메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 106, Issue , 2012, Pages 56-68

Three centuries of managing introduced conifers in South Africa: Benefits, impacts, changing perceptions and conflict resolution

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Biological invasions; Fire; Forestry; Hydrology; Land use; Pinus

Indexed keywords

BIODIVERSITY; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY; CONFLICT MANAGEMENT; CONIFEROUS FOREST; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS; FOREST FIRE; FOREST MANAGEMENT; FORESTRY POLICY; FORESTRY PRACTICE; INTRODUCED SPECIES; PERCEPTION; PLANTATION FORESTRY; PROFITABILITY; WATER USE;

EID: 84860344190     PISSN: 03014797     EISSN: 10958630     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.03.052     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (118)

References (94)
  • 1
    • 0030620584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of commercial afforestation on bird populations in Mpumalanga province, South Africa - insights from bird atlas data
    • Allen D.G., Harrison J.A., Navarro R.A., van Wilgen B.W., Thompson M.W. The impact of commercial afforestation on bird populations in Mpumalanga province, South Africa - insights from bird atlas data. Biological Conservation 1997, 79:173-185.
    • (1997) Biological Conservation , vol.79 , pp. 173-185
    • Allen, D.G.1    Harrison, J.A.2    Navarro, R.A.3    van Wilgen, B.W.4    Thompson, M.W.5
  • 2
    • 2342617156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DWAF's rain management charges: the cost to you
    • Anonymous
    • Anonymous DWAF's rain management charges: the cost to you. SA Forestry May/June 2002, 11-13.
    • (2002) SA Forestry , pp. 11-13
  • 5
    • 0001222092 scopus 로고
    • Plants of the Cape Flora: a descriptive catalogue
    • Bond P., Goldblatt P. Plants of the Cape Flora: a descriptive catalogue. Journal of South African Botany 1984, 13(Suppl.).
    • (1984) Journal of South African Botany , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Bond, P.1    Goldblatt, P.2
  • 6
    • 0019999138 scopus 로고
    • A review of catchment experiments to determine the effects of vegetation changes on water yield and evapotranspiration
    • Bosch J.M., Hewlett J.D. A review of catchment experiments to determine the effects of vegetation changes on water yield and evapotranspiration. Journal of Hydrology 1982, 55:2-23.
    • (1982) Journal of Hydrology , vol.55 , pp. 2-23
    • Bosch, J.M.1    Hewlett, J.D.2
  • 7
    • 0001886156 scopus 로고
    • Treatment effects of annual and dry period streamflow at Cathedral Peak
    • Bosch J.M. Treatment effects of annual and dry period streamflow at Cathedral Peak. South African Forestry Journal 1979, 108:29-38.
    • (1979) South African Forestry Journal , vol.108 , pp. 29-38
    • Bosch, J.M.1
  • 8
    • 78149411309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An economic assessment of the contribution of weed biological control to the management of invasive alien plants and to the protection of ecosystem services in South Africa
    • De Lange W.J., van Wilgen B.W. An economic assessment of the contribution of weed biological control to the management of invasive alien plants and to the protection of ecosystem services in South Africa. Biological Invasions 2010, 12:4113-4124.
    • (2010) Biological Invasions , vol.12 , pp. 4113-4124
    • De Lange, W.J.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2
  • 9
    • 0035729048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflicts of interest in environmental management: estimating the costs and benefits of a tree invasion
    • De Wit M.P., Crookes D.J., van Wilgen B.W. Conflicts of interest in environmental management: estimating the costs and benefits of a tree invasion. Biological Invasions 2001, 3:167-178.
    • (2001) Biological Invasions , vol.3 , pp. 167-178
    • De Wit, M.P.1    Crookes, D.J.2    van Wilgen, B.W.3
  • 11
    • 84861996123 scopus 로고
    • How plants make water flow uphill
    • Dye P.J. How plants make water flow uphill. African Wildlife 1988, 42:7-8.
    • (1988) African Wildlife , vol.42 , pp. 7-8
    • Dye, P.J.1
  • 12
    • 0030447919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate, forest and streamflow relationships in South African afforested catchments
    • Dye P.J. Climate, forest and streamflow relationships in South African afforested catchments. Commonwealth Forestry Review 1996, 75:31-38.
    • (1996) Commonwealth Forestry Review , vol.75 , pp. 31-38
    • Dye, P.J.1
  • 13
    • 0005149955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO, Forestry Paper 163, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome
    • Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 2010, FAO, Forestry Paper 163, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
    • (2010) Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010
  • 15
    • 85170487771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forestry South Africa, (accessed 28.04.11.).
    • Forestry South Africa, 2011. , (accessed 28.04.11.). http://www.forestry.co.za/.
    • (2011)
  • 17
    • 49449109676 scopus 로고
    • Some aspects of the autecology of three Hakea species in the Cape Province, South Africa
    • MSc Thesis, University of Cape Town.
    • Fugler, S.R., 1979. Some aspects of the autecology of three Hakea species in the Cape Province, South Africa. MSc Thesis, University of Cape Town.
    • (1979)
    • Fugler, S.R.1
  • 18
    • 2342509554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive alien plants and water resources in South Africa: current understanding, predictive ability and research challenges
    • Görgens A.H.M., van Wilgen B.W. Invasive alien plants and water resources in South Africa: current understanding, predictive ability and research challenges. South African Journal of Science 2004, 100:27-33.
    • (2004) South African Journal of Science , vol.100 , pp. 27-33
    • Görgens, A.H.M.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2
  • 22
    • 80052061541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects for biological control of invasive Pinus species (Pinaceae) in South Africa
    • Hoffmann J.H., Moran V.C., van Wilgen B.W. Prospects for biological control of invasive Pinus species (Pinaceae) in South Africa. African Entomology 2011, 19:393-401.
    • (2011) African Entomology , vol.19 , pp. 393-401
    • Hoffmann, J.H.1    Moran, V.C.2    van Wilgen, B.W.3
  • 23
    • 79961157544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological control of Australian Acacia species
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, R. Muniappan, G.V.P. Reddy, A. Raman (Eds.)
    • Impson F.A.C., Hoffmann J.H., Kleinjan C. Biological control of Australian Acacia species. Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods 2009, 38-62. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. R. Muniappan, G.V.P. Reddy, A. Raman (Eds.).
    • (2009) Biological Control of Tropical Weeds Using Arthropods , pp. 38-62
    • Impson, F.A.C.1    Hoffmann, J.H.2    Kleinjan, C.3
  • 25
    • 0000037690 scopus 로고
    • Plant-animal relationships
    • Oxford University Press, Cape Town, R.M. Cowling (Ed.)
    • Johnson S.D. Plant-animal relationships. The Ecology of Fynbos: Nutrients, Fire and Diversity 1992, 175-205. Oxford University Press, Cape Town. R.M. Cowling (Ed.).
    • (1992) The Ecology of Fynbos: Nutrients, Fire and Diversity , pp. 175-205
    • Johnson, S.D.1
  • 27
    • 80053164688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past approaches and future challenges to the management of fire and invasive alien plants in the new Garden Route National Park
    • Art. #633
    • Kraaij T., Cowling R.M., van Wilgen B.W. Past approaches and future challenges to the management of fire and invasive alien plants in the new Garden Route National Park. South African Journal of Science 2011, 107(9/10):11. Art. #633. 10.4102/sajs.v107i9/10.633.
    • (2011) South African Journal of Science , vol.107 , Issue.9-10 , pp. 11
    • Kraaij, T.1    Cowling, R.M.2    van Wilgen, B.W.3
  • 28
    • 0011487430 scopus 로고
    • Invasive woody plants in Cape fynbos with special reference to the biology and control of Pinus pinaster
    • Stellenbosch.
    • Kruger F.J. Invasive woody plants in Cape fynbos with special reference to the biology and control of Pinus pinaster. Proceedings of the Second National Weeds Conference of South Africa 1977, Stellenbosch, pp. 57-74.
    • (1977) Proceedings of the Second National Weeds Conference of South Africa , pp. 57-74
    • Kruger, F.J.1
  • 29
    • 0029668280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive plants and water resources in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: modelling the consequences of a lack of management
    • Le Maitre D.C., van Wilgen B.W., Chapman R.A., McKelly D. Invasive plants and water resources in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: modelling the consequences of a lack of management. Journal of Applied Ecology 1996, 33:161-172.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.33 , pp. 161-172
    • Le Maitre, D.C.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2    Chapman, R.A.3    McKelly, D.4
  • 30
    • 0033857805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of invading alien plants on surface water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment
    • Le Maitre D.C., Versfeld D.B., Chapman R.A. The impact of invading alien plants on surface water resources in South Africa: a preliminary assessment. Water SA 2000, 26:397-408.
    • (2000) Water SA , vol.26 , pp. 397-408
    • Le Maitre, D.C.1    Versfeld, D.B.2    Chapman, R.A.3
  • 33
    • 67349142347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threat of exacerbating the spread of pitch canker precludes further consideration of a cone weevil, Pissodes validirostris, for biological control of invasive pines in South Africa
    • Lennox C.L., Hoffmann J.H., Coutinho T.A., Roques A. A threat of exacerbating the spread of pitch canker precludes further consideration of a cone weevil, Pissodes validirostris, for biological control of invasive pines in South Africa. Biological Control 2009, 50:179-184.
    • (2009) Biological Control , vol.50 , pp. 179-184
    • Lennox, C.L.1    Hoffmann, J.H.2    Coutinho, T.A.3    Roques, A.4
  • 34
    • 0037220156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex adaptive systems: exploring the known, the unknown and the unknowable
    • Levin S.A. Complex adaptive systems: exploring the known, the unknown and the unknowable. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society 2002, 40:3-19.
    • (2002) Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society , vol.40 , pp. 3-19
    • Levin, S.A.1
  • 36
    • 8244239012 scopus 로고
    • Bulletin 35, South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Pretoria
    • Loock E.E.M. The Pines of Mexico and British Honduras 1950, Bulletin 35, South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Pretoria.
    • (1950) The Pines of Mexico and British Honduras
    • Loock, E.E.M.1
  • 37
    • 2342655686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General history of the South African forest industry: 1975 to 1990
    • Louw W.J.A. General history of the South African forest industry: 1975 to 1990. South African Forestry Journal 2004, 200:77-86.
    • (2004) South African Forestry Journal , vol.200 , pp. 77-86
    • Louw, W.J.A.1
  • 38
    • 3042761647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General history of the South African forest industry: 1991 to 2002
    • Louw W.J.A. General history of the South African forest industry: 1991 to 2002. South African Forestry Journal 2004, 201:65-76.
    • (2004) South African Forestry Journal , vol.201 , pp. 65-76
    • Louw, W.J.A.1
  • 39
    • 33846904080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General history of the South African forest industry: 2003 to 2006
    • Louw W.J.A. General history of the South African forest industry: 2003 to 2006. South African Forestry Journal 2006, 208:79-88.
    • (2006) South African Forestry Journal , vol.208 , pp. 79-88
    • Louw, W.J.A.1
  • 41
    • 2342452439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clearing of invasive alien plants in South Africa: a preliminary assessment of costs and progress
    • Marais C., van Wilgen B.W., Stevens D. The clearing of invasive alien plants in South Africa: a preliminary assessment of costs and progress. South African Journal of Science 2004, 100:97-103.
    • (2004) South African Journal of Science , vol.100 , pp. 97-103
    • Marais, C.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2    Stevens, D.3
  • 42
    • 74549196346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Island Press, Washington, DC., Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
    • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing: Synthesis 2005, Island Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2005) Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing: Synthesis
  • 43
    • 84858148790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial analysis of pine tree invasion in the Tsitsikamma region, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A pilot study
    • Honours dissertation, Department of Geography, Rhodes University, Grahamstown.
    • Moeller, J., 2010. Spatial analysis of pine tree invasion in the Tsitsikamma region, Eastern Cape, South Africa: A pilot study. Honours dissertation, Department of Geography, Rhodes University, Grahamstown.
    • (2010)
    • Moeller, J.1
  • 46
    • 0012387404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trees, forests and plantations in southern Africa
    • Southern African Forestry Institute, Menlo Park, D.L. Owen (Ed.)
    • Owen D.L., van der Zel D.W. Trees, forests and plantations in southern Africa. South African Forestry Handbook 2000 2000, Southern African Forestry Institute, Menlo Park. D.L. Owen (Ed.).
    • (2000) South African Forestry Handbook 2000
    • Owen, D.L.1    van der Zel, D.W.2
  • 47
    • 0003456670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree Planting in Southern Africa
    • Department of Forestry, Pretoria
    • Poynton R.J. Tree Planting in Southern Africa. The Pines 1979, vol. 1. Department of Forestry, Pretoria.
    • (1979) The Pines , vol.1
    • Poynton, R.J.1
  • 48
    • 0003456670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree Planting in Southern Africa
    • Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria
    • Poynton R.J. Tree Planting in Southern Africa. Other Genera 2009, vol. 3. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Pretoria.
    • (2009) Other Genera , vol.3
    • Poynton, R.J.1
  • 49
    • 69849095960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery of invertebrate diversity in a rehabilitated city landscape mosaic in the heart of a biodiversity hotspot
    • Pryke J.S., Samways M.J. Recovery of invertebrate diversity in a rehabilitated city landscape mosaic in the heart of a biodiversity hotspot. Landscape and Urban Planning 2009, 93:54-62.
    • (2009) Landscape and Urban Planning , vol.93 , pp. 54-62
    • Pryke, J.S.1    Samways, M.J.2
  • 51
    • 3042874175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What attributes make some plant species more invasive?
    • Rejmánek M., Richardson D.M. What attributes make some plant species more invasive?. Ecology 1996, 77:1655-1661.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1655-1661
    • Rejmánek, M.1    Richardson, D.M.2
  • 52
    • 0000633817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pines as invaders in the southern hemisphere
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, D.M. Richardson (Ed.)
    • Richardson D.M., Higgins S.I. Pines as invaders in the southern hemisphere. Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus 1998, 450-473. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. D.M. Richardson (Ed.).
    • (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus , pp. 450-473
    • Richardson, D.M.1    Higgins, S.I.2
  • 53
    • 4644236651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive conifers: a global survey and predictive framework
    • Richardson D.M., Rejmánek M. Invasive conifers: a global survey and predictive framework. Diversity and Distributions 2004, 10:321-331.
    • (2004) Diversity and Distributions , vol.10 , pp. 321-331
    • Richardson, D.M.1    Rejmánek, M.2
  • 54
    • 2342634412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive alien plants in South Africa: how well do we understand the ecological impacts?
    • Richardson D.M., van Wilgen B.W. Invasive alien plants in South Africa: how well do we understand the ecological impacts?. South African Journal of Science 2004, 100:45-52.
    • (2004) South African Journal of Science , vol.100 , pp. 45-52
    • Richardson, D.M.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2
  • 55
    • 0002407330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alien plant invasions
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson, S.M. Pierce (Eds.)
    • Richardson D.M., Macdonald I.A.W., Hoffmann J.H., Henderson L. Alien plant invasions. Vegetation of Southern Africa 1997, 535-570. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson, S.M. Pierce (Eds.).
    • (1997) Vegetation of Southern Africa , pp. 535-570
    • Richardson, D.M.1    Macdonald, I.A.W.2    Hoffmann, J.H.3    Henderson, L.4
  • 58
    • 26444536177 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of invasions by Pinus (Pinaceae) and Hakea (Proteaceae) species, with special emphasis on patterns, processes and consequences of invasion in mountain fynbos of the southwestern Cape Province, South Africa
    • PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town.
    • Richardson, D.M., 1989. The ecology of invasions by Pinus (Pinaceae) and Hakea (Proteaceae) species, with special emphasis on patterns, processes and consequences of invasion in mountain fynbos of the southwestern Cape Province, South Africa. PhD Thesis, University of Cape Town.
    • (1989)
    • Richardson, D.M.1
  • 59
    • 0031956717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forestry trees as invasive aliens
    • Richardson D.M. Forestry trees as invasive aliens. Conservation Biology 1998, 12:18-26.
    • (1998) Conservation Biology , vol.12 , pp. 18-26
    • Richardson, D.M.1
  • 60
    • 33845624112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pinus: a model group for unlocking the secrets of alien plant invasions?
    • Richardson D.M. Pinus: a model group for unlocking the secrets of alien plant invasions?. Preslia 2006, 78:375-388.
    • (2006) Preslia , vol.78 , pp. 375-388
    • Richardson, D.M.1
  • 61
    • 0038400941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current patterns of habitat transformation and future threats to biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa
    • Rouget M., Richardson D.M., Cowling R.M., Lloyd J.W., Lombard A.T. Current patterns of habitat transformation and future threats to biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa. Biological Conservation 2003, 112:63-85.
    • (2003) Biological Conservation , vol.112 , pp. 63-85
    • Rouget, M.1    Richardson, D.M.2    Cowling, R.M.3    Lloyd, J.W.4    Lombard, A.T.5
  • 66
    • 77949912490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges to legitimacy at the forest stewardship council
    • Schepers D.H. Challenges to legitimacy at the forest stewardship council. Journal of Business Ethics 2009, 92:279-290.
    • (2009) Journal of Business Ethics , vol.92 , pp. 279-290
    • Schepers, D.H.1
  • 67
    • 0025570546 scopus 로고
    • The effects of wildfire on soil wettability and hydrological behaviour of an afforested catchment
    • Scott D.F., van Wyk D.B. The effects of wildfire on soil wettability and hydrological behaviour of an afforested catchment. Journal of Hydrology 1990, 121:239-256.
    • (1990) Journal of Hydrology , vol.121 , pp. 239-256
    • Scott, D.F.1    van Wyk, D.B.2
  • 68
    • 0031393535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erosion and sediment yield in relation to afforestation and fire in the mountains of the Western Cape Province, South Africa
    • Scott D.F., Versfeld D.B., Lesch W. Erosion and sediment yield in relation to afforestation and fire in the mountains of the Western Cape Province, South Africa. South African Geographical Journal 1998, 80:52-59.
    • (1998) South African Geographical Journal , vol.80 , pp. 52-59
    • Scott, D.F.1    Versfeld, D.B.2    Lesch, W.3
  • 72
    • 22844444582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should commercial forestry in South Africa pay for water? Valuing water and its contribution to the industry
    • Tewari D.D. Should commercial forestry in South Africa pay for water? Valuing water and its contribution to the industry. Water SA 2005, 31:319-326.
    • (2005) Water SA , vol.31 , pp. 319-326
    • Tewari, D.D.1
  • 73
    • 43049136527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Working for Water programme: evolution of a payments for ecosystem services mechanism that addresses both poverty and ecosystem service delivery in South Africa
    • Turpie J.K., Marais C., Blignaut J.N. The Working for Water programme: evolution of a payments for ecosystem services mechanism that addresses both poverty and ecosystem service delivery in South Africa. Ecological Economics 2008, 65:788-798.
    • (2008) Ecological Economics , vol.65 , pp. 788-798
    • Turpie, J.K.1    Marais, C.2    Blignaut, J.N.3
  • 74
    • 0002822609 scopus 로고
    • Accomplishments and dynamics of the South African afforestation permit system
    • van der Zel D.W. Accomplishments and dynamics of the South African afforestation permit system. South African Forestry Journal 1995, 172:49-58.
    • (1995) South African Forestry Journal , vol.172 , pp. 49-58
    • van der Zel, D.W.1
  • 75
    • 0019227650 scopus 로고
    • The effect of afforestation with Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus patula Schlecht. Et. Cham. on streamflow from experimental catchments at Mokubalaan, Transvaal
    • van Lill W.S., Kruger F.J., van Wyk D.B. The effect of afforestation with Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus patula Schlecht. Et. Cham. on streamflow from experimental catchments at Mokubalaan, Transvaal. Journal of Hydrology 1980, 48:107-118.
    • (1980) Journal of Hydrology , vol.48 , pp. 107-118
    • van Lill, W.S.1    Kruger, F.J.2    van Wyk, D.B.3
  • 76
    • 0022190060 scopus 로고
    • The effect of alien shrub invasions on vegetation structure and fire behaviour in South African fynbos shrublands: a simulation study
    • van Wilgen B.W., Richardson D.M. The effect of alien shrub invasions on vegetation structure and fire behaviour in South African fynbos shrublands: a simulation study. Journal of Applied Ecology 1985, 22:955-966.
    • (1985) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.22 , pp. 955-966
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Richardson, D.M.2
  • 77
    • 0006084368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vegetation and fire regimes of southern hemisphere Africa
    • Wits University Press, Johannesburg, B.W. van Wilgen, M.O. Andreae, G.J. Goldammer, J.A. Lindesay (Eds.)
    • van Wilgen B.W., Scholes R.J. The vegetation and fire regimes of southern hemisphere Africa. Fire in Southern African Savannas: Ecological and Atmospheric Perspectives 1997, 27-46. Wits University Press, Johannesburg. B.W. van Wilgen, M.O. Andreae, G.J. Goldammer, J.A. Lindesay (Eds.).
    • (1997) Fire in Southern African Savannas: Ecological and Atmospheric Perspectives , pp. 27-46
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Scholes, R.J.2
  • 78
    • 0042113491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing fires on the Cape Peninsula: dealing with the inevitable
    • van Wilgen B.W., Scott D.F. Managing fires on the Cape Peninsula: dealing with the inevitable. Journal of Mediterranean Ecology 2001, 2:197-208.
    • (2001) Journal of Mediterranean Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 197-208
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Scott, D.F.2
  • 79
    • 0030055255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valuation of ecosystem services. A case study from South African fynbos ecosystems
    • van Wilgen B.W., Cowling R.M., Burgers C.J. Valuation of ecosystem services. A case study from South African fynbos ecosystems. BioScience 1996, 46:184-189.
    • (1996) BioScience , vol.46 , pp. 184-189
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Cowling, R.M.2    Burgers, C.J.3
  • 80
    • 0031904089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem services, efficiency, sustainability and equity: South Africa's Working for Water programme
    • van Wilgen B.W., Le Maitre D.C., Cowling R.M. Ecosystem services, efficiency, sustainability and equity: South Africa's Working for Water programme. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 1998, 13:378.
    • (1998) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.13 , pp. 378
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Le Maitre, D.C.2    Cowling, R.M.3
  • 84
    • 84886023143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing perspectives on managing biological invasions: insights from South Africa and the Working for Water programme
    • The legacy of Charles Elton.Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, D.M. Richardson (Ed.)
    • van Wilgen B.W., Khan A., Marais C. Changing perspectives on managing biological invasions: insights from South Africa and the Working for Water programme. Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology 2011, 377-393. The legacy of Charles Elton.Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford. D.M. Richardson (Ed.).
    • (2011) Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology , pp. 377-393
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1    Khan, A.2    Marais, C.3
  • 86
    • 77954160560 scopus 로고
    • Fynbos terrestrial ecosystems
    • Foundation for Research Development, Pretoria, I.A.W. Macdonald, R.J.M. Crawford (Eds.) Long-term Data Series Relating to Southern Africa's Renewable Natural Resources
    • van Wilgen B.W. Fynbos terrestrial ecosystems. South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 157 1988, 216-236. Foundation for Research Development, Pretoria. I.A.W. Macdonald, R.J.M. Crawford (Eds.).
    • (1988) South African National Scientific Programmes Report No. 157 , pp. 216-236
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1
  • 87
    • 75449118719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of fire and invasive alien plant management practices in fynbos
    • van Wilgen B.W. The evolution of fire and invasive alien plant management practices in fynbos. South African Journal of Science 2009, 105:335-342.
    • (2009) South African Journal of Science , vol.105 , pp. 335-342
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1
  • 88
    • 84864440442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence, perceptions and trade-offs associated with invasive alien plant control in the Table Mountain National Park, South Africa
    • in press.
    • van Wilgen, B.W., in press. Evidence, perceptions and trade-offs associated with invasive alien plant control in the Table Mountain National Park, South Africa. Ecology and Society 17(1), 8.
    • Ecology and Society , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 8
    • van Wilgen, B.W.1
  • 89
    • 0013636134 scopus 로고
    • The effects of catchment management on sediment and nutrient exports in the Natal Drakensberg
    • University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, R.E. Schulze (Ed.)
    • van Wyk D.B. The effects of catchment management on sediment and nutrient exports in the Natal Drakensberg. Proceedings of the 2nd South African National Hydrological Symposium 1985, 266-274. University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg. R.E. Schulze (Ed.).
    • (1985) Proceedings of the 2nd South African National Hydrological Symposium , pp. 266-274
    • van Wyk, D.B.1
  • 90
    • 0023287218 scopus 로고
    • Some effects of afforestation on streamflow in the Western Cape province, South Africa
    • van Wyk D.B. Some effects of afforestation on streamflow in the Western Cape province, South Africa. Water SA 1987, 14:31-36.
    • (1987) Water SA , vol.14 , pp. 31-36
    • van Wyk, D.B.1
  • 91
    • 0001490562 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of woody aliens on ecosystem properties
    • Oxford University Press, Cape Town, I.A.W. Macdonald, F.J. Kruger, A.A. Ferrar (Eds.)
    • Versfeld D.B., van Wilgen B.W. Impacts of woody aliens on ecosystem properties. The Ecology and Control of Biological Invasions in South Africa 1986, 239-246. Oxford University Press, Cape Town. I.A.W. Macdonald, F.J. Kruger, A.A. Ferrar (Eds.).
    • (1986) The Ecology and Control of Biological Invasions in South Africa , pp. 239-246
    • Versfeld, D.B.1    van Wilgen, B.W.2
  • 94
    • 0034283558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latin American forest plantations: opportunities for carbon sequestration, economic development, and financial returns
    • Wright J.A., DiNicola A., Gaitan E. Latin American forest plantations: opportunities for carbon sequestration, economic development, and financial returns. Journal of Forestry 2000, 98:20-23.
    • (2000) Journal of Forestry , vol.98 , pp. 20-23
    • Wright, J.A.1    DiNicola, A.2    Gaitan, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.