Consistent flowering response to global warming by European plants introduced into North America

Functional Ecology

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1189-1196

  Hulme, Philip E ^a  

^a LINCOLN UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Aliens; Biological invasions; Climate change; Exotic; Niche conservatism; Phenology; Species distribution models; Weeds

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL VARIATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS; FLOWERING; GLOBAL WARMING; HOME RANGE; NATIVE SPECIES; NICHE; PARAMETERIZATION; PHENOLOGY; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; WEED;

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA; ENGLAND; OXFORDSHIRE; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA];

MAGNOLIOPHYTA;

EID: 84860412844     PISSN: 02698463     EISSN: 13652435     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01899.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Aasa, A., Jaagus, J., Ahas, R. & Sepp, M. (2004) The influence of atmospheric circulation on plant phenological phases in central and eastern Europe. International Journal of Climatology, 24, 1551-1564.
2. Abu-Asab, M.S., Peterson, P.M., Shetler, S.G. & Orli, S.S. (2001) Earlier plant flowering in spring as a response to global warming in the Washington, DC, area. Biodiversity and Conservation, 10, 597-612.
3. Blumenthal, D.M. & Hufbauer, R.A. (2007) Increased plant size in exotic populations: a common-garden test with 14 invasive species. Ecology, 88, 2758-2765.
4. Blumenthal, D., Mitchell, C.E., Pysek, P. & Jarosik, V. (2009) Synergy between pathogen release and resource availability in plant invasion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 7899-7904.
5. Bohonak, A.J. (2004) Software for Reduced Major Axis Regression, Version 1.17. State University, San Diego, CA.
6. Bossdorf, O., Auge, H., Lafuma, L., Rogers, W.E., Siemann, E. & Prati, D. (2005) Phenotypic and genetic differentiation between native and introduced plant populations. Oecologia, 144, 1-11.
7. Brodersen, C., Lavergne, S. & Molofsky, J. (2008) Genetic variation in photosynthetic characteristics among invasive and native populations of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea). Biological Invasions, 10, 1317-1325.
8. Broennimann, O., Treier, U.A., Muller-Scharer, H., Thuiller, W., Peterson, A.T. & Guisan, A. (2007) Evidence of climatic niche shift during biological invasion. Ecology Letters, 10, 701-709.
9. Buswell, J.M., Moles, A.T. & Hartley, S. (2011) Is rapid evolution common in introduced plant species? Journal of Ecology, 99, 214-224.
10. Cadotte, M.W., Murray, B.R. & Lovett-Doust, J. (2006) Evolutionary and ecological influences of plant invader success in the flora of Ontario. Ecoscience, 13, 388-395.
11. Chuine, I. (2010) Why does phenology drive species distribution? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 365, 3149-3160.
12. Cleland, E.E., Chuine, I., Menzel, A., Mooney, H.A. & Schwartz, M.D. (2007) Shifting plant phenology in response to global change. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 22, 357-365.
13. Colautti, R.I., Maron, J.L. & Barrett, S.C.H. (2009) Common garden comparisons of native and introduced plant populations: latitudinal clines can obscure evolutionary inferences. Evolutionary Applications, 2, 187-199.
14. Dlugosch, K.M. & Parker, I.M. (2008) Invading populations of an ornamental shrub show rapid life history evolution despite genetic bottlenecks. Ecology Letters, 11, 701-709.
15. Doi, H., Takahashi, M. & Katano, I. (2010) Genetic diversity increases regional variation in phenological dates in response to climate change. Global Change Biology, 16, 373-379.
16. Ebeling, S.K., Hensen, I. & Auge, H. (2008) The invasive shrub Buddleja davidii performs better in its introduced range. Diversity and Distributions, 14, 225-233.
17. Elzinga, J.A., Atlan, A., Biere, A., Gigord, L., Weis, A.E. & Bernasconi, G. (2007) Time after time: flowering phenology and biotic interactions. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 22, 432-439.
18. Fitter, A.H. & Fitter, R.S.R. (2002) Rapid changes in flowering time in British plants. Science, 296, 1689-1691.
19. Fitter, A.H., Fitter, R.S.R., Harris, I.T.B. & Williamson, M.H. (1995) Relationships between first flowering date and temperature in the flora of a locality in central England. Functional Ecology, 9, 55-60.
20. Forrest, J. & Miller-Rushing, A.J. (2010) Toward a synthetic understanding of the role of phenology in ecology and evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 365, 3101-3112.
21. Fridley, J.D. (2008) Of Asian forests and European fields: Eastern US plant invasions in a global floristic context. PLoS ONE, 3, e3630.
22. Gallagher, R.V., Beaumont, L.J., Hughes, L. & Leishman, M.R. (2010) Evidence for climatic niche and biome shifts between native and novel ranges in plant species introduced to australia. Journal of Ecology, 98, 790-799.
23. Herrera, A.M., Carruthers, R.I. & Mills, N.J. (2011) Introduced populations of Genista monspessulana (French broom) are more dense and produce a greater seed rain in California, USA, than native populations in the Mediterranean Basin of Europe. Biological Invasions, 13, 369-380.
24. Hulme, P.E. (2011) Contrasting impacts of climate-driven flowering phenology on changes in alien and native plant species distributions. New Phytologist, 189, 272-281.
25. Hulme, P.E., Bacher, S., Kenis, M., Klotz, S., Kuhn, I., Minchin, D., Nentwig, W., Olenin, S., Panov, V., Pergl, J., Pysek, P., Roques, A., Sol, D., Solarz, W. & Vila, M. (2008) Grasping at the routes of biological invasions: a framework for integrating pathways into policy. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 403-414.
26. Inouye, D.W. (2008) Effects of climate change on phenology, frost damage, and floral abundance of montane wildflowers. Ecology, 89, 353-362.
27. Jeschke, J.M. & Strayer, D.L. (2008) Usefulness of bioclimatic models for studying climate change and invasive species. Annals New York Academy of Sciences, 1134, 1-24.
28. Keller, S.R., Sowell, D.R., Neiman, M., Wolfe, L.M. & Taylor, D.R. (2009) Adaptation and colonization history affect the evolution of clines in two introduced species. New Phytologist, 183, 678-690.
29. Kim, D.H., Doyle, M.R., Sung, S. & Amasino, R.M. (2009) Vernalization: winter and the timing of flowering in plants. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, 25, 277-299.
30. Korner, C. & Basler, D. (2010) Phenology under global warming. Science, 327, 1461-1462.
31. Lavoie, C. & Lachance, D. (2006) A new herbarium-based method for reconstructing the phenology of plant species across large areas. American Journal of Botany, 93, 512-516.
32. Lloret, F., Medail, F., Brundu, G., Camarda, I., Moragues, E., Rita, J., Lambdon, P. & Hulme, P.E. (2005) Species attributes and invasion success by alien plants on mediterranean islands. Journal of Ecology, 93, 512-520.
33. Mack, R.N. (2003) Plant naturalizations and invasions in the eastern United States: 1634-1860. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 90, 77-90.
34. Malik, N. & Vandenborn, W.H. (1988) The biology of Canadian weeds. 86. Galium aparine L. and Galium spurium L. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences, 68, 481-499.
35. Maron, J.L., Elmendorf, S.C. & Vila, M. (2007) Contrasting plant physiological adaptation to climate in the native and introduced range of Hypericum perforatum. Evolution, 61, 1912-1924.
36. Miller-Rushing, A.J., Inouye, D.W. & Primack, R.B. (2008) How well do first flowering dates measure plant responses to climate change? The effects of population size and sampling frequency. Journal of Ecology, 96, 1289-1296.
37. Moloney, K.A., Holzapfel, C., Tielborger, K., Jeltsch, F. & Schurr, F.M. (2009) Rethinking the common garden in invasion research. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 11, 311-320.
38. Montague, J.L., Barrett, S.C.H. & Eckert, C.G. (2008) Re-establishment of clinal variation in flowering time among introduced populations of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria, Lythraceae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 234-245.
39. Norusis, M. (2006) SPSS 15.0 Statistical Procedures Companion. Prentice Hall, London.
40. Peel, M.C., Finlayson, B.L. & McMahon, T.A. (2007) Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Hydrology and Earth Systems Science, 11, 1633-1644.
41. Peterson, A.T., Stewart, A., Mohamed, K.I. & Araujo, M.B. (2008) Shifting global invasive potential of European plants with climate change. PLoS ONE, 3, e2441.
42. Preston, C.D., Pearman, D.A. & Dines, T.D. (2002) New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
43. Sparks, T.H., Jeffree, E.P. & Jeffree, C.E. (2000) An examination of the relationship between flowering times and temperature at the national scale using long-term phenological records from the UK. International Journal of Biometeorology, 44, 82-87.
44. UK Meteorological Office, Hadley Centre (2006) Historical Central England Temperature (CET) Data, [Internet]. British Atmospheric Data Centre, Available from
45. USDA (2010) The PLANTS Database [Internet]. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA Available from and accessed on 9 November 2010.
46. Van Kleunen, M., Dawson, W., Schlaepfer, D., Jeschke, J.M. & Fischer, M. (2010) Are invaders different? A conceptual framework of comparative approaches for assessing determinants of invasiveness. Ecology Letters, 13, 947-958.
47. Warwick, S.I. & Black, L. (1982) The biology of Canadian weeds. 52. Achillea millefolium L. sl. Canadian Journal of Plant Sciences, 62, 163-182.
48. White, L.M. (1995) Predicting flowering of 130 plants at 8 locations with temperature and daylength. Journal of Range Management, 48, 108-114.
49. Wiens, J.A., Stralberg, D., Jongsomjit, D., Howell, C.A. & Snyder, M.A. (2009) Niches, models, and climate change: assessing the assumptions and uncertainties. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106, 19729-19736.
50. Williams, J.L. (2009) Flowering life-history strategies differ between the native and introduced ranges of a monocarpic perennial. The American Naturalist, 174, 660-672.
51. Willis, C.G., Ruhfel, B.R., Primack, R.B., Miller-Rushing, A.J., Losos, J.B. & Davis, C.C. (2010) Favorable climate change response explains non-native species' success in Thoreau's woods. PLoS ONE, 5, e8878.