A Clinical Perspective in Evolutionary Medicine: What We Wish We Had Learned in Medical School

Evolution: Education and Outreach

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 574-579

  Alcock, Joe ^a,c   Schwartz, Mark D ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c NEW MEXICO VA HEALTH CARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

Evolution; Host defenses; Medical education; Natural selection; Phylogeny; Tradeoffs; Ultimate causation; Virulence

Indexed keywords

EID: 84861709281     PISSN: 19366426     EISSN: 19366434     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12052-011-0362-1     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Allison AC. Two lessons from the interface of genetics and medicine. Genetics. 2004;166(4):1591-9.
2. Bach J. The effect of infections on susceptibility to autoimmune and allergic diseases. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(12):911-20.
3. Baum D, DeWitt S, Donavan S. The tree-thinking challenge. Science. 2005;310:979-80.
4. Benzel F, Erdur H, Kohler S, Frentsch M, Thiel A, Harms L, Wandinger KP, Rosche B. J Helminthol. 2011;1-9 (in press).
5. Colwell J. Primary care medicine and the education of generalist physicians. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2004.
6. Correale J, Farez MF. The impact of parasite infections on the course of multiple sclerosis. J Immunol. 2011;233:6-11.
7. Dawson LF, Valiente E, Wren BW. Clostridium difficile - a continually evolving and problematic pathogen. Infect Genet Evol. 2009;9(6):1410-7.
8. Day T. The evolution of virulence in vector-borne and directly transmitted parasites. Theor Popul Biol. 2002;62(2):199-213.
9. Downie JR. Evolution in health and disease: the role of evolution in biology in the medical curriculum. Biosci Educ Electron J. 2004;4:1-18.
10. Erasmus V, Daha TJ, Brug H, Richardus JH, Behrendt MD, Vos MC, et al. Systematic review of studies on compliance with hand hygiene guidelines in hospital care. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010;31(3):283-94.
11. Ewald PW. Evolution of virulence. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2004;18(1):1-15.
12. Finch CE, Stanford CB. Meat-adaptive genes and the evolution of slower aging in humans. Q Rev Biol. 2004;79(1):3-50.
13. Franchini M, Mannucci PM. The hemostatic balance revisited through the lessons of mankind evolution. Intern Emerg Med. 2008;3(1):3-8.
14. Gluckman P, Beedle A, Hanson M. Principles of evolutionary medicine. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.
15. Haig D. Genetic conflicts in human-pregnancy. Q Rev Biol. 1993;68(4):495-532.
16. Harris EE, Malyango AA. Evolutionary explanations in medical and health profession courses: are you answering your students' "why" questions? BMC Med Educ. 2005;5(1):16.
17. Harris EE, Meyer D. The molecular signature of selection underlying human adaptations. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl. 2006;43:89-130.
18. Im KM, Kirchhoff T, Wang X, Green T, Chow CY, Vijai J, Korn J, Gaudet MM, Fredericksen Z, Shane Pankratz V, Guiducci C, Crenshaw A, McGuffog L, Kartsonaki C, Morrison J, Healey S, Sinilnikova OM, Mai PL, Greene MH, Piedmonte M, Rubinstein WS, HEBON, Hogervorst FB, Rookus MA, Collee JM, Hoogerbrugge N, van Asperen CJ, Meijers-Heijboer HE, Van Roozendaal CE, Caldes T, Perez-Segura P, Jakubowska A, Lubinski J, Huzarski T, Blecharz P, Nevanlinna H, Aittomaki K, Lazaro C, Blanco I, Barkardottir RB, Montagna M, D'Andrea E, kConFab, Devilee P, Olopade OI, Neuhausen SL, Peissel B, Bonanni B, Peterlongo P, Singer CF, Rennert G, Lejbkowicz F, Andrulis IL, Glendon G, Ozcelik H, Ontario Cancer Genetics Network, Toland AE, Caligo MA, SWE-BRCA, Beattie MS, Chan S, UKFOCR, Domchek SM, Nathanson KL, Rebbeck TR, Phelan C, Narod S, John EM, Hopper JL, Buys SS, Daly MB, Southey MC, Terry MB, Tung N, Hansen TV, Osorio A, Benitez J, Duran M, Weitzel JN, Garber J, Hamann U, EMBRACE, Peock S, Cook M, Oliver CT, Frost D, Platte R, Evans DG, Eeles R, Izatt L, Paterson J, Brewer C, Hodgson S, Morrison PJ, Porteous M, Walker L, Rogers MT, Side LE, Godwin AK, Schmutzler RK, Wappenschmidt B, Laitman Y, Meindl A, Deissler H, Varon-Mateeva R, Preisler-Adams S, Kast K, Venat-Bouvet L, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Chenevix-Trench G, Easton DF, Klein RJ, Daly MJ, Friedman E, Dean M, Clark AG, Altshuler DM, Antoniou AC, Couch FJ, Offit K, Gold B. Haplotype structure in Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Hum Genet. 2011; May 20 Epub ahead of print.
19. Kirkwood TB. The origins of human ageing. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1997;352(1363):1765-72.
20. Kluger MJ, Kozak W, Conn C, Leon L, Soszynski D. The adaptive value of fever. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1996;10(1):1-20.
21. Kuzawa CW. Adipose tissue in human infancy and childhood: an evolutionary perspective. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl. 1998;27:177-209.
22. Lindqvist PG, Dahlback B. Carriership of Factor V Leiden and evolutionary selection advantage. Curr Med Chem. 2008;15(15):1541-4.
23. McMullen AR, May FJ, Li L, Guzman H, Bueno Jr R, Dennett JA, et al. Evolution of new genotype of West Nile virus in North America. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17(5):785-93.
24. Mennerat A, Nilsen F, Ebert D, Skorping A. Intensive farming: evolutionary implications for parasites and pathogens. Evol Biol. 2010;37(23):59-67.
25. Nesse RM. The smoke detector principle. Natural selection and the regulation of defensive responses. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;935:75-85.
26. Nesse RM. Ten questions for evolutionary studies of disease vulnerability. Evol Appl. 2011;4(2):264-77.
27. Nesse RM, Schiffman JD. Evolutionary biology in the medical school curriculum. Bioscience. 2003;53(6):585-7.
28. Nesse RM, Williams GC. Why we get sick. New York: The new science of Darwinian medicine. Times Books; 1994.
29. Nesse RM, Williams GC. On Darwinian medicine. Lfe Sci Res. 1999;3:1-17.
30. O'Connell MJ. Selection and the cell cycle: positive Darwinian selection in a well-known DNA damage response pathway. J Mol Evol. 2010;71(5-6):444-57.
31. Oria RB, Patrick PD, Oria MO, Lorntz B, Thompson MR, Azevedo OG, et al. ApoE polymorphisms and diarrheal outcomes in Brazilian shanty town children. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2010;43(3):249-56.
32. Paul REL, Lafond T, Muller-Graf CDM, Nithiuthai S, Brey PT, Koella JC. Experimental evaluation of the relationship between lethal or non-lethal virulence and transmission success in malaria parasite infections. BMC Evol Biol. 2004;4:30.
33. Pepin J, Valiquette L, Cossette B. Mortality attributable to nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated disease during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain in Quebec. CMAJ. 2005;173(9):1037-42.
34. Profet M. The function of allergy: immunological defense against toxins. Q Rev Biol. 1991;66(1):23-62.
35. Reddy A, Fried B. An update on the use of helminths to treat Crohn's and other autoimmune diseases. Parasitol Res. 2009;104(2):217-21.
36. Rook G. The hygiene hypothesis and the increasing prevalence of chronic inflammatory disorders. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2007;101(11):1072-74.
37. Roth J, Szulc AL, Danoff A. Energy, evolution, and human diseases: an overview. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(4):875S-83.
38. Strachan DP. Hay fever, hygiene, and household size. BMJ. 1989;299(6710):1259-60.
39. Sullivan JE, Farrar H. Fever and antipyretic use in children. Pediatrics. 2011;127(3):580-7.
40. Viswanathan VK, Mallozzi MJ, Vedantam G. Clostridium difficile infection: an overview of the disease and its pathogenesis, epidemiology and interventions. Gut Microbes. 2010;1(4):234-42.
41. Wells JC. The evolution of human fatness and susceptibility to obesity: an ethological approach. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2006;81(2):183-205.
42. Woroby M, Gemmel M, Teuwen DE, Haselkorn T, Kunstman K, Bunce M, et al. Direct evidence of extensive diversity of HIV-1 in Kinshasa by 1960. Nature. 2008;455(7213):661-4.
43. Zerhouni E. Medicine. The NIH roadmap. Science. 2003;302(5062):63-72.