Screening for Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus. Indian Context

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

Volumn 32, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 193-205

  Deodhar, Kedar K ^a  

^a TATA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (India)

Author keywords

Cervical cancer; Human papilloma virus testing; Screening; Visual inspection with acetic acid

Indexed keywords

ACETIC ACID; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANT; LUGOL; VIRUS DNA; WART VIRUS VACCINE;

CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER SCREENING; COHORT ANALYSIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; CYTOLOGY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DISEASE COURSE; DNA DETERMINATION; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH PROGRAM; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 16; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS TYPE 18; INDIAN; LIQUID BASED CYTOLOGY; NONHUMAN; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; UTERINE CERVIX BIOPSY; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VAGINAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; VIRUS CARCINOGENESIS; WART VIRUS;

CERVIX UTERI; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; FEMALE; HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 16; HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS 18; HUMANS; INDIA; MASS SCREENING; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; UTERINE CERVICAL NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84862683400     PISSN: 02722712     EISSN: 15579832     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2012.04.003     Document Type: Review

References (58)

1. Globocan 2008 (IARC). Section of Cancer Information Accessed May 6, 2012. http://www.globocan.iarc.fr/factsheet.asp.
2. Dikshit R., Gupta P.C., Ramasundarahettige C., et al. Cancer mortality in India: a nationally representative survey. Lancet 2012, 379(9828):1807-1816.
3. Bosch F.X. Human papillomavirus: science and technologies for the elimination of cervical cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2011, 12:2189-2204.
4. Bosch F.X., Lorincz A., Munoz N., et al. The causal relation between human papilloma virus and cervical cancer. J Clin Pathol 2002, 55:244-265.
5. Zur Housen H. Human papilloma viruses and their possible role in squamous cell carcinomas. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1977, 78:1-30.
6. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract 2002, 260-264. New York, Springer. 5th edition. R.J. Kurman (Ed.).
7. Crook T., Morgenstern J.P., Crawford L., et al. Continued expression of HPV 16 E6 protein is required for maintenance of the transformed phenotype of cells cotransformed by HPV 16 plus EJ-ras. Embo J 1989, 8:513.
8. Phelps W.C., Yee C.L., Munger K., et al. The human papilloma virus type 16 E7 gene encodes the transactivation and transforming functions similar to those of adenovirus EIA. Cell 1988, 58:539-547.
9. Dyson N., Howley P.M., Munger K., et al. The human papilloma virus 16 E7 oncoprotein is able to bind to the retinoblastoma gene product. Science 1989, 243:934-937.
10. Scheffner M., Huibregtse J.M., Vierstra R.D., et al. The HPV 16 E6 and E6-AP complex functions as a ubiquitin protein ligase in the ubiquitination of P53. Cell 1993, 75:495-505.
11. Bouvard V., Bann R., Straif K., et al. A review of human carcinogens. Part B: Biological agents. Lancet Oncol 2009, 10:321-322.
12. Duensing S., Munger K. Mechanisms of genomic instability in human cancer: insights from studies with human papillomavirus oncoproteins. Int J Cancer 2004, 109:157-162.
13. Sahasrabudhhe V.V., Luhn P., Wentzensen N. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer: biomarkers for improved prevention efforts. Future Microbiol 2011, 6:1083-1098.
14. Munoz N., Bosch F.X., Castellsague X., et al. Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen?. The international perspective. Int J Cancer 2004, 111:278-285.
15. de Sanjose S., Quin W.G., Alemany L., et al. Human papillomavirus genotype attribution in invasive cervical cancer: a retrospective cross sectional worldwide study. Lancet Oncol 2010, 11:1048-1056.
16. Smith J.S., Lindsay I., Hoots B., et al. Human paillpomavirus type distribution in invasive cervical cancer and high grade cervical lesions: a meta-analysis update. Int J Cancer 2007, 121:621-632.
17. Birkeland S.A., Storm H.H., Lamm L.U., et al. Cancer risk in the renal transplant patients in the Nordic countries,1964-1986. Int J Cancer 1995, 60:183-189.
18. Frisch M., Biggar R.J., Goedert J.J. Human papilloma virus-associated cancers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000, 92:1500-1510.
19. Munoz N., Franceschi S., Bosetti C., et al. The role of parity and human papilloma virus in cervical cancer. The IARC multicentre case control study. Lancet 2002, 359:1093-1101. IARC multicentric cervical cancer study group.
20. Moreno V., Bosch F.X., Munoz N., et al. Effect of oral contraceptives on risk on cervical cancer in women with papilloma virus infection: the IARC multicentric case control study. Lancet 2002, 30:359. Multicentric cervical cancer study group: 1085-92.
21. Wyatt S.W., Lancaster M., Bottorff D., et al. History of tobacco use among Kentucky women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer 1997-1998. J Ky Med Assoc 2001, 99:537-539.
22. Smith J.S., Munoz N., Herrero R., et al. Evidence of Chlamydia trachomatis as a human papilloma virus cofactor in the aetiology of the invasive cervical cancer in Brazil and the Philippines. J Infect Dis 2002, 185;:324-331.
23. Christopherson W.A., Scott M.A. Trends in mortality from uterine cancer in relation to mass screening. Acta Cytol 1977, 21:5-9.
24. Laara E., Day N.E., Hakama M. Trends in mortality from cervical cancer in the Nordic countries: association with organized screening programmes. Lancet 1987, 1:1247-1249.
25. MacGregor J.E., Teper S. Mortality from carcinoma of cervix uteri in Britain. Lancet 1978, 2:774-776.
26. Nanda K., McCrory D.C., Myers E.R., et al. Accuracy of the Papanicolaou test in screening for and follow up of cervical cytologic abnormalities: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2000, 132:810-819.
27. Siebers A.C., Klinkhamer P.J., Grefte J.M., et al. Comparison of liquid-based cytology with conventional cytology for detection of cervical cancer precursors: a randomized controlled trial. Jama 2009, 302:1757-1764.
28. Sankaranarayanan R., Wesley R. A practical manual on visual screening for cervical neoplasia. IARC Technical Publication No. 41 2003, Lyon (France), International Agency on Research on Cancer, IARC Press.
29. Sankaranarayanan R., Basu P., Wesley R.S., et al. Accuracy of visual screening for cervical neoplasia: results from an IARC multicentre study in India and Africa. Int J Cancer 2004, 110:907-913.
30. Sankaranarayanan R., Wesley R., Thara S., et al. Test characteristics of visual inspection with 4% acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI) in cervical cancer screening in Kerala, India. Int J Cancer 2003, 106:404-408.
31. Sankaranarayanan R., Gaffikin L., Jacob M., et al. A critical assessment of screening methods for cervical neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005, 89(Suppl 2):S4-S12.
32. Mahe C., Gaffikin L. Screening test accuracy studies: how valid are our conclusions?. Application to visual inspection methods for cervical screening. Cancer Causes Control 2005, 16:657-666.
33. Sauvaget C., Jean-Marie Fayette A., Muwonge R. Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening Int. J Gynecol Obstet 2011, 113:14-24.
34. Sankaranarayanan R., Esmy P.O., Rajkumar R., et al. Effect of visual screening on cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Tamil Nadu, India: a cluster randomized trial. Lancet 2007, 370:398-406.
35. Goldie S.J., Gaffikin L., Goldhaber-Fiebert J.D., et al. Cost effectiveness of cervical screening in five developing countries. N Engl J Med 2005, 353:2158-2168.
36. Legood R., Gray A.M., Mahe C., et al. Screening for cervical cancer in India: how much will it cost?. A trial based analysis of the cost per case detected. Int J Cancer 2005, 117:981-987.
37. Dillner J., Rebolj M., Birembaut P., et al. Long term predictive values of cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening: joint European cohort study. BMJ 2008, 337:A1754.
38. Meijer C.J., Berkhof J., Castle P.E., et al. Guidelines for human papilloma virus DNA test requirements for primary cervical cancer screening in women 30 yrs and older. Int J Cancer 2009, 124:516-520.
39. Cuzick J., Arbyn M., Sankaranarayanan R., et al. Overview of human papillomavirus-based and other novel options for cervical cancer screening in developed and developing countries. Vaccine 2008, 26(Suppl 10):K29-K41.
40. Arbyn M., Sasieni P., Meijer C.J., et al. Clinical applications of HPV testing: a summary of meta-analyses. Vaccine 2006, 24(Suppl 3). S3/78-89.
41. Ronco R., Giorgi-Rossi P.J., Carozzi F., et al. Results at recruitment from a randomized controlled trial comparing human papillomavirus testing alone with conventional cytology as the primary cervical cancer screening test. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008, 100:492-501.
42. Sankaranarayanan R., Nene B.M., Shastri S.S., et al. HPV screening for cervical cancer in rural India. N Engl J Med 2009, 360:1385-1394.
43. Ronco G., Brezzi S., Carozzi F., et al. The New Technologies for Cervical Cancer Screening randomised controlled trial: an overview of results during the first phase of recruitment. Gynecol Oncol 2007, 107(Suppl 1):S230-S232.
44. Ronco G., Giorgi-Rossi P., Carozzi F., et al. Efficacy of human papillomavirus testing for the detection of invasive cervical cancers and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2010, 11:249-257.
45. Eder P.S., Lou J., Huff J., et al. The next generation hybrid capture high risk HPV DNA assay on a fully automated platform. J Clin Virol 2009, 45(Suppl 1):S85-S92.
46. R HPV 16/18 genotyping test for cervical cytology samples. J Clin Virol 2011, 51:38-43.
47. De Francesco M.A., Gargiulo F., Schreiber C., et al. Comparison of the AMLICOR human papilloma virus test and the hybrid capture 2 assay for detection of high risk human papilloma virus in women with abnormal PAP smear. J Virol Methods 2008, 147:10-17.
48. Stoler M.H., Wright T.C., Sharma A., et al. High risk human papilloma virus testing in women with ASC-US cytology: results from the ATHENA HPV study. Am J Clin Pathol 2011, 135:468-475.
49. Qiao Y.L., Sellors J.W., Eder P.S., et al. A new HPV-DNA test for cervical-cancer screening in developing regions: a cross-sectional study of clinical accuracy in rural China. Lancet Oncol 2008, 10;:929-936.
50. Dockter J., Schroder A., Hill C., et al. Clinical performance of the APTIMA HPV assay for the detection of high-risk HPV and high-grade cervical lesions. J Clin Virol 2009, 45(Suppl 1):S55-S61.
51. Monsonego J., Hudgens M.G., Zerat L., et al. Evaluation of oncogenic human papillomavirus RNA and DNA tests with liquid-based cytology in primary cervical cancer screening: the FASE study. Int J Cancer 2011, 129:691-701.
52. Dockter J., Schroder A., Eaton B., et al. Analytical characterization of the APTIMA HPV Assay. J Clin Virol 2009, 45(Suppl 1):S39-S47.
53. Sankaranarayanan R., Jivarajani P., Joshi S. HPV vaccination in primary prevention of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer contemporary management 2012, 66. Jaypee, New Delhi. S. Rajaram, K. Chitrathara, A. Maheshwari (Eds.).
54. Haupt R.M., Sings H.L. The efficacy and safety of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus 6/11/16/18 vaccine gardasil. J Adolesc Health 2011, 49:467-475.
55. Khatun S., Hussain S.M.A., Chowdhury S., et al. Safety and immunogenicity profile of human papillomavirus-16/18 ASO4 adjuvant cervical cancer vaccine: a randomized controlled trial in healthy adolescent girls of Bangladesh. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012, 42:36-41.
56. Legood R., Gray A.M., Mahe C., et al. Screening for cervical cancer in India: how much will it cost?. A trial based analysis of the cost per case detected. Int J Cancer 2005, 117:981-987.
57. Pinto A.P., Crum C.P., Hirsch M.S. Molecular markers of early cervical neoplasia. Diagn Histopathol 2010, 16:445-454.
58. (INK4A) immunostaining in the risk assessment of women with LSIL cytology: a prospective pragmatic study. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 2011, 32:150-152.