Toxicity profile of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica stem bark in male Wistar rats

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

Volumn 2, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 811-817

  Ashafa, Anofi Omotayo Tom ^a   Orekoya, Latifat Olubukola ^b   Yakubu, Musa Toyin ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE FREE STATE   (South Africa)

^b LAGOS STATE UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN   (Nigeria)

Author keywords

Azadirachta indica; Feed intake; Functional indices; Haematological parameters; Lipid profile; Meliaceae

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALBUMIN; ALCOHOL; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; AZADIRACHTA INDICA EXTRACT; BILIRUBIN; BILIRUBIN GLUCURONIDE; CALCIUM; CHOLESTEROL; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; GLOBULIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; POTASSIUM; PROTEIN; SODIUM; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; PLANT EXTRACT;

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; BARK; BODY WEIGHT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ERYTHROCYTE; FLUID INTAKE; FOOD INTAKE; GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; HEART; KIDNEY; LEUKOCYTE; LIVER; LUNG; MALE; NONHUMAN; PLANT STEM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; THROMBOCYTE; TOXICITY; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; WISTAR RAT; ANIMAL; AZADIRACHTA INDICA; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECTS; ORGAN SIZE; TOXICITY TESTING;

ANIMALS; AZADIRACHTA; BODY WEIGHT; ETHANOL; MALE; ORGAN SIZE; PLANT BARK; PLANT EXTRACTS; PLANT STEMS; RATS; TOXICITY TESTS;

EID: 84862736954     PISSN: 22211691     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60234-2     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Ahmad I, Agil F, Owais M Modern phytomedicine: turning medicinal plants into drugs 2006, 2-24. John Wiley and Sons, West-Sussex England.
2. Ebong PK, Atangwho IJ, Eyong EU, Egbung GE The antidiabetic efficacy of combined extracts from two continental plants: Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) (Neem) and Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) (African bitter leaf). Am J Biochem Biotechnol 2008, 4:239-244.
3. Isaac AB, George IN, Oladimeji TA, James DH A bioactive flavonoid from Pavetta crassipes K. Schum. Org Med Chem Lett 2011, 1:14.
4. Nwachukwu N, Iweala EJ Influence of extraction methods on the hepatotoxicity of Azadirachta indica bark extract on albino rats. Global J Pure Appl Sci 2009, 15:369-372.
5. Devmurari VP, Jivani NP Hepatoprotective activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Azadirchata Indica leaves. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010, 2:1037-1040.
6. Mahabub-Uz-Zaman M, Ahmed NU, Akter R, Ahmed K, Aziz MSI, Ahmed MS Studies on anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antipyretic activities of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica leaves. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res 2009, 44:199-206.
7. Prakash AO, Tiwari RK, Mathur R Non-hormonal postcoital contraceptive action of neem oil in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 1988, 23:53-59.
8. Patil P, Gaikwad RD, Sawane MV, Waghmare VS Effect of neem oil on sperm mitochondrial activity. Online J Health Allied Sci 2009, 8:12.
9. Dehghan MH, Daryani A, Robabeh D Histological evidenceof male potent reproductive sites by Iranian botanical Azadirachta indica (Neem) seed extract. Int J Mol Med Adv Sci 2006, 2:7-15.
10. Sithisarn P, Roongtawan S, Gritsanapan W Antioxidant activity of Siamese neem tree (VP1209). J Ethnopharmacol 2005, 99:109-112.
11. Gupta S, Kataria M, Gupta PK, Murganandan S, Yashroy RC Protective role of extracts of neem seeds in diabetes caused by steptozotocin in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2004, 90:185-189.
12. Vinothini G, Manikandan P, Anandan R, Nagini S Chemoprevention of rat mammary carcinogenesis by Azadirachta indica leaf fractions: Modulation of hormonestatus, xenobiotic-metabilizing enzymes, oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2009, 47:1852-1863.
13. Mbaya AW, Ibrahim UI, Thank God O, Ladi S Toxicity and potential anti-trypanosomal activity of ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica (Maliacae) stem bark: An in vivo and in vitro approach using Trypanosoma brucei. J Ethnophamarcol 2010, 128:495-500.
14. Lewis KC Uses of medicinal plants. Am J Trop Med 2001, 140:261-268.
15. Ghimeray AK, Jin C, Ghimire BK, Cho DH Antioxidant activity and quantitative estimation of azadirachtin and nimbin in Azadirachta Indica A. Juss grown in foothills of Nepal. Afri J Biol 2009, 8:3084-3091.
16. Nwachukwu N, Igwenyi I Influence of extraction methods on the hepatotoxicity of A. indica root. J Res Biosci 2006, 2:10-23.
17. Yakubu MT, Akanji MA, Oladiji AT, Adesokan AA Androgenic potentials of aqueous extract of Massularia acuminata (G. Don) Bullock ex Hoyl. Stem in male Wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2008, 118:508-513.
18. Fredrickson DS, Levy RI, Lees RS Fat transport in lipoproteins-An integrated approach to mechanisms and disorders. Nutri Rev 2009, 45:271-273.
19. Faizal P, Suresh SS, Kumar RS, Augusti KT A study on the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of an Ayurvedic drug Rajanyamalakadi in diabetic patients. Indian J Clin Biochem 2009, 24:82-87.
20. Albers JJ, Warnick GR, Chenng MC Quantitation of high density lipoproteins. Lipids 1978, 13:926-932.
21. Agrawal M, Spencer HJ, Faas FH Method of LDL cholesterol measurement influences classification of LDL cholesterol treatment goals: clinical research study. J Invest Med 2010, 58:945-949.
22. Ekanem JT, Yusuf OK Some liver function indices and blood parameters in T. brucei-infected rats treated with honey. Biokemistri 2007, 19:81-86.
23. Gornal AC, Bardawill CJ, David MM Determination of serum protein by means of biuret reaction. J Biol Chem 1949, 177:751-766.
24. Doumas BT, Watson WA, Biggs HG Albumin standards and measurement of serum-albumin with bromocresol green. Clin Chim Acta 1971, 31:87-96.
25. Tietz NW Clinical guide to laboratory tests 1995, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. 3rd edn.
26. Yakubu MT, Adebayo OJ, Egwim EC, Owoyele VB Increased liver alkaline phosphatase and aminotransferase activities following administration of ethanolic extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark to rats. Biokemistri 2005, 17:27-32.
27. Solomon BA, Adebayo AO, Olugbenga BE Effect of Cassava based diet on hepatic proteins in albino rats fed with crude oil contaminated diet. J Appl Sci Environ Manage 2011, 15:223-229.
28. Wright PJ, Leathwood PD, Plummer DT Enzymes in rat urine. Alkaline phosphatase. Enzymologia 1972, 42:317-327.
29. Saad B, Azaizeh H, Abu-Hijleh G, Said S Safety of traditional Arab herbal medicine. Evid Compl Altern Med 2006, 3:433-439.
30. Klaassen CD, Eaton DL Principles of toxicology. Casarett and Doull's toxicology: the basic science of poison 1991, 32. Pergamon Press, New York. C.D. Klaassen (Ed.).
31. Afolayan AJ, Yakubu MT Effect of Bulbine natalensis Baker stem extract on the functional indices and histology of the liver and kidney of male Wistar rats. J Med Food 2009, 12:814-820.
32. Oyedemi SO, Yakubu MT, Afolayan AJ Effect of aqueous extract of Leonotis leonorus (L.) R. Br. Leaves in male Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010, 29:377-384.
33. Yakubu MT, Bukoye BB, Oladiji AT, Akanji MA Toxicological implications of aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris leaves in pregnant Dutch rabbits. Hum Exp Toxicol 2009, 28:591-598.
34. Olson H, Betton G, Robinson D, Thomas K, Monro A, Kolaja G, et al. Concordance of toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 2000, 32:56-67.
35. Yakubu MT, Akanji MA, Oladiji AT Haematological evaluation in male albino rats following chronic administration of aqueous extract of Fadogia argrestis stem. Pharmacog Mag 2007, 3:34-38.
36. Adebayo JO, Adesokan AA, Olatunji LA, Buoro DO, Soladoye AO Effect of ethanolic extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves on haematological and serum lipid variables in rats. Biokemistri 2005, 17:45-50.
37. Amresh GR, Singh PN, Rao CV Toxicological screening of traditional medicine Laghupatha (Cissampelos pareira) in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol 2008, 116:454-460.
38. Morrone FB, Spiller F, Edelweiss MIA, Meurer L, Engroff P, Barrios CH, et al. Effect of temozolomide treatment on the adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in blood serum of rats with implanted gliomas. Appl Cancer Res 2009, 29:118-124.
39. Ashafa AOT, Sunmonu TO, Afolayan AJ Toxicological evaluation of aqueous leafand berry extracts of Phytolacca dioica L. in male Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010, 48:1886-1889.
40. Akanji MA, Nafiu MO, Yakubu MT Enzyme activities and histopathology of selected tissues in rats treated with potassium bromate. Afr J Biomed Res 2008, 11:87-95.
41. Naganna B Plasma proteins. Textbook of Biochemistry and Human Biology. 2nd end 1989, 172. Prentice-Hall of India Private Ltd, India. G.P. Tawlar, L.M. Srivastava, K.D. Moudgils (Eds.).
42. Okoye TC, Akah PA, Ezike AC, Okoye MO, Onyeto CA, Ndukwu F, et al. Evaluation of the acute and sub acute toxicity of Annona senegalensis root bark extracts. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2012, 5(4):277-282.
43. Rathee P, Rathee D, Rathee D, Rathee S In-vitro cytotoxic activity of β-Sitosterol triacontenate isolated from Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2012, 5(3):225-230.
44. Vital PG, Rivera WL Antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemical screening of Voacanga globosa (Blanco) Merr. leaf extract (Apocynaceae). Asian Pac J Trop Med 2011, 4(10):824-828.
45. Lachumy SJT, Sasidharan S, Sumathy V, Zuraini Z Pharmacological activity, phytochemical analysis and toxicity of methanol extract of Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) flowers. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2010, 3(10):769-774.
46. Hussain T, Fareed S, Siddiqui HH, Vijaykumar M, Rao CV Acute and subacute oral toxicity evaluation of Tephrosia purpurea extract in rodents. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2012, 2(2):129-132.
47. Kumbhare MR, Guleha V, Sivakumar T Estimation of total phenolic content, cytotoxicity and in-vitro antioxidant activity of stem bark of Moringa oleifera. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2012, 2(2):144-150.
48. Chairman K, Ranjit Singh AJA, Alagumuthu G Cytotoxic and antioxidant activity of selected marine sponges. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2012, 2(2):234-238.
49. Yakubu MT, Akanji MA, Oladiji AT Alterations in serum lipid profile of male rats by oral administration of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem. Res J Med Plant 2008, 2:66-73.
50. Panagiotakos B, Pitsavos C, Skoumas J, Chrysohoou C, Toutouza M, Stefanadis CI, et al. Importance of LDL/HDL ratio as a predicator for coronary heart disease events in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A 15 year follow-up (1987-2002). Curr Med Res Opin 2003, 19:89-94.
51. Counotte G Avicultural professional: conocer la calidad del aqua de bebida 2003, 20-22. Reed Business Information, Doetinchem.
52. Macari M Metabolismo hídrico da poedeira comercial. Jaboticabal Resumos 1995, 109-131. APA, Jaboticabal. V. Simpósio Técnico deProdução de Ovos (Ed.).
53. Marai IFM, Askar AA, Bahgat LB Tolerance of New Zealand white and Californian doe rabbits at first parity to the sub-tropical environment of Egypt. Livestock Sci 2006, 104:165-172.