메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 163, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 912-930

Methodologies to characterize the QT/corrected QT interval in the presence of drug-induced heart rate changes or other autonomic effects

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; SOTALOL;

EID: 84862521911     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: 10976744     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2012.02.023     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (102)

References (87)
  • 1
    • 1442306232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-Induced Prolongation of the QT Interval
    • DOI 10.1056/NEJMra032426
    • Roden DM. Drug-induced prolongation of the QT interval. N Engl J Med 2004;350:1013-22. (Pubitemid 38269278)
    • (2004) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.350 , Issue.10 , pp. 1013-1022
    • Roden, D.M.1
  • 2
    • 0142209158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug induced QT prolongation and torsades de pointes
    • Yap YG, Camm AJ. Drug induced QT prolongation and torsades de pointes. Heart 2003;89:1363-72. (Pubitemid 37311108)
    • (2003) Heart , vol.89 , Issue.11 , pp. 1363-1372
    • Yap, Y.G.1    Camm, A.J.2
  • 3
    • 79958806529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creation of a knowledge management system for QT analyses
    • Tornoe CW, Garnett CE, Wang Y, et al. Creation of a knowledge management system for QT analyses. J Clin Pharmacol 2010:1035-42.
    • (2010) J Clin Pharmacol , pp. 1035-1042
    • Tornoe, C.W.1    Garnett, C.E.2    Wang, Y.3
  • 5
    • 0001127258 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of time relations of electrocardiograms
    • Bazett JC. An analysis of time relations of electrocardiograms. Heart 1920;7:353-67.
    • (1920) Heart , vol.7 , pp. 353-367
    • Bazett, J.C.1
  • 6
    • 84980098899 scopus 로고
    • Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken
    • Fridericia LS. Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken. Acta Med Scand 1920;53:469-86.
    • (1920) Acta Med Scand , vol.53 , pp. 469-486
    • Fridericia, L.S.1
  • 7
    • 0000969348 scopus 로고
    • Bazett QT correction reviewed-evidence that a linear QT correction for heart-rate is better
    • Hodges M, Salerno D, Erlien D. Bazett QT correction reviewed-evidence that a linear QT correction for heart-rate is better. J Am Coll Cardiol 1983;1:694.
    • (1983) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.1 , pp. 694
    • Hodges, M.1    Salerno, D.2    Erlien, D.3
  • 8
    • 0028358346 scopus 로고
    • Relation between QT intervals and heart rates from 40 to 120 beats/min in rest electrocardiograms of men and a simple method to adjust QT interval values
    • Karjalainen J, Viitasalo M, Manttari M, et al. Relation between QT intervals and heart rates from 40 to 120 beats/min in rest electrocardiograms of men and a simple method to adjust QT interval values. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;23:1547-53. (Pubitemid 24182117)
    • (1994) Journal of the American College of Cardiology , vol.23 , Issue.7 , pp. 1547-1553
    • Karjalainen, J.1    Viitasalo, M.2    Manttari, M.3    Manninen, V.4
  • 9
    • 0021716709 scopus 로고
    • Relation between QT interval and heart rate. Applications and limitations of Bazett's formula
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-0736(84)80074-6
    • Kawataki M, Kashima T, Toda H, et al. Relation between QT interval and heart rate. applications and limitations of Bazett's formula. J Electrocardiol 1984;17:371-5. (Pubitemid 15200598)
    • (1984) Journal of Electrocardiology , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 371-375
    • Kawataki, M.1    Kashima, T.2    Toda, H.3    Tanaka, H.4
  • 10
    • 0000587309 scopus 로고
    • Det normale Elektrocardiogram. I. Analyse af Ekstremitetsafledningerne hos 100 sunde Mennesker I Alderen fra 30 til 50 Aar
    • Larsen K, Skulason Th. Det normale Elektrocardiogram. I. Analyse af Ekstremitetsafledningerne hos 100 sunde Mennesker I Alderen fra 30 til 50 Aar. Nord Med 1941;9:350-8.
    • (1941) Nord Med , vol.9 , pp. 350-358
    • Larsen, K.1    Skulason, Th.2
  • 11
    • 0025687840 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of QT prolongation. A persistent, avoidable error in computer electrocardiography
    • Rautaharju PM, Warren JW, Calhoun HP. Estimation of QT prolongation. A persistent, avoidable error in computer electrocardiography. J Electrocardiol 1990;23(Suppl):111-7.
    • (1990) J Electrocardiol , vol.23 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 111-117
    • Rautaharju, P.M.1    Warren, J.W.2    Calhoun, H.P.3
  • 12
    • 0019377087 scopus 로고
    • Relation between QT interval and heart rate. New design of physiologically adaptive cardiac pacemaker
    • Rickards AF, Norman J. Relation between QT interval and heart rate. New design of physiologically adaptive cardiac pacemaker. Br Heart J 1981;45:56-61. (Pubitemid 11168842)
    • (1981) British Heart Journal , vol.45 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-61
    • Rickards, A.F.1    Norman, J.2
  • 13
    • 0026722151 scopus 로고
    • An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study)
    • Sagie A, Larson MG, Goldberg RJ, et al. An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 1992;70:797-801.
    • (1992) Am J Cardiol , vol.70 , pp. 797-801
    • Sagie, A.1    Larson, M.G.2    Goldberg, R.J.3
  • 14
    • 0021238505 scopus 로고
    • An exponential formula for heart rate dependence of QT interval during exercise and cardiac pacing in humans: Reevaluation of Bazett's formula
    • Sarma JS, Sarma RJ, Bilitch M, et al. An exponential formula for heart rate dependence of QT interval during exercise and cardiac pacing in humans: reevaluation of Bazett's formula. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:103-8. (Pubitemid 14085358)
    • (1984) American Journal of Cardiology , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-108
    • Sarma, J.S.M.1    Sarma, R.J.2    Bilitch, M.3
  • 15
    • 0000035157 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the time relationships within the cardiac cycle in electrocardiograms of normal men. I. The duration of the Q-T interval and its relationship to the cycle length (R-R interval)
    • Schlamowitz I. An analysis of the time relationships within the cardiac cycle in electrocardiograms of normal men. I. The duration of the Q-T interval and its relationship to the cycle length (R-R interval). Am Heart J 1946;31:329.
    • (1946) Am Heart J , vol.31 , pp. 329
    • Schlamowitz, I.1
  • 16
    • 0028228648 scopus 로고
    • Normal values for QT intervals in ECG during ramp exercise on bicycle
    • Wohlfart B, Pahlm O. Normal values for QT intervals in ECG during ramp exercise on bicycle. Clin Physiol 1994;14:371-7. (Pubitemid 24217666)
    • (1994) Clinical Physiology , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 371-377
    • Wohlfart, B.1    Pahlm, O.2
  • 18
    • 45849094068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical issues including design and sample size calculation in thorough QT/QTc studies
    • DOI 10.1080/10543400802020938, PII 793010600
    • Zhang J, Machado SG. Statistical issues including design and sample size calculation in thorough QT/QTc studies. J Biopharm Stat 2008;18:451-67. (Pubitemid 351891689)
    • (2008) Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 451-467
    • Zhang, J.1    Machado, S.G.2
  • 19
    • 0036185306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The imprecision in heart rate correction may lead to artificial observations of drug induced QT interval changes
    • Malik M. The imprecision in heart rate correction may lead to artificial observations of drug induced QT interval changes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2002;25:209-16.
    • (2002) Pacing Clin Electrophysiol , vol.25 , pp. 209-216
    • Malik, M.1
  • 20
    • 0023722149 scopus 로고
    • Cycle length dependence of human action potential duration in vivo. Effects of single extrastimuli, sudden sustained rate acceleration and deceleration, and different steady-state frequencies
    • Franz MR, Swerdlow CD, Liem LB, et al. Cycle length dependence of human action potential duration in vivo. Effects of single extrastimuli, sudden sustained rate acceleration and deceleration, and different steady-state frequencies. J Clin Invest 1988;82:972-9.
    • (1988) J Clin Invest , vol.82 , pp. 972-979
    • Franz, M.R.1    Swerdlow, C.D.2    Liem, L.B.3
  • 23
    • 1942440785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of QT interval adaptation to RR interval changes and its use as a a risk-stratifier of arrhythmic mortality in amiodarone-treated survivors of acute myocardial infarction
    • DOI 10.1109/TBME.2004.828050
    • Pueyo E, Smetana P, Caminal P, et al. Characterization of QT interval adaptation to RR interval changes and its use as a risk-stratifier of arrhythmic mortality in amiodarone-treated survivors of acute myocardial infarction. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2004;51:1511-20. (Pubitemid 39100224)
    • (2004) IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering , vol.51 , Issue.9 , pp. 1511-1520
    • Pueyo, E.1    Smetana, P.2    Caminal, P.3    De Luna, A.B.4    Malik, M.5    Laguna, P.6
  • 24
    • 0004382682 scopus 로고
    • Beta-adrenergic stimulation accelerates human action-potential accommodation
    • Sager PT, Koh SW, Nguyen T. Beta-adrenergic stimulation accelerates human action-potential accommodation. Circulation 1995;92:3499.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 3499
    • Sager, P.T.1    Koh, S.W.2    Nguyen, T.3
  • 25
    • 72049116795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies: Questions and quandaries
    • Malik M, Garnett CE, Zhang J, et al. Studies: questions and quandaries. Drug Saf 2010;33:1-14.
    • (2010) Drug Saf , vol.33 , pp. 1-14
    • Malik, M.1    Garnett, C.E.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 26
    • 16344367621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of drug-induced QT prolongation: To bin or not to bin?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.11.004
    • Malik M. Assessment of drug-induced QT prolongation: to bin or not to bin? Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005;77:241-6. (Pubitemid 40470380)
    • (2005) Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 241-246
    • Malik, M.1
  • 27
    • 33846890687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomic modulation of electrical restitution, alternans and ventricular fibrillation initiation in the isolated heart
    • DOI 10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.12.001, PII S0008636306005645
    • Ng GA, Brack KE, Patel VH, et al. Autonomic modulation of electrical restitution, alternans and ventricular fibrillation initiation in the isolated heart. Cardiovasc Res 2007;73:750-60. (Pubitemid 46227349)
    • (2007) Cardiovascular Research , vol.73 , Issue.4 , pp. 750-760
    • Ng, G.A.1    Brack, K.E.2    Patel, V.H.3    Coote, J.H.4
  • 28
    • 48149095643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key clinical considerations for demonstrating the utility of preclinical models to predict clinical drug-induced torsades de pointes
    • Sager PT. Key clinical considerations for demonstrating the utility of preclinical models to predict clinical drug-induced torsades de pointes. Br J Pharmacol 2008;154:1544-9.
    • (2008) Br J Pharmacol , vol.154 , pp. 1544-1549
    • Sager, P.T.1
  • 29
    • 0021364530 scopus 로고
    • The QT interval during reflex cardiovascular adaptation
    • Davidowski TA, Wolf S. The QT interval during reflex cardiovascular adaptation. Circulation 1984;69:22-5. (Pubitemid 14215857)
    • (1984) Circulation , vol.69 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-25
    • Davidowski, T.A.1    Wolf, S.2
  • 30
    • 0036580828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy on heart rate dependence of ventricular repolarization in diabetic patients
    • DOI 10.2337/diacare.25.5.918
    • Valensi PE, Johnson NB, Maison-Blanche P, et al. Influence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy on heart rate dependence of ventricular repolarization in diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2002;25:918-23. (Pubitemid 41094293)
    • (2002) Diabetes Care , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 918-923
    • Valensi, P.E.1    Johnson, N.B.2    Maison-Blanche, P.3    Extramania, F.4    Motte, G.5    Coumel, P.6
  • 31
    • 0023910101 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of autonomic regulation in chronic congestive heart failure by heart rate spectral analysis
    • Saul JP, Arai Y, Berger RD, et al. Assessment of autonomic regulation in chronic congestive heart failure by heart rate spectral analysis. Am J Cardiol 1988;61:1292-9.
    • (1988) Am J Cardiol , vol.61 , pp. 1292-1299
    • Saul, J.P.1    Arai, Y.2    Berger, R.D.3
  • 32
    • 0037114836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between major depression and heart rate variability. Clinical consequences and implications for antidepressive treatment
    • PII S0165178102002251
    • Agelink MW, Boz C, Ullrich H, et al. Relationship between major depression and heart rate variability. Clinical consequences and implications for antidepressive treatment. Psychiatry Res 2002;113:139-49. (Pubitemid 35447731)
    • (2002) Psychiatry Research , vol.113 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 139-149
    • Agelink, M.W.1    Boz, C.2    Ullrich, H.3    Andrich, J.4
  • 34
    • 0031265887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QTc interval (cardiac repolarization): Lengthening after meals
    • Nagy D, DeMeersman R, Gallagher D, et al. QTc interval (cardiac repolarization): lengthening after meals. Obes Res 1997;5:531-7. (Pubitemid 127702674)
    • (1997) Obesity Research , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 531-537
    • Nagy, D.1
  • 35
    • 0020078658 scopus 로고
    • Influence of heart rate and inhibition of autonomic tone on the QT interval
    • Ahnve S, Vallin H. Influence of heart rate and inhibition of autonomic tone on the QT interval. Circulation 1982;65:435-9. (Pubitemid 12168343)
    • (1982) Circulation , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 435-439
    • Ahnve, S.1    Vallin, H.2
  • 36
    • 0019919335 scopus 로고
    • The influence of the autonomic nervous-system on QT interval
    • Browne KF, Zipes DP, Heger JJ, et al. The influence of the autonomic nervous-system on QT interval. Am J Cardiol 1982;49:898.
    • (1982) Am J Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 898
    • Browne, K.F.1    Zipes, D.P.2    Heger, J.J.3
  • 37
    • 0034332767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rate-dependence of QT dispersion and the QT interval: Comparison of atrial pacing and exercise testing
    • Zabel M, Franz MR, Klingenheben T, et al. Rate-dependence of QT dispersion and the QT interval: comparison of atrial pacing and exercise testing. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000;36:1654-8.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 1654-1658
    • Zabel, M.1    Franz, M.R.2    Klingenheben, T.3
  • 38
    • 33747242657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathomimetic infusion and cardiac repolarization: The normative effects of epinephrine and isoproterenol in healthy subjects
    • Magnano AR, Talathoti N, Hallur R, et al. Sympathomimetic infusion and cardiac repolarization: the normative effects of epinephrine and isoproterenol in healthy subjects. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2006;17:983-9.
    • (2006) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.17 , pp. 983-989
    • Magnano, A.R.1    Talathoti, N.2    Hallur, R.3
  • 39
    • 0037458097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of adrenergic stimulation on action potential duration restitution in humans
    • DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000044941.13346.74
    • Taggart P, Sutton P, Chalabi Z, et al. Effect of adrenergic stimulation on action potential duration restitution in humans. Circulation 2003;107:285-9. (Pubitemid 36135225)
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , Issue.2 , pp. 285-289
    • Taggart, P.1    Sutton, P.2    Chalabi, Z.3    Boyett, M.R.4    Simon, R.5    Elliott, D.6    Gill, J.S.7
  • 40
    • 33645837018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epinephrine QT stress testing in the evaluation of congenital long-QT syndrome: Diagnostic accuracy of the paradoxical QT response
    • DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.600445, PII 0000301720060321000005
    • Vyas H, Hejlik J, Ackerman MJ. Epinephrine QT stress testing in the evaluation of congenital long-QT syndrome: diagnostic accuracy of the paradoxical QT response. Circulation 2006;113:1385-92. (Pubitemid 43739434)
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , Issue.11 , pp. 1385-1392
    • Vyas, H.1    Hejlik, J.2    Ackerman, M.J.3
  • 42
    • 54249107164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thorough QT/QTc study in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: Cardiac safety of rotigotine
    • Malik M, Andreas JO, Hnatkova K, et al. Thorough QT/QTc study in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease: cardiac safety of rotigotine. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008;84:595-603.
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.84 , pp. 595-603
    • Malik, M.1    Andreas, J.O.2    Hnatkova, K.3
  • 43
    • 51849093126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-thorough QT study as part of a first-in-man study
    • Malik M, Hnatkova K, Ford J, et al. Near-thorough QT study as part of a first-in-man study. J Clin Pharmacol 2008;48:1146-57.
    • (2008) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.48 , pp. 1146-1157
    • Malik, M.1    Hnatkova, K.2    Ford, J.3
  • 44
    • 54549090165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurately measured and properly heart-rate corrected QTc intervals show little daytime variability
    • Malik M, Hnatkova K, Schmidt A, et al. Accurately measured and properly heart-rate corrected QTc intervals show little daytime variability. Heart Rhythm 2008;5:1424-31.
    • (2008) Heart Rhythm , vol.5 , pp. 1424-1431
    • Malik, M.1    Hnatkova, K.2    Schmidt, A.3
  • 45
    • 55649083906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subject-specific heart rate dependency of electrocardiographic QT, PQ, and QRS intervals
    • Malik M, Hnatkova K, Sisakova M, et al. Subject-specific heart rate dependency of electrocardiographic QT, PQ, and QRS intervals. J Electrocardiol 2008;41:491-7.
    • (2008) J Electrocardiol , vol.41 , pp. 491-497
    • Malik, M.1    Hnatkova, K.2    Sisakova, M.3
  • 46
    • 0036181222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between QT and RR intervals is highly individual among healthy subjects: Implications for heart rate correction of the QT interval
    • Malik M, Farbom P, Batchvarov V, et al. Relation between QT and RR intervals is highly individual among healthy subjects: implications for heart rate correction of the QT interval. Heart 2002;87:220-8. (Pubitemid 34177674)
    • (2002) Heart , vol.87 , Issue.3 , pp. 220-228
    • Malik, M.1    Farbom, P.2    Batchvarov, V.3    Hnatkova, K.4    Camm, A.J.5
  • 47
    • 15244356080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of ventricular repolarization dynamicity in predicting arrhythmic deaths in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (from the European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial)
    • DOI 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.11.047
    • Milliez P, Leenhardt A, Maisonblanche P, et al. Usefulness of ventricular repolarization dynamicity in predicting arrhythmic deaths in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (from the European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial). Am J Cardiol 2005;95:821-6. (Pubitemid 40386791)
    • (2005) American Journal of Cardiology , vol.95 , Issue.7 , pp. 821-826
    • Milliez, P.1    Leenhardt, A.2    Maisonblanche, P.3    Vicaut, E.4    Badilini, F.5    Siliste, C.6    Benchetrit, C.7    Coumel, P.8
  • 48
    • 0032926741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • QT interval analysis on ambulatory electrocardiogram recordings: A selective beat averaging approach
    • Badilini F, Maison-Blanche P, Childers R, et al. QT interval analysis on ambulatory electrocardiogram recordings: a selective beat averaging approach. Med Biol Eng Comput 1999;37:71-9.
    • (1999) Med Biol Eng Comput , vol.37 , pp. 71-79
    • Badilini, F.1    Maison-Blanche, P.2    Childers, R.3
  • 49
    • 33845472240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of rapid heart rate changes for electrocardiographic analysis: Implications for thorough QT studies
    • DOI 10.1002/clc.20
    • Extramiana F, Maison-Blanche P, Haggui A, et al. Control of rapid heart rate changes for electrocardiographic analysis: implications for thorough QT studies. Clin Cardiol 2006;29:534-9. (Pubitemid 44914781)
    • (2006) Clinical Cardiology , vol.29 , Issue.12 , pp. 534-539
    • Extramiana, F.1    Maison-Blanche, P.2    Haggui, A.3    Badilini, F.4    Beaufils, P.5    Leenhardt, A.6
  • 52
    • 34249723700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the nonclinical telemetered ECG: Impact of logging rate and RR bin width in the dog and cynomolgus monkey
    • DOI 10.1016/j.vascn.2006.12.002, PII S1056871906001262
    • Holzgrefe HH, Cavero I, Gleason CR. Analysis of the nonclinical telemetered ECG: impact of logging rate and RR bin width in the dog and cynomolgus monkey. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2007;56:34-42. (Pubitemid 46829927)
    • (2007) Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-42
    • Holzgrefe, H.H.1    Cavero, I.2    Gleason, C.R.3
  • 54
    • 77953342223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing QT prolongation and electrocardiography restitution using a beat-to-beat method
    • Fossa AA, Zhou MJ. Assessing QT prolongation and electrocardiography restitution using a beat-to-beat method. Cardiol J 2010;17:230-43.
    • (2010) Cardiol J , vol.17 , pp. 230-243
    • Fossa, A.A.1    Zhou, M.J.2
  • 57
    • 33846967128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of correlation between exercise and sibenadet-induced changes in heart rate corrected measurement of the QT interval
    • Newbold P, Sanders N, Reele SB. Lack of correlation between exercise and sibenadet-induced changes in heart rate corrected measurement of the QT interval. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2007;63:279-87.
    • (2007) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.63 , pp. 279-287
    • Newbold, P.1    Sanders, N.2    Reele, S.B.3
  • 58
    • 0036376692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the QT interval in clinical trials
    • Dmitrienko A, Smith BP. Analysis of the QT interval in clinical trials. Drug Info J 2002;36:269-79.
    • (2002) Drug Info J , vol.36 , pp. 269-279
    • Dmitrienko, A.1    Smith, B.P.2
  • 59
    • 10944252443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated-measures models in the analysis of QT interval
    • Dmitrienko A, Smith B. Repeated-measures models in the analysis of QT interval. Pharm Stat 2003;2:175-90.
    • (2003) Pharm Stat , vol.2 , pp. 175-190
    • Dmitrienko, A.1    Smith, B.2
  • 60
    • 45849085419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical analysis methods for QT/QTc prolongation
    • DOI 10.1080/10543400801995494, PII 793011867
    • Ma HJ, Smith B, Dmitrienko A. Statistical analysis methods for QT/QTc prolongation. J Biopharm Stat 2008;18:553-63. (Pubitemid 351891694)
    • (2008) Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 553-563
    • Ma, H.1    Smith, B.2    Dmitrienko, A.3
  • 61
    • 33646654192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling in the data analysis and interpretation of drug-induced QT/QTc prolongation
    • Piotrovsky V. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling in the data analysis and interpretation of drug-induced QT/QTc prolongation. AAPS J 2005;7:E609-24.
    • (2005) AAPS J , vol.7
    • Piotrovsky, V.1
  • 62
    • 70350422753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is a thorough QTc study necessary? The role of modeling and simulation in evaluating the QTc prolongation potential of drugs
    • Rohatagi S, Carrothers TJ, Kuwabara-Wagg J, et al. Is a thorough QTc study necessary? The role of modeling and simulation in evaluating the QTc prolongation potential of drugs. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:1284-96.
    • (2009) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 1284-1296
    • Rohatagi, S.1    Carrothers, T.J.2    Kuwabara-Wagg, J.3
  • 63
    • 84889736186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a drug induced-QT/QTc prolongation in the presence of the drug induced changes in heart rate by using population PK/PD modeling approach: Sibenadet experience
    • Li J. Evaluation of a drug induced-QT/QTc prolongation in the presence of the drug induced changes in heart rate by using population PK/PD modeling approach: sibenadet experience. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008;83(S4]).
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , Issue.S4
    • Li, J.1
  • 66
    • 0021072698 scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and electrophysiology of oral propafenone for ventricular tachycardia
    • Connolly SJ, Kates RE, Lebsack CS, et al. Clinical efficacy and electrophysiology of oral propafenone for ventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1983;52:1208-13. (Pubitemid 14243974)
    • (1983) American Journal of Cardiology , vol.52 , Issue.10 , pp. 1208-1213
    • Connolly, S.J.1    Kates, R.E.2    Lebsack, C.S.3
  • 67
    • 0026316930 scopus 로고
    • Effect of pentisomide (CM 7857) on myocardial excitation, conduction, repolarization, and refractoriness. An electrophysiological study in humans
    • Olsson SB, Edvardsson N, Newell PA, et al. Effect of pentisomide (CM 7857) on myocardial excitation, conduction, repolarization, and refractoriness. An electrophysiological study in humans. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1991;18:849-54.
    • (1991) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.18 , pp. 849-854
    • Olsson, S.B.1    Edvardsson, N.2    Newell, P.A.3
  • 68
    • 0021363029 scopus 로고
    • Class 1 antiarrhythmic drugs - Characteristic electrocardiographic differences when assessed by atrial and ventricular pacing
    • Milne JR, Hellestrand KJ, Bexton RS, et al. Class 1 antiarrhythmic drugs-characteristic electrocardiographic differences when assessed by atrial and ventricular pacing. Eur Heart J 1984;5:99-107. (Pubitemid 14161449)
    • (1984) European Heart Journal , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-107
    • Milne, J.R.1    Hellestrand, K.J.2    Bexton, R.S.3
  • 69
    • 0029619196 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug dofetilide on the atrial and ventricular intracardiac monophasic action potential in patients with angina pectoris
    • Sedgwick ML, Dalrymple I, Rae AP, et al. Effects of the new class III antiarrhythmic drug dofetilide on the atrial and ventricular intracardiac monophasic action potential in patients with angina pectoris. Eur Heart J 1995;16:1641-6. (Pubitemid 26037798)
    • (1995) European Heart Journal , vol.16 , Issue.11 , pp. 1641-1646
    • Sedgwick, M.L.1    Dalrymple, I.2    Rae, A.P.3    Cobbe, S.M.4
  • 70
    • 0028925216 scopus 로고
    • Tolerance and effects of almokalant, a new selective Ik blocking agent, on ventricular repolarization and on sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodal function in the heart: A study in healthy, male volunteers utilizing transesophageal atrial stimulation
    • Darpo B, Almgren O, Bergstrand R, et al. Tolerance and effects of almokalant, a new selective Ik blocking agent, on ventricular repolarization and on sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodal function in the heart: a study in healthy, male volunteers utilizing transesophageal atrial stimulation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995;25:681-90.
    • (1995) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.25 , pp. 681-690
    • Darpo, B.1    Almgren, O.2    Bergstrand, R.3
  • 71
    • 0034126327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic effects of a calcium sensitizer inotrope levosimendan administered intravenously in patients with normal cardiac function
    • DOI 10.1097/00005344-200004000-00021
    • Toivonen L, Viitasalo M, Sundberg S, et al. Electrophysiologic effects of a calcium sensitizer inotrope levosimendan administered intravenously in patients with normal cardiac function. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000;35:664-9. (Pubitemid 30185469)
    • (2000) Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 664-669
    • Toivonen, L.1    Viitasalo, M.2    Sundberg, S.3    Akkila, J.4    Lehtonen, L.5
  • 73
    • 0025139453 scopus 로고
    • Value of esophageal pacing in evaluation of supraventricular tachycardia
    • Brembilla-Perrot B, Spatz F, Khaldi E, et al. Value of esophageal pacing in evaluation of supraventricular tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1990;65:322-30.
    • (1990) Am J Cardiol , vol.65 , pp. 322-330
    • Brembilla-Perrot, B.1    Spatz, F.2    Khaldi, E.3
  • 74
    • 0020058783 scopus 로고
    • Esophageal pacing: A diagnostic and therapeutic tool
    • Gallagher JJ, Smith WM, Kerr CR, et al. Esophageal pacing: a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Circulation 1982;65:336-41. (Pubitemid 12219028)
    • (1982) Circulation , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 336-341
    • Gallagher, J.J.1    Smith, W.M.2    Kerr, C.R.3
  • 75
    • 0022572007 scopus 로고
    • Effect of long term treatment with metoprolol and sotalol on ventricular repolarisation measured by use of transoesophageal atrial pacing
    • Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Dohnal M, Hirsch I, et al. Effect of long term treatment with metoprolol and sotalol on ventricular repolarisation measured by use of transoesophageal atrial pacing. Br Heart J 1986;55:181-6. (Pubitemid 16130028)
    • (1986) British Heart Journal , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-186
    • Blomstrom-Lundqvist, C.1    Dohnal, M.2    Hirsch, I.3
  • 76
    • 0028990713 scopus 로고
    • Selective Ik blocker almokalant exhibits class III-specific effects on the repolarization and refractoriness of the human heart: A study of healthy volunteers using right ventricular monophasic action potential recordings
    • Darpo B, Vallin H, Almgren O, et al. Selective Ik blocker almokalant exhibits class III-specific effects on the repolarization and refractoriness of the human heart: a study of healthy volunteers using right ventricular monophasic action potential recordings. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995;26:530-40.
    • (1995) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.26 , pp. 530-540
    • Darpo, B.1    Vallin, H.2    Almgren, O.3
  • 77
  • 78
    • 0029741236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of dofetilide on QT-interval duration and dispersion at various heart rates during exercise in humans
    • Demolis JL, Funck-Brentano C, Ropers J, et al. Influence of dofetilide on QT-interval duration and dispersion at various heart rates during exercise in humans. Circulation 1996;94:1592-9. (Pubitemid 26320263)
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , Issue.7 , pp. 1592-1599
    • Demolis, J.-L.1    Funck-Brentano, C.2    Ropers, J.3    Ghadanfar, M.4    Nichols, D.J.5    Jaillon, P.6
  • 81
    • 0034525584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a single oral dose of moxifloxacin (400 mg and 800 mg) on ventricular repolarization in healthy subjects
    • DOI 10.1067/mcp.2000.111482
    • Demolis JL, Kubitza D, Tenneze L, et al. Effect of a single oral dose of moxifloxacin (400 mg and 800 mg) on ventricular repolarization in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;68:658-66. (Pubitemid 32059992)
    • (2000) Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.68 , Issue.6 , pp. 658-666
    • Demolis, J.-L.1    Kubitza, D.2    Tenneze, L.3    Funck-Brentano, C.4
  • 82
    • 0037374044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of single and repeated oral doses of telithromycin on cardiac QT interval in healthy subjects
    • DOI 10.1067/mcp.2003.4
    • Demolis JL, Vacheron F, Cardus S, et al. Effect of single and repeated oral doses of telithromycin on cardiac QT interval in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73:242-52. (Pubitemid 36269675)
    • (2003) Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.73 , Issue.3 , pp. 242-252
    • Demolis, J.-L.1    Vacheron, F.2    Cardus, S.3    Funck-Brentano, C.4
  • 83
    • 0026031020 scopus 로고
    • Rate dependence of sotalolinduced prolongation of ventricular repolarization during exercise in humans
    • Funck-Brentano C, Kibleur Y, Le CF, et al. Rate dependence of sotalolinduced prolongation of ventricular repolarization during exercise in humans. Circulation 1991;83:536-45.
    • (1991) Circulation , vol.83 , pp. 536-545
    • Funck-Brentano, C.1    Kibleur, Y.2    Le, C.F.3
  • 85
    • 79960602475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetic and concentration-QTc models for moxifloxacin: Pooled analysis of 20 thorough QT studies
    • Florian JA, Tornoe CW, Brundage R, et al. Population pharmacokinetic and concentration-QTc models for moxifloxacin: pooled analysis of 20 thorough QT studies. J Clin Pharmacol 2011:1152-62.
    • (2011) J Clin Pharmacol , pp. 1152-1162
    • Florian, J.A.1    Tornoe, C.W.2    Brundage, R.3
  • 86
    • 77951689876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical characteristics of moxifloxacin-induced QTc effect
    • Yan LK, Zhang J, Ng MJ, et al. Statistical characteristics of moxifloxacin-induced QTc effect. J Biopharm Stat 2010;20:497-507.
    • (2010) J Biopharm Stat , vol.20 , pp. 497-507
    • Yan, L.K.1    Zhang, J.2    Ng, M.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.