Recent progress and future aspects of organic solar cells

Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 377-415

  Kumar, Pankaj ^a   Chand, Suresh ^a  

^a NATIONAL CHEMICAL LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

bilayer; bulk heterojunction; long term stability; low bandgap polymers; organic solar cells

Indexed keywords

BI-LAYER; BULK HETEROJUNCTION; DEVICE DESIGN; DEVICE PHYSICS; LIGHT-HARVESTING; LONG TERM STABILITY; ORGANIC SOLAR CELL; POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS; RECENT PROGRESS; ROLL TO ROLL;

HETEROJUNCTIONS; OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE;

SOLAR CELLS;

EID: 84861336487     PISSN: 10627995     EISSN: 1099159X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/pip.1141     Document Type: Review

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138. Riedel I, Martin N, Giacalone F, Segura JL, Chirvase D, Parisi J, Dyakonov V,. Polymer solar cells with novel fullerene-based acceptor. Thin Solid Films 2004; 451-452: 43-47.
139. Chirvase D, Chiguvare Z, Knipper M, Parisi J, Dyakonov V, Hummelen JC,. Temperature dependent characteristics of poly(3 hexylthiophene)-fullerene based heterojunction organic solar cells. Journal of Applied Physics 2003; 93: 3376-3383.
140. Kumar H, Kumar P, Chaudhary N, Bhardwaj R, Chand S, Jain SC, Kumar V,. Effect of temperature on the performance of CuPc/C60 photovoltaic device. Journal of Physics. D 2009; 42: 15102.
141. Katz EA, Faiman D, Tuladhar SM, Kroon JM, Wienk MM, Fromherz T, Padinger F, Brabec CJ, Sariciftci NS,. Temperature dependence for the photovoltaic device parameters of polymer-fullerene solar cells under operating conditions. Journal of Applied Physics 2001; 90: 5343-5350. (Pubitemid 33597108)
142. Frohne H, Shaheen SE, Brabec CJ, Muller DC, Sariciftci NS,, Meerholz K,. Influence of the anodic work function on the performance of organic solar cells. Chemphyschem 2002; 3: 795-799.
143. Mihailetchi VD, Blom PWM, Hummelen JC, Rispens MT,. Cathode dependence of the open-circuit voltage of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Journal of Applied Physics 2003; 94: 6849-6854.
144. Simmons JG,. Theory of metallic contacts on high resistivity solids-I. Shallow traps. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 1971; 32: 1987-1999.
145. Uhrich C, Wynands D, Olthof S, Riede MK, Leo K, Sonntag S, Maennig B, Pfeiffer M,. Origin of open circuit voltage in planar and bulk heterojunction organic thin-film photovoltaics depending on doped transport layers. Journal of Applied Physics 2008; 104: 43107.
146. Waldauf C, Schilinsky P, Hauch J, Brabec CJ,. Material and device concepts for organic photovoltaics: towards competitive efficiencies. Thin Solid Films 2004; 451-452: 503-507.
147. Dhariwal SR, Kothari LS, Jain SC,. Saturation of photovoltage and photocurrent in p-n junction solar cells. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 1976; 23: 504-507.
148. Kumar P, Kumar H, Jain SC, Venkatesu P, Chand S, Kumar V,. Effect of active layer thickness on open circuit voltage in organic photovoltaic devices. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 2009; 48: 121501.
149. Barker JA, Ramsdale CM, Greenham NC,. Modeling the current-voltage characteristics of bilayer polymer photovoltaic devices. Physical Review B 2002; 67: 75205.
150. Koster LJA, Smits ECP, Mihailetchi VD, Blom PWM,. Device model for the operation of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. Physical Review B 2005; 72: 85205.
151. Kumar P, Jain SC, Kumar V, Chand S, Tandon RP,. A model for the J-V characteristics of P3HT:PCBM solar cells. Journal of Applied Physics 2009; 105: 104507.
152. Yu G, Zhang C, Heeger AJ,. Dual-function semiconducting polymer devices: Light-emitting and photodetecting diodes. Applied Physics Letters 1994; 64: 1540-1542.
153. Song QL, Li FY, Yang H, Wu HR, Wang XZ, Zhou W, Zhao JM, Ding XM, Huang CH, Hou XY,. Small-molecule organic solar cells with improved stability. Chemical Physics Letters 2005; 416: 42-46.
154. Schuller S, Schilinsky P, Hauch J, Brabec CJ,. Determination of the degradation constant of bulk heterojunction solar cells by accelerated lifetime measurements. Applied Physics A 2004; 79: 37-40.
155. Wu HR, Song QL, Wang ML, Li FY, Yang H, Wu Y, Huang CH, Ding XM, Hou XY,. Stable small-molecule organic solar cells with 1,3,5-tris(2-N- phenylbenzimidazolyl) benzene as an organic buffer. Thin Solid Films 2007; 515: 8050-8053. (Pubitemid 47212321)
156. Krebs FC, Carle JE, Bagger NC, Andersen M, Lilliedal MR, Hammond MA, Hvidt S,. Lifetimes of organic photovoltaics: photochemistry, atmosphere effects and barrier layers in ITO-MEHPPV:PCBM-aluminium devices. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2004; 86: 499-516. (Pubitemid 40259544)
157. Krebs FC,. Encapsulation of polymer photovoltaic prototypes. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2006; 90: 3633-3643. (Pubitemid 44441867)
158. Lee K, Kim JY, Park SH, Kim SH, Cho S, Heeger AJ,. Air-stable polymer electronic devices. Advanced Materials 2007; 19: 2445-2449. (Pubitemid 47481793)
159. Krebs FC,. Air stable polymer photovoltaics based on a process free from vacuum steps and fullerenes. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2008; 92: 715-726.
160. Jørgensen M, Norrman K, Krebs FC,. Stability/degradation of polymer solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2008; 92: 686-714.
161. Cumpston BH, Jensen KF,. Photooxidative stability of substituted poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and poly(phenylene acetylene) (PPA). Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1998; 69: 2451-2558.
162. Neugebauer H, Brabec CJ, Hummelen JC, Sariciftci NS,. Stability and photodegradation mechanisms of conjugated polymer/fullerene plastic solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2000; 61: 35-42. (Pubitemid 30531468)
163. x/PET) barrier films: role of the oxide lattice, nano-defects and macro-defects. Journal of Membrane Science 2002; 208: 75-88. (Pubitemid 35346275)
164. y gas barrier films. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B 2004; 108: 883-890.
165. (a), Norrman K, Larsen NB, Krebs FC,. Lifetimes of organic photovoltaics:
166. (b), Krebs FC, Norrman K,. Analysis of the failure mechanism for a stable organic photovoltaic during 10000h of testing. Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Application 2007; 15: 697-712. (Pubitemid 350264923)
167. Padinger F, Fromherz T, Denk P, Brabec CJ, Zettner J, Hierl T, Sariciftci NS,. Degradation of bulk heterojunction solar cells operated in an inert gas atmosphere: a systematic study. Synthetic Metals 2001; 121: 1605-1606. (Pubitemid 32486310)
168. Kawanoa K, Pacios R, Poplavskyy D, Nelson J, Bradley DDC, Durrant JR,. Degradation of organic solar cells due to air exposure. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2006; 90: 3520-3530. (Pubitemid 44441861)
169. Chambon S, Rivaton A, Gardette JL, Firon M,. Photo- and thermal degradation of MDMO-PPV:PCBM blends. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2007; 91: 394-398. (Pubitemid 46157174)
170. Scurlock RD, Wang B, Ogilby PR, Sheats JR, Clough RL,. Singlet oxygen as a reactive intermediate in the photodegradation of an electroluminescent polymer. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1995; 117: 10194-10202.
171. Yang X, van Duren JKJ, Janssen RAJ, Michels MAJ, Loos J,. Morphology and thermal stability of the active layer in poly(p-phenylenevinylene)/ methanofullerene plastic photovoltaic devices. Macromolecules 2004; 37: 2151-2158.
172. Yang X, Loos J, Veenstra SC, Verhees WJH, Wienk MM, Kroon JM, Michels MAJ, Janssen RAJ,. Nanoscale morphology of high-performance polymer solar cells. Nano Letters 2005; 5: 579-583. (Pubitemid 40609723)
173. Gevorgyan SA, Krebs FC,. Bulk heterojunctions based on native polythiophene. Chemistry of Materials 2008; 20: 4386-4390.
174. Manceau M, Helgesen M, Krebs FC,. Thermo-cleavable polymers: Materials with enhanced photochemical stability. Polymer Degradation and Stability 2010; 95: 2666-2669.
175. Petersen MH, Gevorgyan SA, Krebs FC,. Thermocleavable low band gap polymers and solar cells therefrom with remarkable stability toward oxygen. Macromolecules 2008; 41: 8986-8994.
176. 18O labeling 2009. Applied Materials Interfaces 1: 102-112.
177. Norrman K, Madsen MV, Gevorgyan SA, Krebs FC,. Degradation patterns in water and oxygen of an inverted polymer solar cell. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2010; 132: 16883-16892.
178. Tromholt T, Katz EA, Hirsch B, Vossier A, Krebs FC,. Effects of concentrated sunlight on organic photovoltaics. Applied Physics Letters 2010; 96: 73501.
179. Norrman K, Alstrup J, Jørgensen M, Larsen NB, Lira-Cantu M, Krebs FC,. Three-dimensional chemical and physical analysis of the degradation mechanisms in organic photovoltaics. Proceedings of SPIE 2006; 6334.
180. Zimmermann B, Glatthaar M, Niggemann M, Riede MK, Hinsch A, Gombert A,. ITO-free wrap through organic solar cells-A module concept for cost-efficient reel-to-reel production. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2007; 91: 374-378. (Pubitemid 46149267)
181. Hatton RA, Blanchard NP, Tan LW, Latini G, Cacialli F, Silva SRP,. Oxidised carbon nanotubes as solution processable, high work function hole-extraction layers for organic solar cells. Organic Electronics 2009; 10: 388-395.
182. Wang X, Zhi L, Mullen K,. Transparent, conductive graphene electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nano Letters 2008; 8: 323-327. (Pubitemid 351177822)
183. Jensen BW, Krebs FC,. High-conductivity large-area semi-transparent electrodes for polymer photovoltaics by silk screen printing and vapour-phase deposition. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2006; 90: 123-132. (Pubitemid 41653204)
184. Gyu KM, Jay GL,. Nanoimprinted semitransparent metal electrodes and their application in organic light-emitting diodes. Advanced Materials 2007; 19: 1391-1396.
185. Strange M, Plackett D, Kaasgaard M, Krebs FC,. Biodegradable polymer solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2008; 92: 805-813.
186. Krebs FC,. Fabrication and processing of polymer solar cells: A review of printing and coating techniques. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009; 93: 394-412.
187. Krebs FC,. Polymer solar cell modules prepared using roll-to-roll methods: Knife-over-edge coating, slot-die coating and screen printing. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009; 93: 465-475.
188. Krebs FC, Gevorgyan SA, Alstrup J,. A roll-to-roll process to flexible polymer solar cells: model studies, manufacture and operational stability studies. Journal of Materials Chemistry 2009; 19: 5442-5451.
189. Alstrup J, Jørgensen M, Medford AJ, Krebs FC,. Ultra fast and parsimonious materials screening for polymer solar cells using differentially pumped slot-die coating. Applied Materials Interfaces 2010; 2: 2819-2827.
190. Bundgaard E, Hagemann O, Manceau M, Jørgensen M, Krebs FC,. Low band gap polymers for roll-to-roll coated polymer solar cells. Macromolecules 2010; 43: 8115-8120.
191. Lilliedal MR, Medford AJ, Madsen MV, Norrman K, Krebs FC,. The effect of post-processing treatments on inflection points in current-voltage curves of roll-to-roll processed polymer photovoltaics. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2010; 94: 2018-2031.
192. Krebs FC, Gevorgyan SA, Gholamkhass B, Holdcroft S, Schlenker C, Thompson ME, Thompson BC, Olson D, Ginley DS, Shaheen SE, Alshareef HN, Murphy JW, Youngblood WJ, Heston NC, Reynolds JR, Jia S, Laird D, Tuladhar SM, Dane JGA, Atienzar P, Nelson J, Kroon JM, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ, Tvingstedt K, Zhang F, Andersson M, Inganas O, Lira-Cantu M, de Bettignies R, Guillerez S, Aernouts T, Cheyns D, Lutsen L, Zimmermann B, Wurfel U, Niggemann M, Schleiermacher HF, Liska P, Grätzel M, Lianos P, Katz EA, Lohwasser W, Jannonw B,. A round robin study of flexible large-area roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cell modules. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009; 93: 1968-1977.
193. Krebs FC, Tromholt T, Jørgensen M,. Upscaling of polymer solar cell fabrication using full roll-to-roll processing. Nanoscale 2010, 2: 873-886.
194. Krebs FC,. Roll-to-roll fabrication of monolithic large-area polymer solar cells free from indium-tin-oxide. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009; 93: 1636-1641.
195. Krebs FC,. All solution roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cells free from indium-tin-oxide and vacuum coating steps. Organic Electronics 2009; 10: 761-768.
196. Nielsen TD, Cruickshank C, Foged S, Thorsen J, Krebs FC,. Business, market and intellectual property analysis of polymer solar cells. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2010; 94: 1553-1571.
197. Krebs FC, Fyenbob J, Jørgensen M,. Product integration of compact roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cell modules: methods and manufacture using flexographic printing, slot-die coating and rotary screen printing. Journal of Materials Chemistry 2010; 20: 8994-9001.
198. Medford AJ, Lilliedal MR, Jørgensen M, Aarø D, Pakalski H, Fyenbo J, Krebs FC,. Grid-connected polymer solar panels: initial considerations of cost, lifetime, and practicality. Optics Express 2010; 18: A272-A285.
199. Krebs FC, Nielsen TD, Fyenbo J, Wadstrøm M, Pedersen MS,. Manufacture, integration and demonstration of polymer solar cells in a lamp for the "Lighting Africa" initiative. Energy & Environmental Science 2010; 3: 512-525.
200. Krebs FC, Jørgensen M, Norrman K, Hagemann O, Alstrup J, Nielsen TD, Fyenbo J, Larsen K, Kristensen J,. A complete process for production of flexible large area polymer solar cells entirely using screen printing-First public demonstration. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2009; 93: 422-441.
201. Hou J, Tan Z, Yan Y, He Y, Yang C, Li Y,. Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of two-dimensional conjugated polythiophenes with bi(thienylenevinylene) side chains. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2006; 128: 4911-4916.
202. Chen L, Godovsky D, Inganäs O, Hummelen JC, Janssens RAJ, Svensson M, Andersson MR,. Polymer photovoltaic devices from stratified multilayers of donor-acceptor blends. Advanced Materials 2000; 12: 1367-1370.
203. Alam MM, Jenekhe SA,. Efficient solar cells from layered nanostructures of donor and acceptor conjugated polymers. Chemistry of Materials 2004; 16: 4647-4656.
204. 60 based photovoltaic cells via nanoscale interface modification. Applied Physics Letters 2007; 90: 203505.
205. 60 based heterojunctions. Applied Physics Letters 2005; 86: 243506.
206. 60 heterojunctions. Applied Physics Letters 2004; 85: 5427-5429. (Pubitemid 40043600)
207. Svensson M, Zhang F, Veenstra SC, Verhees WJH, Hummelen JC, Kroon JM, Inganas O, Anderson MR,. High-performance polymer solar cells of an alternating polyfluorene copolymer and a fullerene derivative. Advanced Materials 2003; 15: 988-991.