Young age predicts poor antiretroviral adherence and viral load suppression among injection drug users

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

Volumn 26, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 274-280

  Hadland, Scott E ^a,b   Milloy, M J ^c,d   Kerr, Thomas ^c,d   Zhang, Ruth ^c   Guillemi, Silvia ^c,d   Hogg, Robert S ^c,e   Montaner, Julio S ^c,d   Wood, Evan ^c,d  

^a BOSTON MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b BOSTON CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c ST PAUL S HOSPITAL   (Canada)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^e SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ADULT; AGE; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL CARE; NONHUMAN; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRUS LOAD;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; CANADA; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HIV SEROPOSITIVITY; HUMANS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; MALE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RNA, VIRAL; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; VIRAL LOAD; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84860466369     PISSN: 10872914     EISSN: 15577449     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/apc.2011.0196     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. UNAIDS. 2008 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. 2008.www.unaids.org:80/ en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/Global Report/2008/ (Last accessed August 9, 2010)
2. CDC. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report: Cases of HIV Infection and AIDS in the United States and Depedent Areas, 2005. Vol. 17. Revised June 2007. www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/ resources/reports/2005report/ (Last accessed August 9, 2010)
3. Karon JM, Fleming PL, Steketee RW, De Cock KM. HIV in the United States at the turn of the century: An epidemic in transition. Am J Public Health 2001;91:1060-1068 (Pubitemid 32574829)
4. El-Sadr WM, Lundgren JD, Neaton JD, et al. CD4 + countguided interruption of antiretroviral treatment. N Engl J Med 2006;355:2283-2296 (Pubitemid 44837777)
5. Lucas GM, Cheever LW, Chaisson RE, Moore RD. Detrimental effects of continued illicit drug use on the treatment of HIV-1 infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2001;27: 251-259 (Pubitemid 32661966)
6. Lucas GM, Griswold M, Gebo KA, Keruly J, Chaisson RE, Moore RD. Illicit drug use and HIV-1 disease progression: A longitudinal study in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Epidemiol 2006;163:412-420
7. Deeks SG. Treatment of antiretroviral-drug-resistant HIV-1 infection. Lancet 2003;362:2002-2011 (Pubitemid 37548427)
8. Treisman GJ, Angelino AF, Hutton HE. Psychiatric issues in the management of patients with HIV infection. JAMA 2001;286:2857-2864 (Pubitemid 33126929)
9. Wood E, Montaner JS, Yip B, et al. Adherence and plasma HIV RNA responses to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1 infected injection drug users. CMAJ 2003;169: 656-661 (Pubitemid 37266973)
10. Loughlin A, Metsch L, Gardner L, Anderson-Mahoney P, Barrigan M, Strathdee S. Provider barriers to prescribing HAART to medically-eligible HIV-infected drug users. AIDS Care 2004;16:485-500 (Pubitemid 38651065)
11. Maisels L, Steinberg J, Tobias C. An investigation of why eligible patients do not receive HAART. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2001;15:185-191 (Pubitemid 32374224)
12. Wilson IB, Landon BE, Hirschhorn LR, et al. Quality of HIV care provided by nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and physicians. Ann Intern Med 2005;143:729-736
13. Wood E, Hogg RS, Lima VD, et al. Highly active antiretroviral therapy and survival in HIV-infected injection drug users. JAMA 2008;300:550-554
14. Werb D, Mills EJ, Montaner JS, Wood E. Risk of resistance to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive injecting drug users: A meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10:464-469
15. Roy E, Haley N, Boudreau JF, Leclerc P, Boivin JF. The challenge of understanding mortality changes among street youth. J Urban Health. Jan 2009;87:95-101
16. Roy E, Haley N, Leclerc P, Sochanski B, Boudreau JF, Boivin JF. Mortality in a cohort of street youth in Montreal. JAMA 2004;292:569-574 (Pubitemid 39014408)
17. Miller CL, Strathdee SA, Li K, Kerr T, Wood E. A longitudinal investigation into excess risk for blood-borne infection among young injection drug users (IUDs). Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2007;33:527-536 (Pubitemid 47196705)
18. Mehta S, Moore R, Graham N. Potential factors affecting adherence with HIV therapy. AIDS 1997;11:1665
19. Palepu A, Tyndall MW, Joy R, et al. Antiretroviral adherence and HIV treatment outcomes among HIV/HCV co-infected injection drug users: The role of methadone maintenance therapy. Drug Alcohol Depend 2006;84:188-194 (Pubitemid 44119095)
20. Strathdee SA, Patrick DM, Currie SL, et al. Needle exchange is not enough: Lessons from the Vancouver injecting drug use study. AIDS 1997;11:F59-65 (Pubitemid 27259515)
21. Wood E, Hogg RS, Yip B, Harrigan PR, O'Shaughnessy MV, Montaner JS. Effect of medication adherence on survival of HIV-infected adults who start highly active antiretroviral therapy when the CD4+ cell count is 0.200 to 0.350 10(9) cells/L. Ann Intern Med 2003;139:810-816
22. Hogg RS, Heath K, Bangsberg D, et al. Intermittent use of triple-combination therapy is predictive of mortality at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up. AIDS 2002;16:1051-1058 (Pubitemid 34499429)
23. Low-Beer S, Yip B, O'Shaughnessy MV, Hogg RS, Montaner JS. Adherence to triple therapy and viral load response. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2000;23:360-361 (Pubitemid 30327043)
24. Palepu A, Yip B, Miller C, et al. Factors associated with the response to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients with and without a history of injection drug use. AIDS 2001;15:423-424 (Pubitemid 32163834)
25. Wood E, Kerr T, Marshall BD, et al. Longitudinal community plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations and incidence of HIV-1 among injecting drug users: Prospective cohort study. BMJ 2009;338:b1649
26. Maldonado G, Greenland S. Simulation study of confounder- selection strategies. Am J Epidemiol 1993;138:923-936 (Pubitemid 24002359)
27. Thompson MA, Aberg JA, Cahn P, et al. Antiretroviral treatment of adult HIV infection: 2010 recommendations of the International AIDS Society-USA panel. JAMA 2010;304: 321-333
28. Kraemer H, Stice E, Kazdin A, Offord D, Kupfer D. How do risk factors work together? Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:848
29. Rothman K, Greenland S, Lash T. Modern Epidemiology: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008
30. Sobel ME. Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. In: Leinhardt S, ed. Sociological Methodology. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1982, pp. 290-312
31. Kastrissios H, Suarez J-R, Katzenstein D, Girard P, Sheiner LB, Blaschke TF. Characterizing patterns of drug-taking behavior with a multiple drug regimen in an AIDS clinical trial. AIDS 1998;12:2295-2303 (Pubitemid 28526409)
32. Moatti JP, Carrieri MP, Spire B, et al. Adherence to HAART in French HIV-infected injecting drug users: The contribution of buprenorphine drug maintenance treatment. AIDS 2000;14:151-155 (Pubitemid 30116440)
33. Callahan ST, Cooper WO. Uninsurance and health care access among young adults in the United States. Pediatrics 2005;116:88-95
34. Callahan ST, Cooper WO. Access to health care for young adults with disabling chronic conditions. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:178-182 (Pubitemid 43213864)
35. Plitt SS, Mihalicz D, Singh AE, Jayaraman G, Houston S, Lee BE. Time to testing and accessing care among a population of newly diagnosed patients with HIV with a high proportion of Canadian Aboriginals, 1998-2003. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2009;23:93-99
36. Evans JL, Hahn JA, Page-Shafer K, et al. Gender differences in sexual and injection risk behavior among active young injection drug users in San Francisco (the UFO Study). J Urban Health 2003;80:137-146 (Pubitemid 37486160)
37. Roy E, Haley N, Leclerc P, Cedras L, Blais L, Boivin JF. Drug injection among street youths in Montreal: Predictors of initiation. J Urban Health 2003;80:92-105 (Pubitemid 37486156)
38. Mellins CA, Tassiopoulos K, Malee K, et al. Behavioral health risks in perinatally HIV-exposed youth: Co-occurrence of sexual and drug use behavior, mental health problems, and nonadherence to antiretroviral treatment. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2011;25:413-422
39. Wilson TE, Barro`n Y, Cohen M, et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and its association with sexual behavior in a national sample of women with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 2002;34:529-534 (Pubitemid 34112276)
40. Malee K, Williams P, Montepiedra G, et al. Medication adherence in children and adolescents with HIV infection: Associations with behavioral impairment. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2011;25:191-200
41. Rudy BJ, Murphy DA, Harris DR, Muenz L, Ellen J. Patientrelated risks for nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected youth in the United States: A study of prevalence and interactions. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2009; 23:185-194
42. Campbell JL, Ramsay J, Green J. Age, gender, socioeconomic, and ethnic differences in patients' assessments of primary health care. Qual Health Care 2001;10:90-95
43. Bakken S, Holzemer WL, Brown MA, et al. Relationships between perception of engagement with health care provider and demographic characteristics, health status, and adherence to therapeutic regimen in persons with HIV/ AIDS. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2000;14:189-197 (Pubitemid 30225313)
44. Wood E, Montaner JS, Yip B, et al. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and CD4 T-cell count responses among HIV-infected injection drug users. Antivir Ther 2004;9: 229-235 (Pubitemid 38560216)
45. Bangsberg DR, Ragland K, Monk A, Deeks SG. A single tablet regimen is associated with higher adherence and viralsuppression than multiple tablet regimens in HIV + homeless and marginally housed people. AIDS 2010;24:2835-2840
46. Des Jarlais DC, Sloboda Z, Friedman SR, Tempalski B, McKnight C, Braine N. Diffusion of the D.A.R.E and syringe exchange programs. Am J Public Health 2006;96:1354-1358 (Pubitemid 44198654)