Appreciation: A spiritual path to finding value and meaning in the workplace

Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 167-187

  Fagley, N S ^a   Adler, Mitchel G ^b  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Mindbody Intelligence Consulting   (United States)

Author keywords

appreciation; awe; gratitude; present moment; spirituality; thankful; workplace

Indexed keywords

EID: 84862139611     PISSN: 14766086     EISSN: 1942258X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14766086.2012.688621     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Adler, M.G., 2002. Conceptualizing and measuring appreciation: the development of a positive psychology construct. Doctoral dissertation. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University.
2. Adler, M.G. and Fagley, N.S., 2005. Appreciation: individual differences in finding value and meaning as a unique predictor of subjective well-being. Journal of personality, 73, 79-114.
3. Algoe, S., Gable, S.L., and Maisel, N., 2010. It's the little things: everyday gratitude as a booster shot for romantic relationships. Personal relationships, 17, 217-233.
4. Algoe, S., Haidt, J., and Gable, S.L., 2008. Beyond reciprocity: gratitude and relationships in everyday life. Emotion, 8, 425-429.
5. Ashforth, B.E. and Pratt, M.G., 2003. Institutionalized spirituality: an oxymoron? In: R.A. Giacalone and C.L. Jurkiewicz, eds. Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 93-107
6. Ashmos, D.P. and Duchon, D., 2000. Spirituality at work: a conceptualization and measure. Journal of management inquiry, 9, 134-145.
7. Bartlett, M.Y. and DeSteno, D., 2006. Gratitude and prosocial behavior: helping when it costs you. Psychological science, 17, 319-325.
8. Bello, R.S., et al., 2010. Verbal and nonverbal methods for expressing appreciation in friendships and romantic relationships: a cross-cultural comparison. International journal of intercultural relations, 34, 294-302.
9. Brown, K.W. and Ryan, R.M., 2003. The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84, 822-848.
10. Bryant, F.B. and Veroff, J., 2007. Savoring: a new model of positive experience. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
11. Buckingham, M. and Coffman, C., 1999. First, break all the rules. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
12. Cacioppo, J.T., et al., 2005. Sociality, spirituality, and meaning making: Chicago health, aging, and social relations study. Review of general psychology, 9, 143-155.
13. Cameron, K.S., Dutton, J.E., and Quinn, R.E., 2003. Positive organizational scholarship: foundations of a new discipline. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.
14. Carstensen, L.L. and Mikels, J.A., 2005. At the intersection of emotion and cognition: aging and the positivity effect. Current directions in psychological science, 14, 117-121.
15. Cohen, S., Gottlieb, B.H., and Underwood, L.G., 2000. Social relationships and health. In: S. Cohen, L.G. Underwood, and B.H. Gottlieb, eds. Social support measurement and intervention: a guide for health and social scientists. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 3-25.
16. Dunn, J.R. and Schweitzer, M.E., 2005. Feeling and believing: the influence of emotion on trust. Journal of personality and social psychology, 88, 736-748.
17. Einarsen, S. and Mikkelsen, E.G., 2003. Individual effects of exposure to bullying at work. In: S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, and C.L. Cooper, eds. Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: international perspectives in research and practice. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis, 127-144.
18. Emmons, R.A. and McCullough, M.E., 2003. Counting blessings versus burdens: an experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of personality and social psychology, 84, 377-389.
19. Fowler, J.H. and Christakis, N.A., 2008. Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham heart study. British medical journal, 337, doi: 10.1136/bmj.a2338.
20. Fredrickson, B.L., 1998. What good are positive emotions? Review of general psychology, 2, 300-319.
21. Fredrickson, B.L., 2004. Gratitude, like other positive emotions, broadens and builds. In: R.A. Emmons and M.E. McCullough, eds. The psychology of gratitude. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 145-166.
22. Fredrickson, B.L., et al., 2008. Open hearts build lives: positive emotions, induced through meditation, build consequential personal resources. Journal of personality and social psychology, 95, 1045-1062.
23. Fry, L.W. and Slocum, J.W. Jr., 2008. Maximizing the triple bottom line through spiritual leadership. Organizational dynamics, 37, 86-96.
24. Fuller, R.C., 2006. Wonder: from emotion to spirituality. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
25. Gable, S.L. and Haidt, J., 2005. What (and why) is positive psychology? Review of general psychology, 9, 103-110.
26. Giacalone, R.A. and Jurkiewicz, C.L., 2003. Toward a science of workplace spirituality. In: R.A. Giacalone and C.L. Jurkiewicz, eds. Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 3-28.
27. Giluk, T.L., 2009. Mindfulness, big five personality, and affect: a meta-analysis. Personality and individual differences, 47, 805-811.
28. Harter, J.K., Schmitt, F.L., and Hayes, T.L., 2002. Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: a meta-analysis. Journal of applied psychology, 87, 268-279.
29. Heilman, R.M., et al., 2010. Emotion regulation and decision making under risk and uncertainty. Emotion, 10, 257-265.
30. Hodges, T.D. and Clifton, D.O., 2004. Strengths-based development in practice. In: P. A. Linley and S. Jseph, eds. Positive psychology in practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 256-268, chapter 16.
31. Hoel, H., Einarsen, S., and Cooper, C.L., 2003. Organisational effects of bullying. In: S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, and C.L. Cooper, eds. Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: international perspectives in research and practice. New York, NY: Taylor & Francis, 145-161.
32. Howell, A.J., Digdon, N.L., and Buro, K., 2010. Mindfulness predicts sleep-related self-regulation and well-being. Personality and individual differences, 48, 419-424.
33. Isen, A.M., 2001. An influence of positive affect on decision making in complex situations: theoretical issues with practical implications. Journal of consumer psychology, 11, 75-85.
34. Isen, A.M., Daubman, K.A., andNowicki, G.P., 1987. Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52, 1122-1131.
35. Janoff-Bulman, R. and Berger, A.R., 2000. The other side of trauma: towards a psychology of appreciation. In: J.H. Harvey and E.D. Miller, eds. Loss and trauma: general and close relationship perspectives. Philadelphia, PA: Bruner-Routledge, 29-44.
36. Karakas, F., 2010. Spirituality and performance in organizations: a literature review. Journal of business ethics, 94, 89-106.
37. Kashdan, T.B., et al., 2009. Gender differences in gratitude: examining appraisals, narratives, the willingness to express emotions, and changes in psychological needs. Journal of personality, 77, 691-730.
38. Keltner, D. and Haidt, J., 2003. Approaching awe, a moral, spiritual, and aesthetic emotion. Cognition and emotion, 17, 297-314.
39. Koenig, H.G., 2008. Concerns about measuring "spirituality" in research. Journal of nervous and mental disease, 196, 349-355.
40. Kurtz, J.L., 2008. Looking to the future to appreciate the present: the benefits of perceived temporal scarcity. Psychological science, 19, 1238-1241.
41. Lambert, N.M., et al., 2010. Benefits of expressing gratitude: expressing gratitude to a partner changes one's view of the relationship. Psychological science, 21, 574-580.
42. Lambert, N.M., Graham, S.M., and Fincham, F.D., 2009. A prototype analysis of gratitude: varieties of gratitude experiences. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 35, 1193-1207.
43. Luthans, F. and Youssef, CM., 2009. Positive workplaces. In: C.R. Snyder and S J. Lopez, eds. Oxford handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 579-588.
44. Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., and Diener, E., 2005. The benefits of frequent positive affect: does happiness lead to success? Psychological bulletin, 131, 803-855.
45. Marianetti, O. and Passmore, J., 2010. Mindfulness at work: paying attention to enhance well-being and performance. In: PA. Linley, S. Harrington, and N. Garcea, eds. Oxford handbook of positive psychology and work. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 189-200.
46. McCraty, R., et al., 1995. The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability. American journal of cardiology, 76, 1089-1093.
47. McCraty, R. and Childre, D., 2004. The grateful heart: the psychophysiology of appreciation. In: R. Emmons and M. McCullough, eds. The psychology of gratitude. New York, NY: Qxford University Press, 230-255.
48. Mikkelsen, E.G. and Einarsen, S., 2002. Relationships between exposure to bullying at work and psychological and psychosomatic health complaints: the role of state negative affectivity and generalized self-efficacy. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 43, 397-405.
49. Miller, E., 2003. Imagining partner loss and mortality salience: consequences for romantic-relationship satisfaction. Social behavior and personality, 31 (2), 167-180.
50. Paragament, K.I. and Mahoney, A., 2009. Spirituality: the search for the sacred. In: C. R. Snyder and S.J. Lopez, eds. Oxford handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 611-619.
51. Peterson, C., 2006. A primer in positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
52. Peterson, C. and Park, N., 2009. Classifying and measuring strengths of character. In:C.R. Snyder and S.J. Lopez, eds. Oxford handbook of positive psychology. Oxford: Oxford, University Press,25-33.
53. Peterson, C. and Seligman, M.E.P., 2004. Character strengths and virtues: a handbook and classification. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
54. Pryce-Jones, J., 2010. Happiness at work: maximizing your psychological capital for success. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
55. Reis, H.T., et al., 2000. Daily well-being: the role of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 26, 419-435.
56. Rholes, W.S. and Simpson, J.A., eds., 2004. Adult attachment: theory, research, and clinical implications. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
57. Rushing, H., 2009. The power of purpose. Paper presented at the Gallup Global Well-being Forum, October 1, 2009. Washington DC.
58. Schneider, S., 2001. In search of realistic optimism: meaning, knowledge, and warm fuzziness. American psychologist, 56, 250-263.
59. Seligman, M.E.P., et al., 2005. Positive psychology progress: empirical validation of interventions. American psychologist, 60, 410-421.
60. Shiota, M.N., Keltner, D., and Mossman, A., 2007. The nature of awe: elicitors, appraisals, and effects on self-concept. Cognition and emotion, 21, 944-963.
61. Siegel, D., 1999. The developing mind: how relationships and the brain interact to shape who we are. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
62. Siegel, D., 2007. The mindful brain: reflection and attunement in the cultivation of well-being. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
63. Simmons, B.L., et al., 2009. Secure attachment: Implications for hope, trust, burnout, and performance. Journal of organizational behavior, 30, 233-247.
64. Snyder, C.R. and Lopez, S.J., 2007. Positive psychology: the scientific and practical exploration of human strengths. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
65. Tepper, B.J., 2003. Organizational citizenship behavior and the spiritual employee. In: R.A. Giacalone and C.L. Jurkiewicz, eds. Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 181-190.
66. Tsang, J., 2006. Gratitude and prosocial behaviour: an experimental test of gratitude. Cognition and emotion, 20, 138-148.
67. Tucker, K.L., 2007. Getting the most out of life: an examination of appreciation, targets of appreciation, and sensitivity to reward in happier and less happy individuals. Journal of social and clinical psychology, 26, 791-825.
68. Watkins, P.C., et al., 2003. Gratitude and happiness: development of a measure of gratitude, and relationships with subjective well-being. Social behavior and personality, 31, 431-452.
69. West, B.J., Patera, J.L., and Carsten, M.K., 2009. Team level positivity: investigating positive psychological capacities and team level outcomes. Journal of occupational behavior, 30, 249-267.
70. Wood, A.M., et al., 2008. The role of gratitude in the development of social support, stress, and depression: two longitudinal studies. Journal of research in personality, 42, 854-871.
71. Wood, A.M., et al., 2009. Gratitude influences sleep through the mechanism of pre-sleep cognitions. Journal of psychosomatic research, 66, 43-48.
72. Wright, T.A. and Cropanzano, R., 2000. Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5, 84-94.
73. Yerkes, R.M. and Dodson, J.D., 1908. The relation of strength of stimulus to rapidity of habit-formation. Journal of comparative neurology and psychology, 18, 459-482.