메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 871-881

Impact of cerebral palsy on health-related physical fitness in adults: Systematic review

Author keywords

Case control studies; Cerebral palsy; Physical endurance; Physical fitness; Rehabilitation

Indexed keywords

BODY COMPOSITION; CARDIORESPIRATORY ENDURANCE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CINAHL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; EMBASE; ENDURANCE; FITNESS; FLEXIBILITY; HUMAN; MEDLINE; MUSCLE EXERCISE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; MUSCULOSKELETAL FUNCTION; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

EID: 84860250449     PISSN: 00039993     EISSN: 1532821X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.11.032     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (40)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0028814439 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and public health A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine
    • R.R. Pate, M. Pratt, S.N. Blair Physical activity and public health A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine JAMA 273 1995 402 407
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 402-407
    • Pate, R.R.1    Pratt, M.2    Blair, S.N.3
  • 2
    • 0030056083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women
    • S.N. Blair, J.B. Kampert, H.W. Kohl III Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women JAMA 276 1996 205 210
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 205-210
    • Blair, S.N.1    Kampert, J.B.2    Kohl Iii, H.W.3
  • 3
    • 0021798918 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research
    • C.J. Caspersen, K.E. Powell, G.M. Christenson Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research Public Health Rep 100 1985 126 131
    • (1985) Public Health Rep , vol.100 , pp. 126-131
    • Caspersen, C.J.1    Powell, K.E.2    Christenson, G.M.3
  • 4
    • 0032088943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults
    • American College of Sports Medicine Stand [No authors listed]
    • American College of Sports Medicine Stand The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults [No authors listed] Med Sci Sports Exerc 30 1998 975 991
    • (1998) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.30 , pp. 975-991
  • 7
    • 78649727072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerometry-based activity spectrum in persons with chronic physical condition
    • R.J. van den Berg-Emons, H.B. Bussmann, H.J. Stam Accelerometry-based activity spectrum in persons with chronic physical condition Arch Phys Med Rehabil 91 2010 1856 1861
    • (2010) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.91 , pp. 1856-1861
    • Van Den Berg-Emons, R.J.1    Bussmann, H.B.2    Stam, H.J.3
  • 8
    • 34247869927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A report: The definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006
    • P. Rosenbaum, N. Paneth, A. Leviton A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006 Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl 109 2007 8 14
    • (2007) Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl , vol.109 , pp. 8-14
    • Rosenbaum, P.1    Paneth, N.2    Leviton, A.3
  • 9
    • 0035116229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adults with cerebral palsy: A survey describing problems, needs, and resources, with special emphasis on locomotion
    • C. Andersson, E. Mattsson Adults with cerebral palsy: a survey describing problems, needs, and resources, with special emphasis on locomotion Dev Med Child Neurol 43 2001 76 82
    • (2001) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 76-82
    • Andersson, C.1    Mattsson, E.2
  • 10
    • 0034091120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional deterioration in adults with cerebral palsy
    • N. Ando, S. Ueda Functional deterioration in adults with cerebral palsy Clin Rehabil 14 2000 300 306
    • (2000) Clin Rehabil , vol.14 , pp. 300-306
    • Ando, N.1    Ueda, S.2
  • 11
    • 0034902592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional status of adults with cerebral palsy and implications for treatment of children
    • M. Bottos, A. Feliciangeli, L. Sciuto, C. Gericke, A. Vianello Functional status of adults with cerebral palsy and implications for treatment of children Dev Med Child Neurol 43 2001 516 528
    • (2001) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.43 , pp. 516-528
    • Bottos, M.1    Feliciangeli, A.2    Sciuto, L.3    Gericke, C.4    Vianello, A.5
  • 13
    • 0029616163 scopus 로고
    • Medical and functional status of adults with cerebral palsy
    • K.P. Murphy, G.E. Molnar, K. Lankasky Medical and functional status of adults with cerebral palsy Dev Med Child Neurol 37 1995 1075 1084
    • (1995) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.37 , pp. 1075-1084
    • Murphy, K.P.1    Molnar, G.E.2    Lankasky, K.3
  • 14
    • 4544341636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Descriptions of functioning and health and relations to a gross motor classification in adults with cerebral palsy
    • K. Sandstrom, J. Alinder, B. Oberg Descriptions of functioning and health and relations to a gross motor classification in adults with cerebral palsy Disabil Rehabil 26 2004 1023 1031
    • (2004) Disabil Rehabil , vol.26 , pp. 1023-1031
    • Sandstrom, K.1    Alinder, J.2    Oberg, B.3
  • 15
    • 1242294575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decline in function and life expectancy of older persons with cerebral palsy
    • D. Strauss, K. Ojdana, R. Shavelle, L. Rosenbloom Decline in function and life expectancy of older persons with cerebral palsy NeuroRehabilitation 19 2004 69 78
    • (2004) NeuroRehabilitation , vol.19 , pp. 69-78
    • Strauss, D.1    Ojdana, K.2    Shavelle, R.3    Rosenbloom, L.4
  • 16
    • 2942689536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dependence in daily activities and life satisfaction in adult subjects with cerebral palsy or spina bifida: A follow-up study
    • E. Andren, G. Grimby Dependence in daily activities and life satisfaction in adult subjects with cerebral palsy or spina bifida: a follow-up study Disabil Rehabil 26 2004 528 536
    • (2004) Disabil Rehabil , vol.26 , pp. 528-536
    • Andren, E.1    Grimby, G.2
  • 18
    • 64349115266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactive lifestyle in adults with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy
    • C. Nieuwenhuijsen, W.M. van der Slot, A. Beelen Inactive lifestyle in adults with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy J Rehabil Med 41 2009 375 381
    • (2009) J Rehabil Med , vol.41 , pp. 375-381
    • Nieuwenhuijsen, C.1    Van Der Slot, W.M.2    Beelen, A.3
  • 19
    • 0242442028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body fat, fitness and level of everyday physical activity in adolescents and young adults with meningomyelocele
    • H.J. van den Berg-Emons, J.B. Bussmann, H.J. Meyerink, M.E. Roebroeck, H.J. Stam Body fat, fitness and level of everyday physical activity in adolescents and young adults with meningomyelocele J Rehabil Med 35 2003 271 275
    • (2003) J Rehabil Med , vol.35 , pp. 271-275
    • Van Den Berg-Emons, H.J.1    Bussmann, J.B.2    Meyerink, H.J.3    Roebroeck, M.E.4    Stam, H.J.5
  • 21
    • 0007728568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise and the prevention of chronic disabling illness
    • D.M. Dawson, D.M. Slovik, Human Kinetics Champaign
    • C.J. Crespo Exercise and the prevention of chronic disabling illness D.M. Dawson, D.M. Slovik, Exercise in rehabilitation medicine 1999 Human Kinetics Champaign 151 172
    • (1999) Exercise in Rehabilitation Medicine , pp. 151-172
    • Crespo, C.J.1
  • 25
    • 0020625636 scopus 로고
    • A new definition of youth fitness
    • R.R. Pate A new definition of youth fitness Physician Sports Med 11 1983 77 83
    • (1983) Physician Sports Med , vol.11 , pp. 77-83
    • Pate, R.R.1
  • 26
    • 84925548115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
    • D. Moher, A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, D.G. Altman Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement J Clin Epidemiol 62 2009 1006 1012
    • (2009) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.62 , pp. 1006-1012
    • Moher, D.1    Liberati, A.2    Tetzlaff, J.3    Altman, D.G.4
  • 27
    • 34547851792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: A systematic review and annotated bibliography
    • S. Sanderson, I.D. Tatt, J.P. Higgins Tools for assessing quality and susceptibility to bias in observational studies in epidemiology: a systematic review and annotated bibliography Int J Epidemiol 36 2007 666 676
    • (2007) Int J Epidemiol , vol.36 , pp. 666-676
    • Sanderson, S.1    Tatt, I.D.2    Higgins, J.P.3
  • 31
    • 33745170656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions for treating the posterior interosseus nerve syndrome: A systematic review of observational studies
    • B.M. Huisstede, H.S. Miedema, T. van Opstal Interventions for treating the posterior interosseus nerve syndrome: a systematic review of observational studies J Peripher Nerv Syst 11 2006 101 110
    • (2006) J Peripher Nerv Syst , vol.11 , pp. 101-110
    • Huisstede, B.M.1    Miedema, H.S.2    Van Opstal, T.3
  • 32
    • 65249164268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between work-related factors and specific disorders at the elbow: A systematic literature review
    • R.M. van Rijn, B.M. Huisstede, B.W. Koes, A. Burdorf Associations between work-related factors and specific disorders at the elbow: a systematic literature review Rheumatology (Oxford) 48 2009 528 536
    • (2009) Rheumatology (Oxford) , vol.48 , pp. 528-536
    • Van Rijn, R.M.1    Huisstede, B.M.2    Koes, B.W.3    Burdorf, A.4
  • 33
    • 77951986835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between work-related factors and specific disorders of the shoulder - A systematic review of the literature
    • R.M. van Rijn, B.M. Huisstede, B.W. Koes, A. Burdorf Associations between work-related factors and specific disorders of the shoulder - a systematic review of the literature Scand J Work Environ Health 36 2010 189 201
    • (2010) Scand J Work Environ Health , vol.36 , pp. 189-201
    • Van Rijn, R.M.1    Huisstede, B.M.2    Koes, B.W.3    Burdorf, A.4
  • 35
    • 0037938708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group
    • M. Van Tulder, A. Furlan, C. Bombardier, L. Bouter Updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28 2003 1290 1299
    • (2003) Spine (Phila Pa 1976) , vol.28 , pp. 1290-1299
    • Van Tulder, M.1    Furlan, A.2    Bombardier, C.3    Bouter, L.4
  • 36
    • 0017887866 scopus 로고
    • Maximal aerobic capacity of young people with spastic cerebral palsy
    • A. Lundberg Maximal aerobic capacity of young people with spastic cerebral palsy Dev Med Child Neurol 20 1978 205 210
    • (1978) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.20 , pp. 205-210
    • Lundberg, A.1
  • 37
    • 0017188317 scopus 로고
    • Oxygen consumption in relation to work load in students with cerebral palsy
    • A. Lundberg Oxygen consumption in relation to work load in students with cerebral palsy J Appl Physiol 40 1976 873 875
    • (1976) J Appl Physiol , vol.40 , pp. 873-875
    • Lundberg, A.1
  • 38
    • 52549112449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiorespiratory endurance and work efficiency of people with cerebral palsy measured using an arm ergometer
    • S. Kusano, Y. Iwasaki, Y. Tobimatsu, T. Suyama Cardiorespiratory endurance and work efficiency of people with cerebral palsy measured using an arm ergometer J Phys Ther Sci 13 2001 49 52
    • (2001) J Phys Ther Sci , vol.13 , pp. 49-52
    • Kusano, S.1    Iwasaki, Y.2    Tobimatsu, Y.3    Suyama, T.4
  • 39
    • 0031849985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiorespiratory endurance in people with cerebral palsy measured using an arm ergometer
    • Y. Tobimatsu, R. Nakamura, S. Kusano, Y. Iwasaki Cardiorespiratory endurance in people with cerebral palsy measured using an arm ergometer Arch Phys Med Rehabil 79 1998 991 993
    • (1998) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , pp. 991-993
    • Tobimatsu, Y.1    Nakamura, R.2    Kusano, S.3    Iwasaki, Y.4
  • 40
    • 54349100257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of skin folding of dominant and nondominant hemibodies in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy
    • O.G. Macedo, J.G. Carazzato, E.S. Meirelles Comparative study of skin folding of dominant and nondominant hemibodies in spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy Clinics (Sao Paulo) 63 2008 601 606
    • (2008) Clinics (Sao Paulo) , vol.63 , pp. 601-606
    • MacEdo, O.G.1    Carazzato, J.G.2    Meirelles, E.S.3
  • 41
    • 35648985655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grip strength parameters and functional activities in young adults with unilateral cerebral palsy compared with healthy subjects
    • J. van Meeteren, R.M. van Rijn, R.W. Selles, M.E. Roebroeck, H.J. Stam Grip strength parameters and functional activities in young adults with unilateral cerebral palsy compared with healthy subjects J Rehabil Med 39 2007 598 604
    • (2007) J Rehabil Med , vol.39 , pp. 598-604
    • Van Meeteren, J.1    Van Rijn, R.M.2    Selles, R.W.3    Roebroeck, M.E.4    Stam, H.J.5
  • 43
    • 0345270403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal coupling of knee and hip moments during maximal exertions in persons with cerebral palsy
    • D.D. Thelen, S.A. Riewald, D.S. Asakawa, T.D. Sanger, S.L. Delp Abnormal coupling of knee and hip moments during maximal exertions in persons with cerebral palsy Muscle Nerve 27 2003 486 493
    • (2003) Muscle Nerve , vol.27 , pp. 486-493
    • Thelen, D.D.1    Riewald, S.A.2    Asakawa, D.S.3    Sanger, T.D.4    Delp, S.L.5
  • 44
    • 0021282097 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of physical working capacity of young people with spastic cerebral palsy
    • A. Lundberg Longitudinal study of physical working capacity of young people with spastic cerebral palsy Dev Med Child Neurol 26 1984 328 334
    • (1984) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.26 , pp. 328-334
    • Lundberg, A.1
  • 47
    • 0017612888 scopus 로고
    • Prediction accuracy of body density, lean body weight, and total body volume equations
    • A.S. Jackson, M.L. Pollock Prediction accuracy of body density, lean body weight, and total body volume equations Med Sci Sports 4 1977 197 201
    • (1977) Med Sci Sports , vol.4 , pp. 197-201
    • Jackson, A.S.1    Pollock, M.L.2
  • 48
    • 0016176101 scopus 로고
    • Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: Measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years
    • J.V. Durnin, J. Womersley Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years Br J Nutr 32 1974 77 97
    • (1974) Br J Nutr , vol.32 , pp. 77-97
    • Durnin, J.V.1    Womersley, J.2
  • 49
    • 0004273988 scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. American Society of Hand Therapists Garner No authors listed
    • Clinical assessment recommendations 2nd ed. 1981 American Society of Hand Therapists Garner No authors listed
    • (1981) Clinical Assessment Recommendations
  • 50
    • 0022990042 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiological factors which limit the exercise capacity of the sick child
    • O. Bar-Or Pathophysiological factors which limit the exercise capacity of the sick child Med Sci Sports Exerc 18 1986 276 282
    • (1986) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.18 , pp. 276-282
    • Bar-Or, O.1
  • 51
    • 0026668905 scopus 로고
    • Anaerobic endurance and peak muscle power in children with spastic cerebral palsy
    • D.F. Parker, L. Carriere, H. Hebestreit, O. Bar-Or Anaerobic endurance and peak muscle power in children with spastic cerebral palsy Am J Dis Child 146 1992 1069 1073
    • (1992) Am J Dis Child , vol.146 , pp. 1069-1073
    • Parker, D.F.1    Carriere, L.2    Hebestreit, H.3    Bar-Or, O.4
  • 52
    • 0031939536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower-extremity strength profiles in spastic cerebral palsy
    • M.E. Wiley, D.L. Damiano Lower-extremity strength profiles in spastic cerebral palsy Dev Med Child Neurol 40 1998 100 107
    • (1998) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.40 , pp. 100-107
    • Wiley, M.E.1    Damiano, D.L.2
  • 53
    • 0017692759 scopus 로고
    • Endurance training within a program of physical education in children predominantly with cerebral palsy
    • H. Rieckert, U. Bruhn, U. Schwalm Endurance training within a program of physical education in children predominantly with cerebral palsy Medizinische Welt 28 1977 1694 1701
    • (1977) Medizinische Welt , vol.28 , pp. 1694-1701
    • Rieckert, H.1    Bruhn, U.2    Schwalm, U.3
  • 54
    • 0017125848 scopus 로고
    • Physiological effects of a sports rehabilitation program on cerebral palsied and post-poliomyelitic adolescents
    • O. Bar-Or, O. Inbar, R. Spira Physiological effects of a sports rehabilitation program on cerebral palsied and post-poliomyelitic adolescents Med Sci Sports 8 1976 157 161
    • (1976) Med Sci Sports , vol.8 , pp. 157-161
    • Bar-Or, O.1    Inbar, O.2    Spira, R.3
  • 55
    • 0000431346 scopus 로고
    • Maximal treadmill performance of children with cerebral palsy
    • M. Hoofwijk, V. Unnithan, O. Bar-Or Maximal treadmill performance of children with cerebral palsy Pediatr Exerc Sci 7 1995 305 313
    • (1995) Pediatr Exerc Sci , vol.7 , pp. 305-313
    • Hoofwijk, M.1    Unnithan, V.2    Bar-Or, O.3
  • 56
    • 0036338685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of the effectiveness of strength-training programs for people with cerebral palsy
    • K.J. Dodd, N.F. Taylor, D.L. Damiano A systematic review of the effectiveness of strength-training programs for people with cerebral palsy Arch Phys Med Rehabil 83 2002 1157 1164
    • (2002) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , pp. 1157-1164
    • Dodd, K.J.1    Taylor, N.F.2    Damiano, D.L.3
  • 57
    • 42449131769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise programs for children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review of the literature
    • O. Verschuren, M. Ketelaar, T. Takken, P.J. Helders, J.W. Gorter Exercise programs for children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review of the literature Am J Phys Med Rehabil 87 2008 404 417
    • (2008) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.87 , pp. 404-417
    • Verschuren, O.1    Ketelaar, M.2    Takken, T.3    Helders, P.J.4    Gorter, J.W.5
  • 58
    • 77953335342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cardiorespiratory training on aerobic fitness and carryover to activity in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review
    • J.M. Butler, A. Scianni, L. Ada Effect of cardiorespiratory training on aerobic fitness and carryover to activity in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review Int J Rehabil Res 33 2010 97 103
    • (2010) Int J Rehabil Res , vol.33 , pp. 97-103
    • Butler, J.M.1    Scianni, A.2    Ada, L.3
  • 60
    • 42549144506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hand-grip dynamometry predicts future outcomes in aging adults
    • R.W. Bohannon Hand-grip dynamometry predicts future outcomes in aging adults J Geriatr Phys Ther 31 2008 3 10
    • (2008) J Geriatr Phys Ther , vol.31 , pp. 3-10
    • Bohannon, R.W.1
  • 61
    • 0025300784 scopus 로고
    • The role of muscle loss in the age-related decline of grip strength: Cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives
    • D.A. Kallman, C.C. Plato, J.D. Tobin The role of muscle loss in the age-related decline of grip strength: cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives J Gerontol 45 1990 M82 M88
    • (1990) J Gerontol , vol.45
    • Kallman, D.A.1    Plato, C.C.2    Tobin, J.D.3
  • 62
    • 0027530028 scopus 로고
    • Normal values for handgrip strength in 920 men and women aged over 65 years, and longitudinal changes over 4 years in 620 survivors
    • E.J. Bassey, U.J. Harries Normal values for handgrip strength in 920 men and women aged over 65 years, and longitudinal changes over 4 years in 620 survivors Clin Sci (Lond) 84 1993 331 337
    • (1993) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.84 , pp. 331-337
    • Bassey, E.J.1    Harries, U.J.2
  • 63
    • 0029830671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimization of force in the Wingate Test for children with a neuromuscular disease
    • E. Van Mill, N. Schoeber, R.E. Calvert, O. Bar-Or Optimization of force in the Wingate Test for children with a neuromuscular disease Med Sci Sports Exerc 28 1996 1087 1092
    • (1996) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.28 , pp. 1087-1092
    • Van Mill, E.1    Schoeber, N.2    Calvert, R.E.3    Bar-Or, O.4
  • 64
    • 0031730061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation by exercise testing of the child with cerebral palsy
    • V.B. Unnithan, C. Clifford, O. Bar-Or Evaluation by exercise testing of the child with cerebral palsy Sports Med 26 1998 239 251
    • (1998) Sports Med , vol.26 , pp. 239-251
    • Unnithan, V.B.1    Clifford, C.2    Bar-Or, O.3
  • 65
    • 0014493654 scopus 로고
    • The histographic analysis of human muscle biopsies with regard to fiber types 2. Diseases of the upper and lower motor neuron
    • M.H. Brooke, W.K. Engel The histographic analysis of human muscle biopsies with regard to fiber types 2. Diseases of the upper and lower motor neuron Neurology 19 1969 378 393
    • (1969) Neurology , vol.19 , pp. 378-393
    • Brooke, M.H.1    Engel, W.K.2
  • 66
    • 70049090396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscle deficits in cerebral palsy and early loss of mobility: Can we learn something from our elders?
    • A. Shortland Muscle deficits in cerebral palsy and early loss of mobility: can we learn something from our elders? Dev Med Child Neurol 51 Suppl 4 2009 59 63
    • (2009) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 4 , pp. 59-63
    • Shortland, A.1
  • 67
    • 0026669279 scopus 로고
    • Dietary and anthropometric assessment of adults with cerebral palsy
    • T.M. Ferrang, R.K. Johnson, M.S. Ferrara Dietary and anthropometric assessment of adults with cerebral palsy J Am Diet Assoc 92 1992 1083 1086
    • (1992) J Am Diet Assoc , vol.92 , pp. 1083-1086
    • Ferrang, T.M.1    Johnson, R.K.2    Ferrara, M.S.3
  • 69
    • 0037132876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias and causal associations in observational research
    • D.A. Grimes, K.F. Schulz Bias and causal associations in observational research Lancet 359 2002 248 252
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 248-252
    • Grimes, D.A.1    Schulz, K.F.2
  • 70
    • 0037006383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case-control studies: Research in reverse
    • K.F. Schulz, D.A. Grimes Case-control studies: research in reverse Lancet 359 2002 431 434
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 431-434
    • Schulz, K.F.1    Grimes, D.A.2
  • 71
    • 68949157022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empirical evidence of an association between internal validity and effect size in randomized controlled trials of low-back pain
    • M.W. van Tulder, M. Suttorp, S. Morton, L.M. Bouter, P. Shekelle Empirical evidence of an association between internal validity and effect size in randomized controlled trials of low-back pain Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34 2009 1685 1692
    • (2009) Spine (Phila Pa 1976) , vol.34 , pp. 1685-1692
    • Van Tulder, M.W.1    Suttorp, M.2    Morton, S.3    Bouter, L.M.4    Shekelle, P.5
  • 72
    • 84860235007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. Elsevier Gezondheidszorg Maarssen
    • T. Takken Inspanningstests 2nd ed. 2007 Elsevier Gezondheidszorg Maarssen
    • (2007) Inspanningstests
    • Takken, T.1
  • 74
    • 0030829138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body composition in adults with cerebral palsy by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and skinfold anthropometry compared with the 18O isotope-dilution technique
    • H.G. Hildreth, R.K. Johnson, M.I. Goran, S.H. Contompasis Body composition in adults with cerebral palsy by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and skinfold anthropometry compared with the 18O isotope-dilution technique Am J Clin Nutr 66 1997 1436 1442
    • (1997) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.66 , pp. 1436-1442
    • Hildreth, H.G.1    Johnson, R.K.2    Goran, M.I.3    Contompasis, S.H.4
  • 75
    • 0002034881 scopus 로고
    • Use of respiratory quotients in assessment of aerobic work capacity
    • B. Issekutz, N.C. Birhead, K. Rodahl Use of respiratory quotients in assessment of aerobic work capacity J Appl Physiol 17 1962 47 50
    • (1962) J Appl Physiol , vol.17 , pp. 47-50
    • Issekutz, B.1    Birhead, N.C.2    Rodahl, K.3
  • 76
    • 0023716502 scopus 로고
    • Implications of exercise testing for prediction of athletic performance: A contemporary perspective
    • T.D. Noakes Implications of exercise testing for prediction of athletic performance: a contemporary perspective Med Sci Sports Exerc 20 1988 319 330
    • (1988) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.20 , pp. 319-330
    • Noakes, T.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.