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1
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Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic 2008. UNAIDS/08.25E / JC1510E.
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Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic 2008
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World Health Organization. 2006. The Stop TB Strategy, www.stoptb.org.WHO/HTM/TB/2006.368.
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The Stop TB Strategy
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4
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34547624546
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Wells CG, Cegielski P, Nelson U, et al. HIV infection and multidrug resistant tuberculosis: the perfect storm. J Infect Dis 2007; 196.S86-S107.
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Wells CG, Cegielski P, Nelson U, et al. HIV infection and multidrug resistant tuberculosis: the perfect storm. J Infect Dis 2007; 196.S86-S107.
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5
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85018475560
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Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world
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World Health Organization, WHO/HTM/TB/2008.394. This is a summary of the latest global surveillance for MDR and XDR TB
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World Health Organization. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world. Fourth Global Report. WHO/HTM/TB/2008.394. This is a summary of the latest global surveillance for MDR and XDR TB.
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Fourth Global Report
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6
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33847414693
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Shah NS, Wright A, Bai G-H, et al. Worldwide emergence of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13:380-387. This is a survey of Supernational Reference Laboratories defining MDR and XDR trends from 48 countries.
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Shah NS, Wright A, Bai G-H, et al. Worldwide emergence of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis. Emerg Infect Dis 2007; 13:380-387. This is a survey of Supernational Reference Laboratories defining MDR and XDR trends from 48 countries.
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7
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33750629139
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Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa
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This report describes the initial and still the largest cluster of cases of XDR TB globally
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Gandhi NR, Moll A, Sturm AW, et al. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients coinfected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa. Lancet 2006; 368:1575-1580. This report describes the initial and still the largest cluster of cases of XDR TB globally.
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Lancet
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Gandhi, N.R.1
Moll, A.2
Sturm, A.W.3
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9
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47149088489
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Drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in Ukraine: A threatening convergence of two epidemics?
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The study establishes an independent relationship between HIV and drug-resistant TB
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Dubrovina I, Miskinis K, Lyepshina S, et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis and HIV in Ukraine: a threatening convergence of two epidemics? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:756-762. The study establishes an independent relationship between HIV and drug-resistant TB.
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Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
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Dubrovina, I.1
Miskinis, K.2
Lyepshina, S.3
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11
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Negative sputum smear results in HIV positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia
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Elliott AM, Namaambof K, Allent BW, et al. Negative sputum smear results in HIV positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1993; 74:191-194.
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Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
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Elliott, A.M.1
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Allent, B.W.3
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12
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41749107746
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Rapid molecular screening for multi- drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-volume public health laboratory in South Africa
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This is a study of rapid molecular testing for common resistant mutations in urban South Africa
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Barnard M, Albert H, Coetzee G, et al. Rapid molecular screening for multi- drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high-volume public health laboratory in South Africa. Am J Respi Critical Care Med 2008; 177:787-792. This is a study of rapid molecular testing for common resistant mutations in urban South Africa.
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Am J Respi Critical Care Med
, vol.177
, pp. 787-792
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Barnard, M.1
Albert, H.2
Coetzee, G.3
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13
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33846173965
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Use of the INNO Li PA Rif. TB for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA directly in clinical specimens and for simultaneous determination of rifampin susceptibility
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Tortoli E, Marcelli F. Use of the INNO Li PA Rif. TB for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA directly in clinical specimens and for simultaneous determination of rifampin susceptibility. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 26:51-55.
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Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis
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Tortoli, E.1
Marcelli, F.2
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14
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33749649080
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Microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility assay for the diagnosis of TB
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Moore DAJ, Evans CAW, Gilman RH, et al. Microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility assay for the diagnosis of TB. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:1539-1550.
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N Engl J Med
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, pp. 1539-1550
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Moore, D.A.J.1
Evans, C.A.W.2
Gilman, R.H.3
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15
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33847070060
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Clinical evaluation of the microscopic- observation drug-susceptibility assay for detection of tuberculosis
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Arias M, Mello FCQ, Pavon A, et al. Clinical evaluation of the microscopic- observation drug-susceptibility assay for detection of tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:674-680.
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Clin Infect Dis
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Arias, M.1
Mello, F.C.Q.2
Pavon, A.3
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16
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40549087607
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Microscopic-observation drug susceptibility assay provides rapid and reliable identification of MDR-TB
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Ejigu GS, Woldeamanuel Y, Shah NS, et al. Microscopic-observation drug susceptibility assay provides rapid and reliable identification of MDR-TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:332-337.
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Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
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Ejigu, G.S.1
Woldeamanuel, Y.2
Shah, N.S.3
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17
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34547628245
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Facing the crisis: Improving the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the HIV era
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Perkins MD, Cunningham J. Facing the crisis: improving the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the HIV era. J Infect Dis 2007; 196 (Suppl 1):15-27.
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J Infect Dis
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Perkins, M.D.1
Cunningham, J.2
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18
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34447293992
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Rapid drug resistance detection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A review of colorimetric methods
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Palomino JC, Martin A, Portaels F. Rapid drug resistance detection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a review of colorimetric methods. Clin Microbiol Infect 2007, 13:754-762.
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Clin Microbiol Infect
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Palomino, J.C.1
Martin, A.2
Portaels, F.3
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19
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53649095019
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Rapid and inexpensive detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis with the nitrate reductase assay using liquid medium and applied directly to sputum samples
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doi: 10.11 28/JCM.00083-08
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Affolabi D, Odoun M, Sanoussi N, et al. Rapid and inexpensive detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis with the nitrate reductase assay using liquid medium and applied directly to sputum samples. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46: 3243-3245. doi: 10.11 28/JCM.00083-08.
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J Clin Microbiol
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, pp. 3243-3245
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Affolabi, D.1
Odoun, M.2
Sanoussi, N.3
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20
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22144478686
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Drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a nitrate reductase assay applied directly on microscopypositive sputum samples
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Musa HR, Ambroggi M, Souto A, Angeby KA. Drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a nitrate reductase assay applied directly on microscopypositive sputum samples. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:3159-3161.
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J Clin Microbiol
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Musa, H.R.1
Ambroggi, M.2
Souto, A.3
Angeby, K.A.4
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21
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12344322589
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Clinical outcome of individualised treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia: A retrospective cohort study
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Leimane V, Riekstina V, Holtz TH, et al. Clinical outcome of individualised treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2005; 365:318-326.
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Lancet
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Leimane, V.1
Riekstina, V.2
Holtz, T.H.3
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22
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0037426725
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Community-based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru
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Mitnick C, Bayona J, Palacios E, et al. Community-based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:119-128.
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N Engl J Med
, vol.348
, pp. 119-128
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Mitnick, C.1
Bayona, J.2
Palacios, E.3
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23
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36048947771
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Impact of extensive drug resistance on treatment outcomes in non-HIV infected patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
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The study describes outcomes of HIV negative XDR TB patients from South Korea
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Kim H, Hwang SS, Kim HJ, et al. Impact of extensive drug resistance on treatment outcomes in non-HIV infected patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45:1290-1295. The study describes outcomes of HIV negative XDR TB patients from South Korea.
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(2007)
Clin Infect Dis
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, pp. 1290-1295
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Kim, H.1
Hwang, S.S.2
Kim, H.J.3
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24
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53749083142
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Treatment of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Tomsk, Russia: A retrospective cohort study
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study describes outcomes of HIV negative XDR TB patients from Russia, doi:10.1O16/S0140-6736(08)61204-0. The
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Keshavjee S, Gelmanova IY, Farmer PE, et al. Treatment of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis in Tomsk, Russia: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2008; 372: 1403-1409. doi:10.1O16/S0140-6736(08)61204-0. The study describes outcomes of HIV negative XDR TB patients from Russia.
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(2008)
Lancet
, vol.372
, pp. 1403-1409
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Keshavjee, S.1
Gelmanova, I.Y.2
Farmer, P.E.3
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25
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49249098575
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Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
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This is an important article reviewing community-based treatment of XDR TB among HIV negative patients, which lends strategies to be replicated in HIV-burdened areas
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Mitnick CD, Shin SS, Seung KJ, et al. Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359:563-574. This is an important article reviewing community-based treatment of XDR TB among HIV negative patients, which lends strategies to be replicated in HIV-burdened areas.
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N Engl J Med
, vol.359
, pp. 563-574
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Mitnick, C.D.1
Shin, S.S.2
Seung, K.J.3
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30
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34548721551
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The role of surgery and fluoroquinolones in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
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The study offers promise for adjunctive nonmedical therapy in MDR TB
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Törün T, Tahaoglu K, Özmen I, et al. The role of surgery and fluoroquinolones in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11:979-985. The study offers promise for adjunctive nonmedical therapy in MDR TB.
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(2007)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.11
, pp. 979-985
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Törün, T.1
Tahaoglu, K.2
Özmen, I.3
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31
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61349084204
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Pulmonary resection combined with isoniazid-and rifampin-based drug therapy for patients with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
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doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.06.001 [Epub ahead of print
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Park S-K, Kim JH, Kang H, et al. Pulmonary resection combined with isoniazid-and rifampin-based drug therapy for patients with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Infect Dis 2008. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2008.06.001 [Epub ahead of print].
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(2008)
Int J Infect Dis
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Park, S.-K.1
Kim, J.H.2
Kang, H.3
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32
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34248394688
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Tuberculosis, drug resistance, and HIV/AIDS: A triple threat
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Friedland G. Tuberculosis, drug resistance, and HIV/AIDS: a triple threat. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2007; 9:252-261.
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(2007)
Curr Infect Dis Rep
, vol.9
, pp. 252-261
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Friedland, G.1
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34
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39549115892
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Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: Implications for the HIV epidemic and antiretroviral therapy rollout in South Africa
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Andrews J, Shah NS, Moll AP, et al. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: implications for the HIV epidemic and antiretroviral therapy rollout in South Africa. J Infect Dis 2007; 196:S482-S490.
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(2007)
J Infect Dis
, vol.196
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Andrews, J.1
Shah, N.S.2
Moll, A.P.3
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35
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56649117575
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Exogenous re-infection as a cause of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in rural South Africa
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The study emphasizes the transmission of distinct drug-resistant isolates among hospitalized patients, furthering the role of primary transmission of drug-resistant TB in HIV patients
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Andrews J, Gandhi NR, Moodley P, et al. Exogenous re-infection as a cause of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in rural South Africa. J Infect Dis 2008; 198:1582-1589. The study emphasizes the transmission of distinct drug-resistant isolates among hospitalized patients, furthering the role of primary transmission of drug-resistant TB in HIV patients.
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(2008)
J Infect Dis
, vol.198
, pp. 1582-1589
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Andrews, J.1
Gandhi, N.R.2
Moodley, P.3
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37
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34547639580
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Tuberculosis infection control in resource-limited settings in the era of expanding HIV care and treatment
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The article describes the administrative, environmental and personal protective measures required for TB control in healthcare facilities
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Bock NN, Jensen PA, Miller B, Nardell E. Tuberculosis infection control in resource-limited settings in the era of expanding HIV care and treatment. J Infect Dis 2007; 196:S108-S113. The article describes the administrative, environmental and personal protective measures required for TB control in healthcare facilities.
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(2007)
J Infect Dis
, vol.196
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Bock, N.N.1
Jensen, P.A.2
Miller, B.3
Nardell, E.4
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38
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33847666937
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Natural ventilation for the prevention of airborne contagion
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The study quantitatively delineates the effect of natural ventilation in healthcare facilities, doi:10.1371 /journal.pmed.0040068
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Escombe AR, Oeser CC, Gilman RH, et al. Natural ventilation for the prevention of airborne contagion. PLoS Med 2007; 4:e68; doi:10.1371 /journal.pmed.0040068. The study quantitatively delineates the effect of natural ventilation in healthcare facilities.
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(2007)
PLoS Med
, vol.4
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Escombe, A.R.1
Oeser, C.C.2
Gilman, R.H.3
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39
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35448933608
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Prevention of nosocomial transmis- sion of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in rural South African district hospitals: A modeling study
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The mathematical model not only describes combinations of infection control measures that can prevent XDR TB, but also cautions an otherwise rise in new cases, if left unchecked
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Basu S, Andrews JR, Poolman EM, et al. Prevention of nosocomial transmis- sion of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in rural South African district hospitals: a modeling study. Lancet 2007; 370:1500-1507. The mathematical model not only describes combinations of infection control measures that can prevent XDR TB, but also cautions an otherwise rise in new cases, if left unchecked.
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(2007)
Lancet
, vol.370
, pp. 1500-1507
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Basu, S.1
Andrews, J.R.2
Poolman, E.M.3
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40
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14044272153
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Human resources for control of tuberculosis and HIV-associated tuberculosis
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Harries AD, Zachariah R, Bergström K, et al. Human resources for control of tuberculosis and HIV-associated tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2005; 9:128-137.
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(2005)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.9
, pp. 128-137
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Harries, A.D.1
Zachariah, R.2
Bergström, K.3
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41
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49149092762
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Decentralised management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB) in South Africa: An alternative model of care
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The commentary discusses the value of decentralized care and making patients and families a key part of the treatment team
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Padayatchi N, Friedland G. Decentralised management of drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB) in South Africa: an alternative model of care. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:978-980. The commentary discusses the value of decentralized care and making patients and families a key part of the treatment team.
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(2008)
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis
, vol.12
, pp. 978-980
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Padayatchi, N.1
Friedland, G.2
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43
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33846691748
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Favorable outcomes of integration of TB and HIV treatment in a rural South Africa: The Sizonqoba study [abstract]
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13-18 August, Toronto, Canada;
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Gandhi N, Moll AP, Pawinski R, et al. Favorable outcomes of integration of TB and HIV treatment in a rural South Africa: The Sizonqoba study [abstract]. 16th International AIDS Conference; 13-18 August 2006; Toronto, Canada; 2006.
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16th International AIDS Conference
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Gandhi, N.1
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Pawinski, R.3
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45
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58849165969
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Results of Contact Investigations for XDR and MDR TB patients in rural sub-district of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa: Yield and barriers to implementation
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Paris;
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Moll. A. 'Results of Contact Investigations for XDR and MDR TB patients in rural sub-district of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa: yield and barriers to implementation.' 39th World Conference on Lung Health of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris; 2008.
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(2008)
39th World Conference on Lung Health of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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Moll, A.1
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46
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Integrating tuberculosis and HIV care in the primary care setting in South Africa
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Coetzee D, Hilderbrand K, Goemaere E, et al. Integrating tuberculosis and HIV care in the primary care setting in South Africa. Trap Med Int Health 2004; 9:a11-a15.
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Trap Med Int Health
, vol.9
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Coetzee, D.1
Hilderbrand, K.2
Goemaere, E.3
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47
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2942614988
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Utility of tuberculosis directly observed therapy programs as sites for access to and provision of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited countries
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Friedland G, Karim SA, Karim QA, et al. Utility of tuberculosis directly observed therapy programs as sites for access to and provision of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited countries. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 (Suppl 5):421 -428.
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Friedland, G.1
Karim, S.A.2
Karim, Q.A.3
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48
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3242693320
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A pilot study of once-daily antiretroviral therapy integrated with tuberculosis directly observed therapy in a resource-limited setting
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Jack C, Lalloo U, Karim QA, et al. A pilot study of once-daily antiretroviral therapy integrated with tuberculosis directly observed therapy in a resource-limited setting. J Acquir Immune Defic Synd 2004; 36:929-934.
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J Acquir Immune Defic Synd
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, pp. 929-934
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Jack, C.1
Lalloo, U.2
Karim, Q.A.3
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49
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34547640162
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Implementation issues in tuberculosis/HIV program collaboration and integration: 3 case studies
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The discussion presents various cases of integration and the associated barriers and outcomes
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Friedland G, Harries A, Coetzee D. Implementation issues in tuberculosis/HIV program collaboration and integration: 3 case studies. J Infect Dis 2007; 196 (Suppl 1):114-123. The discussion presents various cases of integration and the associated barriers and outcomes.
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J Infect Dis
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, Issue.SUPPL. 1
, pp. 114-123
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Friedland, G.1
Harries, A.2
Coetzee, D.3
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50
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58849084355
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Press release. 'HIV treatment at same time as TB treatment halves death rate in South African study.' The SAPIT study (Starting Antiretroviral therapy at three Points In Tuberculosis therapy). HIV and AIDS Treatment and Practice; 15 Aug 2008. This will be an important study to review in entirety as it promises to demonstrate mortality benefit from early initiation of ARVs in TB coinfected patients compared with sequential therapy. The study may serve as an example for the needed rigorous clinical investigation in coinfected patients.
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Press release. 'HIV treatment at same time as TB treatment halves death rate in South African study.' The SAPIT study (Starting Antiretroviral therapy at three Points In Tuberculosis therapy). HIV and AIDS Treatment and Practice; 15 Aug 2008. This will be an important study to review in entirety as it promises to demonstrate mortality benefit from early initiation of ARVs in TB coinfected patients compared with sequential therapy. The study may serve as an example for the needed rigorous clinical investigation in coinfected patients.
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