The association of insulin resistance and carotid atherosclerosis with thigh and calf circumference in patients with type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular Diabetology

Volumn 11, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Park, Jong S ^a   Cho, Min H ^a   Ahn, Chul W ^a   Kim, Kyung R ^a   Huh, Kap B ^b  

^a Yonsei University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b Huh's Diabetes Center and the 21st Century Diabetes and Vascular Research Inst   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Calf circumference; Insulin resistance; Intima media thickness; Thigh circumference; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Indexed keywords

GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INSULIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; CALF CIRCUMFERENCE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DISEASE DURATION; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; INSULIN TOLERANCE TEST; INTRAABDOMINAL FAT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; SMOKING; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; THIGH CIRCUMFERENCE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

ADIPOSITY; ADULT; AGED; ANTHROPOMETRY; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASES; CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INSULIN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT; LEG; LINEAR MODELS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; ODDS RATIO; REPUBLIC OF KOREA; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; THIGH;

EID: 84861951225     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-62     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Reaven GM. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988, 37:1595-1607. 10.2337/diabetes.37.12.1595, 3056758.
2. Ziaei S, Sayahi M, Faghihzadeh S. Relationship between reproductive aging, body composition, hormonal status and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2011, 14:649-653. 10.3109/13697137.2011.570386, 21942693.
3. Koh H, Hayashi T, Sato KK, Harita N, Maeda I, Nishizawa Y, Endo G, Fujimoto WY, Boyko EJ, Hikita Y. Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study. Hypertens Res 2011, 34:565-572. 10.1038/hr.2010.271, 21228782.
4. Bozorgmanesh M, Hadaegh F, Khalili D, Azizi F. Prognostic significance of the Complex " Visceral Adiposity Index" vs. simple anthropometric measures: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012, 11:20. [Epub ahead of print], 10.1186/1475-2840-11-20, 3376032, 22394430.
5. Mirrakhimov AE, Lunegova OS, Kerimkulova AS, Moldokeeva CB, Nabiev MP, Mirrakhimov EM. Cut off values for abdominal obesity as a criterion of metabolic syndrome in an ethnic Kyrgyz population (central Asian region). Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012, 11:16. [Epub ahead of print], 10.1186/1475-2840-11-16, 3350380, 22356810.
6. Hayashi T, Boyko EJ, McNeely MJ, Leonetti DL, Kahn SE, Fujimoto WY. Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with an increase in future insulin resistance in Japanese Americans. Diabetes 2008, 57:1269-1275. 10.2337/db07-1378, 18299316.
7. Huh KB. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of Korean patients with non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proceedings of the 8th Japan Korea Symposium on Diabetes Mellitus: 27-30 Oct 1995; Ube, Japan 1995, 34-35. Japan Diabetes Society and Korean Diabetes Association, , Japan Diabetes Society, .
8. Klip A, Paquet MR. Glucose transport and glucose transporters in muscle and their metabolic regulation. Diabetes Care 1990, 13:228-243. 10.2337/diacare.13.3.228, 2407478.
9. Van Pelt RE, Evans EM, Schechtman KB, Ehsani AA, Kohrt WM. Contributions of total and regional fat mass to risk for cardiovascular disease in older women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2002, 282:1023-1028.
10. Snijder MB, Visser M, Dekker JM, Goodpaster BH, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, De Rekeneire N, Kanaya AM, Newman AB, Tylavsky FA, Seidell JC. Low subcutaneous thigh fat is a risk factor for unfavourable glucose and lipid levels, independently of high abdominal fat. The health ABC study. Diabetologia 2005, 48:301-308. 10.1007/s00125-004-1637-7, 15660262.
11. Kwon HR, Han KA, Ahn HJ, Lee JH, Park GS, Min KW. The Correlations between Extremity Circumferences with Total and Regional Amounts of Skeletal Muscle and Muscle Strength in Obese Women with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2011, 35:374-383. 10.4093/dmj.2011.35.4.374, 3178698, 21977457.
12. Heitmann BL, Frederiksen P. Thigh circumference and risk of heart disease and premature death: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2009, 339:729-735.
13. Lee JK, Wu CK, Lin LY, Cheng CL, Lin JW, Hwang JJ, Chiang FT. Insulin resistance in the middle-aged women with Tigerish Back and Bearish Waist. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010, 90:85-87.
14. Tang R, Hennig M, Thomasson B, Scherz R, Ravinetto R, Catalini R, Rubba P, Zanchetti A, Bond MG. Baseline reproducibility of B-mode ultrasound imaging measurements of carotid intima media thickness. J Hypertens 2000, 18:197-201. 10.1097/00004872-200018020-00010, 10694188.
15. Din-Dzietham R, Liao D, Diez-Roux A, Nieto FJ, Paton C, Howard G, Brown A, Carnethon M, Tyroler HA. Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors; the ARIC study, 1987-1993. Am J Epidemiol 1997, 146:483-494. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009302, 9290509.
16. Hodis HN, Mack WJ, LaBree L, Selzer RH, Liu CR, Liu CH, Azen SP. The role of carotid arterial intima-media thickness in predicting clinical coronary events. Ann Intern Med 1998, 128:262-269.
17. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK. Cardiovascular health study collaborative research group: Carotid artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. New Engl J Med 1999, 340:14-22. 10.1056/NEJM199901073400103, 9878640.
18. Gomez-Marcos MA, Recio-Rodríguez JI, Patino-Alonso MC, Agudo-Conde C, Gomez-Sanchez L, Rodriguez-Sanchez E, Gomez-Sanchez M, Garcia-Ortiz L. Yearly evolution of organ damage markers in diabetes or metabolic syndrome: data from the LOD-DIABETES study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011, 10:90. 10.1186/1475-2840-10-90, 3214163, 21999369.
19. Lundby-Christensen L, Almdal TP, Carstensen B, Tarnow L, Wiinberg N. Carotid intima-media thickness in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: a reproducibility study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010, 9:40. 10.1186/1475-2840-9-40, 2931499, 20727128.
20. Reed D, Dwyer KM, Dwyer JH. Abdominal obesity and carotid artery wall thickness. The Los Angeles Atherosclerosis Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003, 27:1546-1551. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802468, 14634688.
21. Yamamoto M, Egusa G, Hara H, Yamakido M. Association of intra abdominal fat and carotid atherosclerosis in non-obese middle-aged men with normal glucose tolerance. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997, 21:948-951. 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800501, 9347415.
22. Park JS, Ahn SG, Hwang JW, Lim HS, Choi BJ, Choi SY, Yoon MH, Hwang GS, Tahk SJ, Shin JH. Impact of body mass index on the relationship of epicardial adipose tissue to metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease in an Asian population. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010, 9:29. 10.1186/1475-2840-9-29, 2913996, 20604967.
23. Debette S, Leone N, Courbon D, Gariépy J, Tzourio C, Dartigues JF, Ritchie K, Alpérovitch A, Ducimetière P, Amouyel P, Zureik M. Calf circumference is inversely associated with carotid plaques. Stroke 2008, 39:2958-2965. 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.520106, 18703804.
24. Kato A, Ishida J, Endo Y, Takita T, Furuhashi M, Maruyama Y, Odamaki M. Association of abdominal visceral adiposity and thigh sarcopenia with changes of arteriosclerosis in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011, 26:1967-1976. 10.1093/ndt/gfq652, 20980356.
25. Kim SK, Kim HJ, Hur KY, Choi SH, Ahn CW, Lim SK, Kim KR, Lee HC, Huh KB, Cha BS. Visceral fat thickness measured by ultrasonography can estimate not only visceral obesity but also risks of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Am J Clin Nutr 2004, 79:593-599.
26. Bonora E, Moghetti P, Zancanaro C, Cigolini M, Querena M, Cacciatori V, Corgnati A, Muggeo M. Estimates of in vivo insulin action in man: comparison of insulin tolerance tests with euglycemic and hyperglycemic glucose clamp studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1989, 68:374-378. 10.1210/jcem-68-2-374, 2645308.
27. Young RP, Critchley JA, Anderson PJ, Lau MS, Lee KK, Chan JC. The short insulin tolerance test: feasibility study using venous sampling. Diabet Med 1996, 13:429-433. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199605)13:5<429::AID-DIA98>3.0.CO;2-K, 8737024.
28. Alberti KG, Daly ME, Robinson A, Marshall SM, Mathers JC. The short insulin tolerance test is safe and reproducible. Diabet Med 16:352-353.
29. Park SW, Yun YS, Ahn CW, Nam JH, Kwon SH, Song MK. Short insulin tolerance test for the determination of in vivo insulin sensitivity: a comparison with euglycemic clamp test. Kor Diabetes J 1998, 22:199-208.
30. Jackson R, Chambless LE, Yang K, Byrne T, Watson R, Folsom A, Shahar E, Kalsbeek W. Differences between respondents and nonrespondents in a multicenter community-based study vary by gender ethnicity. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study Investigators. J Clin Epidemiol 1996, 49:1441-1446. 10.1016/0895-4356(95)00047-X, 8970495.
31. Pignoli P, Tremoli E, Poli A, Oreste P, Paoletti R. Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986, 74:1399-1406. 10.1161/01.CIR.74.6.1399, 3536154.
32. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Kronmal RA, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Wolfson SK. Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults: Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. N Engl J Med 1999, 340:14-22. 10.1056/NEJM199901073400103, 9878640.
33. Chambless LE, Folsom AR, Clegg LX, Sharrett AR, Shahar E, Nieto FJ, Rosamond WD, Evans G. Carotid wall thickness is predictive of incident clinical stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Am J Epidemiol 2000, 151:478-487. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010233, 10707916.
34. Ochi M, Kohara K, Tabara Y, Kido T, Uetani E, Ochi N, Igase M, Miki T. Arterial stiffness is associated with low thigh muscle mass in middle-aged to elderly men. Atherosclerosis 2010, 212:327-332. 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.026, 20554280.
35. Lim KI, Yang SJ, Kim TN, Yoo HJ, Kang HJ, Song W, Baik SH, Choi DS, Choi KM. The association between the ratio of visceral fat to thigh muscle area and metabolic syndrome: the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS). Clin Endocrinol 2010, 73:588-594.
36. Petersen KF, Dufour S, Befroy D, Garcia R, Shulman G. Impaired mitochondrial activity in the insulin-resistant offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2004, 350:664-671. 10.1056/NEJMoa031314, 2995502, 14960743.
37. Boesch C, Slotboom J, Hoppeler H, Kreis R. In vivo determination of intra myocellular lipids in human muscle by means of localized 1H-MR-spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 1997, 37:484-493. 10.1002/mrm.1910370403, 9094069.
38. Tanko LB, Bagger YZ, Alexandersen P, Larsen PJ, Christiansen C. Peripheral adiposity exhibits an independent dominant anti atherogenic effect in elderly women. Circulation 2003, 107:1626-1631. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000057974.74060.68, 12668497.
39. Hara M, Saikawa T, Kurokawa M, Sakata T, Yoshimatsu H. Leg fat percentage correlates negatively with coronary atherosclerosis. Circ J 2004, 68:1173-1178. 10.1253/circj.68.1173, 15564702.
40. Ferreira I, Snijder MB, Twisk JW, van Mechelen W, Kemper HC, Seidell JC, Stehouwer CD. Central fat mass versus peripheral fat and lean mass: opposite (adverse versus favorable) associations with arterial stiffness? The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004, 89:2632-2639. 10.1210/jc.2003-031619, 15181034.
41. Visser M, Newman AB, Nevitt MC, Kritchevsky SB, Stamm EB, Goodpaster BH, Harris TB. Reexamining the sarcopenia hypothesis. Muscle mass versus muscle strength. Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study Research Group. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000, 904:456-461.
42. Kim SK, Park SW, Hwang IJ, Lee YK, Cho YW. High fat stores in ectopic compartments in men with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: an anthropometric determinant of carotid atherosclerosis and insulin resistance. Int J Obes 2010, 34:105-110.