Outcomes of comprehensive care for children empirically treated for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in a setting of high HIV prevalence

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 5, 2012, Pages

  Satti, Hind ^a,b   McLaughlin, Megan M ^a,c   Omotayo, David B ^a   Keshavjee, Salmaan ^a,b,c   Becerra, Mercedes C ^a,b,c   Mukherjee, Joia S ^a,b,c   Seung, Kwonjune J ^a,c  

^a PARTNERS IN HEALTH   (United States)

^b HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINOSALICYLIC ACID; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; CAPREOMYCIN; CYCLOSERINE; EFAVIRENZ; ETHIONAMIDE; ISONIAZID; KANAMYCIN; LAMIVUDINE; LEVOFLOXACIN; LEVOTHYROXINE; MAGNESIUM; MOXIFLOXACIN; NEVIRAPINE; OFLOXACIN; POTASSIUM; PROCHLORPERAZINE; PROTIONAMIDE; PYRAZINAMIDE; PYRIDOXINE; RIFAMPICIN; STAVUDINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADVERSE OUTCOME; ANEMIA; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; ANXIETY; ARTHRALGIA; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CHILD; CHILD CARE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DEPRESSION; DISEASE SEVERITY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH AUXILIARY; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PREVALENCE; HYPERTRANSAMINASEMIA; HYPOKALEMIA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; LESOTHO; LIVER TOXICITY; LUNG TUBERCULOSIS; MALE; MALNUTRITION; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; MILIARY TUBERCULOSIS; MIXED INFECTION; MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; NAUSEA; NEPHROTOXICITY; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OTOTOXICITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT MONITORING; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW; SCHOOL CHILD; SEIZURE; SIDE EFFECT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STUNTING; THORAX RADIOGRAPHY; TUBERCULOUS LYMPHADENITIS; VISUAL DISORDER; VOMITING;

ADOLESCENT; ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COINFECTION; COMORBIDITY; COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV SEROPREVALENCE; HUMANS; LESOTHO; MALE; PREVALENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUBERCULOSIS, MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT;

EID: 84861313205     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037114     Document Type: Review

References (63)

1. Keshavjee S, Farmer PE, (2010) Picking up the pace-scale-up of MDR tuberculosis treatment programs. N Engl J Med 363: 1781-1784.
2. Nelson LJ, Wells CD, (2004) Global epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 8: 636-647.
3. Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Brittle W, Donald PR, (2009) Surveillance of antituberculosis drug resistance among children from the Western Cape Province of South Africa-an upward trend. Am J Public Health 99: 1486-1490.
4. Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, Hesseling AC, Gie RP, Beyers N, et al. (2006) Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Acta Paediatr 95: 523-528.
5. Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, (2011) Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children: a survival guide for paediatricians. Paediatr Respir Rev 12: 31-38.
6. Schaaf HS, Shean K, Donald PR, (2003) Culture confirmed multidrug resistant tuberculosis: diagnostic delay, clinical features, and outcome. Arch Dis Child 88: 1106-1111.
7. Graham SM, Gie RP, Schaaf HS, Coulter JB, Espinal MA, et al. (2004) Childhood tuberculosis: clinical research needs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 8: 648-657.
8. Al-Dabbagh M, Lapphra K, McGloin R, Inrig K, Schaaf HS, et al. (2011) Drug-resistant tuberculosis: pediatric guidelines. Pediatr Infect Dis J 30: 501-505.
9. Cruz AT, Starke JR, (2007) Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in children. Paediatr Respir Rev 8: 107-117.
10. Eamranond P, Jaramillo E, (2001) Tuberculosis in children: reassessing the need for improved diagnosis in global control strategies. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 5: 594-603.
11. Steiner P, Rao M, Victoria MS, Hunt J, Steiner M, (1983) A continuing study of primary drug-resistant tuberculosis among children observed at the Kings County Hospital Medical Center between the years 1961 and 1980. Am Rev Respir Dis 128: 425-428.
12. Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Beyers N, Sirgel FA, de Klerk PJ, et al. (2000) Primary drug-resistant tuberculosis in children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 4: 1149-1155.
13. Debre R, Noufflard H, Brissaud HE, Gerbeaux J, (1959) Infection of children by strains of tubercle bacilli initially resistant to streptomycin or to isoniazid. Am Rev Respir Dis 80: 326-339.
14. Graham SM, (2005) Non-tuberculosis opportunistic infections and other lung diseases in HIV-infected infants and children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 9: 592-602.
15. Graham SM, Coulter JB, Gilks CF, (2001) Pulmonary disease in HIV-infected African children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 5: 12-23.
16. Edlin BR, Tokars JI, Grieco MH, Crawford JT, Williams J, et al. (1992) An outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 326: 1514-1521.
17. Frieden TR, Fujiwara PI, Washko RM, Hamburg MA, (1995) Tuberculosis in New York City-turning the tide. N Engl J Med 333: 229-233.
18. Frieden TR, Sherman LF, Maw KL, Fujiwara PI, Crawford JT, et al. (1996) A multi-institutional outbreak of highly drug-resistant tuberculosis: epidemiology and clinical outcomes. JAMA 276: 1229-1235.
19. Moro M, Gori A, Errante I, Infuso A, Franzetti F, et al. (1998) An outbreak of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis involving HIV-infected patients of two hospitals in Milan, Italy. Italian Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Outbreak Study Group. AIDS 12: 1095-1102.
20. Fischl M, Uttamchandani R, Daikos G, Poblete R, Moreno J, et al. (1992) An outbreak of tuberculosis caused by multiple-drug-resistant tubercle bacilli among patients with HIV infection. Ann Intern Med 117: 177-183.
21. Gandhi NR, Moll A, Sturm AW, Pawinski R, Govender T, et al. (2006) Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa. Lancet 368: 1575-1580.
22. Thomas TA, Shenoi SV, Heysell SK, Eksteen FJ, Sunkari VB, et al. (2010) Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in children with human immunodeficiency virus in rural South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 14: 1244-1251.
23. WHO/IUATLD, (2010) Guidance for national tuberculosis and HIV programmes on the management of tuberculosis in HIV-infected children: Recommendations for a public health approach. Geneva World Health Organization.
24. Shenoi S, Heysell S, Moll A, Friedland G, (2009) Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: consequences for the global HIV community. Curr Opin Infect Dis 22: 11-17.
25. Drobac PC, Mukherjee JS, Joseph JK, Mitnick C, Furin JJ, et al. (2006) Community-based therapy for children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Pediatrics 117: 2022-2029.
26. Mukherjee JS, Joseph JK, Rich ML, Shin SS, Furin JJ, et al. (2003) Clinical and programmatic considerations in the treatment of MDR-TB in children: a series of 16 patients from Lima, Peru. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 7: 637-644.
27. Feja K, McNelley E, Tran CS, Burzynski J, Saiman L, (2008) Management of pediatric multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infections in New York City from 1995 to 2003. Pediatr Infect Dis J 27: 907-912.
28. Schaaf HS, Gie RP, Kennedy M, Beyers N, Hesseling PB, et al. (2002) Evaluation of young children in contact with adult multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a 30-month follow-up. Pediatrics 109: 765-771.
29. Schluger NW, Lawrence RM, McGuiness G, Park M, Rom WN, (1996) Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children: two cases and a review of the literature. Pediatr Pulmonol 21: 138-142.
30. Fairlie L, Beylis NC, Reubenson G, Moore DP, Madhi SA, (2011) High prevalence of childhood multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 11: 28.
31. Seddon J, Hesseling A, Willemse M, Donald P, Schaaf H, (2012) Culture-Confirmed Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children: Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome. Clin Infect Dis pp. 157-166.
32. Ettehad D, Schaaf HS, Seddon JA, Cooke GS, Ford N, (2012) Treatment outcomes for children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis.
33. Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (2009) Demographic and Health Survey, Lesotho: Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Bureau of Statistics. Available: www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FR241/FR241.pdf. Accessed 14 Mar 2012.
34. World Health Organization (2011) TB data: Tuberculosis country profiles. Available: http://www.who.int/tb/country/en/index.html. Accessed 1 Nov 2011.
35. Partners In Health (2011) Partners In Health 2011 Annual Report: From Innovation to Transformation. Boston, MA Partners In Health.
36. Mukherjee JS, Rich ML, Socci AR, Joseph JK, Viru FA, et al. (2004) Programmes and principles in treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Lancet 363: 474-481.
37. World Health Organization (2008) Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: Emergency update 2008. Geneva WHO.
38. World Health Organization (2011) Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: 2011 update. Geneva WHO.
39. Seung KJ, Omatayo DB, Keshavjee S, Furin JJ, Farmer PE, et al. (2009) Early outcomes of MDR-TB treatment in a high HIV-prevalence setting in southern Africa. PLoS ONE 4: e7186.
40. Cilliers K, Labadarios D, Schaaf HS, Willemse M, Maritz JS, et al. (2010) Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid. Acta Paediatr 99: 705-710.
41. Satti H, Mafukidze A, Jooste PL, McLaughlin MM, Farmer PE, et al. (2012) High rate of hypothyroidism among patients treated for MDR-TB in Lesotho. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 16: 468-472.
42. Laserson KF, Thorpe LE, Leimane V, Weyer K, Mitnick CD, et al. (2005) Speaking the same language: treatment outcome definitions for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 9: 640-645.
43. Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance, (2006) International Standards for Tuberculosis Care (ISTC). The Hague: Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance. Available: http://www.istcweb.org/documents/istcenglish.pdf. Accessed 14 Mar 2012.
44. Donald PR, Marais BJ, Barry CE, 3rd, (2010) Age and the epidemiology and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Lancet 375: 1852-1854.
45. Pepper DJ, Marais S, Wilkinson RJ, Bhaijee F, Maartens G, et al. (2010) Clinical deterioration during antituberculosis treatment in Africa: incidence, causes and risk factors. BMC Infect Dis 10: 83.
46. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1992) 1993 Revised Classification System for HIV Infection and Expanded Surveillance Case Definition for AIDS Among Adolescents and Adults Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 41: 961-962.
47. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1998) Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Pediatric HIV Infection Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 47: 1-31.
48. World Health Organization (2010) Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: Recommendations for a public health approach: 2010 revision. Geneva WHO.
49. Lawn SD, Myer L, Bekker LG, Wood R, (2007) Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution disease: incidence, risk factors and impact in an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa. AIDS 21: 335-341.
50. Meintjes G, Lawn S, Scano F, Maartens G, French M, et al. (2008) Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resource-limited settings. Lancet Infect Dis 8: 516-523.
51. Muller M, Wandel S, Colebunders R, Attia S, Furrer H, et al. (2010) Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in patients starting antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 10: 251-261.
52. Lawn SD, Bekker LG, Miller RF, (2005) Immune reconstitution disease associated with mycobacterial infections in HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretrovirals. Lancet Infect Dis 5: 361-373.
53. Blanc F, Sok T, Laureillard D, (2010) Significant enhancement in survival with early (2 weeks) vs. late (8 weeks) initiation of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected adults with newly diagnosed tuberculosis. XVIII International AIDS Conference. Vienna.
54. Zampoli M, Kilborn T, Eley B, (2007) Tuberculosis during early antiretroviral-induced immune reconstitution in HIV-infected children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 11: 417-423.
55. Walters E, Cotton MF, Rabie H, Schaaf HS, Walters LO, et al. (2008) Clinical presentation and outcome of tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus infected children on anti-retroviral therapy. BMC Pediatr 8: 1.
56. Boulware DR, Callens S, Pahwa S, (2008) Pediatric HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 3: 461-467.
57. Puthanakit T, Oberdorfer P, Akarathum N, Wannarit P, Sirisanthana T, et al. (2006) Immune reconstitution syndrome after highly active antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected thai children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 25: 53-58.
58. Thee S, Zollner EW, Willemse M, Hesseling AC, Magdorf K, et al. (2011) Abnormal thyroid function tests in children on ethionamide treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 15: 1191-1193, i.
59. Hallbauer UM, Schaaf HS, (2011) Ethionamide-induced hypothyroidism in children. South Afr J Epidemiol Infect 26: 161-163.
60. Shin S, Furin J, Alcantara F, Hyson A, Joseph K, et al. (2004) Hypokalemia among patients receiving treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Chest 125: 974-980.
61. Dheda K, Shean K, Zumla A, Badri M, Streicher EM, et al. (2010) Early treatment outcomes and HIV status of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 375: 1798-1807.
62. USAID TB Care II, (2011) Community-based care for drug-resistant tuberculosis: a guide for implementers.
63. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002) Vital and Health Statistics Series 11, Number 246: 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: Methods and Development. Hyattsville, MD Department of Health and Human Serivces.