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2006, 33:L07204. 10.1029/2005GL025435.
14. Ehlmann B.L., et al. Clay minerals in delta deposits and organic preservation potential on Mars. Nat. Geosci. 2008, 1:355-358. 10.1038/ngeo207.
15. Ehlmann B.L., et al. Orbital identification of carbonate-bearing rocks on Mars. Science 2008, 322:1828-1832. 10.1126/science.1164759.
16. Ehlmann B.L., et al. Identification of hydrated silicate minerals on Mars using MRO-CRISM: Geologic context near Nili Fossae and implications for aqueous alteration. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:E00D08. 10.1029/2009JE003339.
17. El Maarry M.R., Markiewicz W.J., Mellon M.T., Goetz W., Dohm J.M., Pack A. Crater floor polygons: Desiccation patterns of ancient lakes on Mars?. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E10006. 10.1029/2010JE003609.
18. Flahaut J., Quantin C., Allemand P., Thomas P., Le Deit L. Identification, distribution and possible origins of sulfates in Capri Chasma (Mars), inferred from CRISM data. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E11007. 10.1029/2009JE003566.
19. Fueten F., Stesky R.M., MacKinnon P. Structural attitudes of large scale layering in Valles Marineris, Mars, calculated from Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data and Mars Orbiter Camera imagery. Icarus 2005, 175:68-77. 10.1016/j.icarus.2004.11.010.
20. Fueten F., et al. Stratigraphy and structure of interior layered deposits in west Candor Chasma, Mars, from High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) stereo imagery and derived elevations. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:E10008. 10.1029/2007JE003053.
21. Fueten F., et al. Structural analysis of interior layered deposits in Northern Coprates Chasma, Mars. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 294:343-356. 10.1016/j.epsl.2009.11.004.
22. Fueten F., Flahaut J., Le Deit L., Stesky R., Hauber E., Gwinner K. Interior layered deposits within a perched basin, southern Coprates Chasma, Mars: Evidence for their formation, alteration, and erosion. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116:E02003. 10.1029/2010JE003695.
23. Gendrin A., et al. Sulfates in martian layered terrains: The OMEGA/Mars Express view. Science 2005, 307:1587-1591. 10.1126/science.1109087.
24. Grindrod P.M., Balme M.R. Groundwater processes in Hebes Chasma, Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37:L13202. 10.1029/2010GL044122.
25. Grindrod P.M., et al. Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of synthetic magnesium sulfate hydrates: Implications for the strength of hydrated deposits on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E06012. 10.1029/2009JE003552.
26. Harrison K.P., Chapman M.G. Evidence for ponding and catastrophic floods in central Valles Marineris, Mars. Icarus 2008, 198:351-364. 10.1016/j.icarus.2008.08.003.
27. Hartmann W.K. Martian cratering 8: Isochron refinement and the chronology of Mars. Icarus 2005, 174:294-320. 10.1016/j.icarus.2004.11.023.
28. Hartmann W.K., Neukum G. Cratering chronology and the evolution of Mars. Space Sci. Rev. 2001, 96:165-194. 10.1023/A:1011945222010.
29. Hunt G.R., Ashley R.P. Spectra of altered rocks in the visible and near-infrared. Econ. Geol. 1979, 74:1613-1629. 10.2113/gsecongeo.74.7.1613.
30. Ivanov B.A. Mars/Moon cratering rate ratio estimates. Space Sci. Rev. 2001, 96:87-104. 10.1023/A:1011941121102.
31. Jackson, M.P.A., Adams, J.B., Dooley, T.P., Gillespie, A.R., Montgomery, D.R., 2011. Modeling the coll of Hebes Chasma, Valles Marineris, Mars. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., in press. doi:. doi:10.1130/B30307.1.
32. King T.V.V., Clark R.N. Spectral characteristics of chlorites and Mg-serpentines using high-resolution reflectance spectroscopy. J. Geophys. Res. 1989, 94:13997-14008. 10.1029/JB094iB10p13997.
33. Kirk R.L., et al. Ultra-high-resolution topographic mapping of Mars with MRO HiRISE stereo images: Meter-scale slopes of candidate Phoenix landing sites. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:E00A24. 10.1029/2007JE003000.
34. Komatsu G., Geissler P.E., Strom R.G., Singer R.B. Stratigraphy and erosional landforms of layered deposits in Valles Marineris. J. Geophys. Res. 1993, 98:11105-11121. 10.1029/93JE00537.
35. Komatsu G., Ori G.G., Ciarcelluti P., Litasov Y.D. Interior layered deposit of Valles Marineris, Mars: Analogous subice volcanism related to Baikal Rifting, Southern Siberia. Planet. Space Sci. 2004, 52:167-187. 10.1016/j.pss.2003.08.003.
36. Le Deit L., Bourgeois O., Mège D., Hauber E., Mouélic Le, Massé M., Jaumann R., Bibring J.-P. Morphology, stratigraphy, and mineralogical composition of a layered formation covering the plateaus around Valles Marineris, Mars: Implications for its geological history. Icarus 2010, 208:684-703. 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.012.
37. Lichtenberg K.A., et al. Stratigraphy of hydrated sulfates in the sedimentary deposits of Aram Chaos, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E00D17. 10.1029/2009JE003353.
38. Lucchitta, B.K., 2009a. Lakes in Valles Marineris, Mars (I): Walls, mounds, moats, and volcanoes. Lunar Planet. Sci. XL. Abstract 2068.
39. Lucchitta, B.K., 2009b. Lakes in Valles Marineris, Mars (II): Valleys, channels, shallow lakes, and age. Lunar Planet. Sci. XL. Abstract 2345.
40. Lucchitta B.K., et al. The canyon system on Mars. Mars 1992, 453-492. Univ. Ariz. Press, Tucson. H.H. Kieffer, B.M. Jakosky, C.W. Snyder, M.S. Matthews (Eds.).
41. Lucchitta B.K., Isbell N.K., Howington-Kraus A. Topography of Valles Marineris: Implications for erosional and structural history. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:3783-3798. 10.1029/93JE03095.
42. Malin M.C., Edgett K.S. Sedimentary rocks of early Mars. Science 2000, 290:1927-1937. 10.1126/science.290.5498.1927.
43. Malin M.C., Edgett K.S. Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera: Interplanetary cruise through primary mission. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:23429-23570. 10.1029/2000JE001455.
44. Malin M.C., Edgett K.S. Evidence for persistent flow and aqueous sedimentation on early Mars. Science 2003, 302:1931-1934. 10.1126/science.1090544.
45. Malin M.C., et al. Context camera investigation on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:E05S04. 10.1029/2006JE002808.
46. Mangold N., Gendrin A., Gondet B., LeMouelic S., Quantin C., Ansan V., Bibring J.-P., Langevin Y., Masson P., Neukum G. Spectral and geological study of the sulfate-rich region of West Candor Chasma, Mars. Icarus 2008, 194:519-543. 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.10.021.
47. McCauley, J.F., 1978. Geologic map of the Coprates Quadrangle of Mars, scale 1:5,000,000. US Geol. Surv. Misc. Inv. Ser., Map I-897.
48. McCauley J.F., Carr M.H., Cutts J.A., Hartmann W.K., Masursky H., Milton D.J., Sharp R.P., Wilhelms D.E. Preliminary Mariner 9 report on the geology of Mars. Icarus 1972, 17:289-327. 10.1016/0019-1035(72)90003-6.
49. McEwen, A.S., 2003. Secondary cratering on Mars: Implications for age dating and surface properties. Mars Polar Ice Conf. III. Abstract 3268.
50. McEwen A.S., Preblich B.S., Turtle E.P., Artemieva N.A., Golombek M.P., Hurst M., Kirk R.L., Burr D.M., Christensen P.R. The rayed crater Zunil and interpretations of small impact craters on Mars. Icarus 2005, 176:351-381. 10.1016/j.icarus.2005.02.009.
51. McGuire P.C., et al. An improvement to the volcano-scan algorithm for atmospheric correction of CRISM and OMEGA spectral data. Planet. Space Sci. 2009, 57:809-815. 10.1016/j.pss.2009.03.007.
52. Mège D., Cook A.C., Garel E., Lagabrielle Y., Cormier M.-H. Volcanic rifting at martian grabens. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108:5044. 10.1029/2002JE001852.
53. Michalski J.R., Noe Dobrea E.Z. Evidence for a sedimentary origin of clay minerals in the Mawrth Vallis region, Mars. Geology 2007, 35:951-954. 10.1130/G23854A.1.
54. Milliken R.E., Bish D.L. Sources and sinks of clay minerals on Mars. Philos. Mag. 2010, 90:14-28. 10.1080/1478643090375132.
55. Milliken R.E., et al. Opaline silica in young deposits on Mars. Geology 2008, 36:847-850. 10.1130/G24967A.1.
56. Milliken R.E., Grotzinger J.P., Thomson B.J. Paleoclimate of Mars as captured by the stratigraphic record in Gale Crater. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2010, 37:L04201. 10.1029/2009GL041870.
57. Montgomery D.R., Gillespie A. Formation of martian outflow channels by catastrophic dewatering of evaporite deposits. Geology 2005, 33:625-628. 10.1130/G21270.1.
58. Montgomery D.R., Som S.M., Jackson M.P.A., Schreiber B.C., Gillespie A.R., Adams J.B. Continental-scale salt tectonics on Mars and the origin of Valles Marineris and associated outflow channels. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2009, 121:117-133. 10.1130/B26307.1.
59. Murchie S., et al. Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:E05S03. 10.1029/2006JE002682.
60. Murchie S., et al. A synthesis of martian aqueous mineralogy after 1 Mars year of observations from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:E00D06. 10.1029/2009JE003342.
61. Murchie S., et al. Evidence for the origin of layered deposits in Candor Chasma, Mars, from mineral composition and hydrologic modeling. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:E00D05. 10.1029/2009JE003343.
62. Mustard J.F., et al. Hydrated silicate minerals on Mars observed by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter CRISM instrument. Nature 2008, 454:305-309. 10.1038/nature07097.
63. Nedell S.S., Squyres S.W., Andersen D.W. Origin and evolution of the layered deposits in the Valles Marineris, Mars. Icarus 1987, 70:409-414. 10.1016/0019-1035(87)90086-8.
64. Okubo C.H. Structural geology of Amazonian-aged layered sedimentary deposits in southwest Candor Chasma, Mars. Icarus 2010, 207:210-225. 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.11.012.
65. Okubo C.H., Lewis K.W., McEwen A.S., Kirk R.L. Relative age of interior layered deposits in southwest Candor Chasma based on high-resolution structural mapping. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, 113:E12002. 10.1029/2008JE003181.
66. Pelkey S.M., et al. CRISM multispectral summary products: Parameterizing mineral diversity in Mars from reflectance. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:E08S14. 10.1029/2006JE002831.
67. Peterson C. A secondary origin for the central plateau of Hebes Chasma. Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. 1981, 11:1459-1471.
68. Roach L.H., et al. Testing evidence of recent hydration state change in sulfates on Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:E00D02. 10.1029/2008JE003245.
69. Roach L.H., Mustard J.F., Swayze G., Milliken R.E., Bishop J.L., Murchie S.L., Lichtenberg K. Hydrated mineral stratigraphy of Ius Chasma, Valle Marineris. Icarus 2010, 206:253-268. 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.09.003.
70. Schmidt R.M., Housen K.R. Some recent advances in the scaling of impact and explosion cratering. Int. J. Impact Eng. 1987, 5:543-560. 10.1016/0734-743X(87)90069-8.
71. Schultz R.A. Structural development of Coprates Chasma and Western Ophir Planum, Valles Marineris Rift, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 1991, 96:22777-22792. 10.1029/91JE02556.
72. Schultz R.A. Multiple-process origin of Valles Marineris basins and troughs, Mars. Planet. Space Sci. 1998, 46:827-834. 10.1016/S0032-0633(98)00030-0.
73. Scott, D.H., Tanaka, K.L., 1986. Geologic map of the western equatorial region of Mars. US Geol. Surv. Misc. Invest. Ser., Map, I-1802-A.
74. Sharp R.P. Mars: Troughed terrain. J. Geophys. Res. 1973, 78:4063-4072. 10.1029/JB078i020p04063.
75. Smith D.E., et al. Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA): Experiment summary after the first year of global mapping of Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:23689-23722. 10.1029/2000JE001364.
76. Warner N.H., Farmer J.D. Subglacial hydrothermal alteration minerals in jökulhlaup deposits of Southern Iceland, with implications for detecting past or present habitable environments on Mars. Astrobiology 2010, 10:523-547. 10.1089/ast.2009.0425.
77. Weitz C.M., Irwin R.P., Chuang F.C., Bourke M.C., Crown D.A. Formation of a terraced fan deposit in Coprates Catena, Mars. Icarus 2006, 184:436-451. 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.05.024.
78. Weitz C.M., Milliken R.E., Grant J.A., McEwen A.S., Williams R.M.E., Bishop J.L. Light toned strata and inverted channels adjacent to Juventae and Granges chasmata, Mars. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2008, 35:L19202. 10.1029/2008GL035317.
79. Weitz C.M., Milliken R.E., Grant J.A., McEwen A.S., Williams R.M.E., Bishop J.L., Thomson B.J. Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter observations of light-toned layered deposits and associated fluvial landforms on the plateaus adjacent to Valles Marineris. Icarus 2010, 205:73-102. 10.1016/j.icarus.2009.04.017.
80. Weitz, C.M., Bishop, J.L., Thollot, P., Mangold, N., Roach, L.H., 2011. Diverse mineralogies in two troughs of Noctis Labyrinthus, Mars. Geology, in press. doi:. doi:10.1130/G32045.1.
81. Wiseman S.M., et al. Spectral and stratigraphic mapping of hydrated sulfate and phyllosilicate-bearing deposits in northern Sinus Meridiani, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, 115:E00D18. 10.1029/2009JE003354.
82. Wray J.J., Murchie S.M., Squyres S.W., Seelos F.P., Tornabene L.L. Diverse aqueous environments on ancient Mars revealed in the southern highlands. Geology 2009, 37:1043-1046. 10.1130/G30331A.1.
83. Wray J.J., et al. Columbus crater and other possible groundwater-fed paleolakes of Terra Sirenum, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116:E01001. 10.1029/2010JE003694.