Participatory domestication of indigenous fruit and nut trees: New crops for sustainable agriculture in developing countries

Biodiversity in Agriculture: Domestication, Evolution, and Sustainability

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 479-501

  Leakey, Roger R B ^a  

^a JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859908242     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139019514.029     Document Type: Chapter

References (93)

1. Anegbeh PO, VUkafor, CUsoro et al. 2005.Domestication of Dacryodes edulis: 1.Phenotypic variation of fruit traits from 100 trees in southeast Nigeria. New Forests 29: 149-60.
2. Anegbeh PO, CUsoro, VUkafor et al. 2003. Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis: 3. Phenotypic variation of fruits and kernels in a Nigerian village. Agroforestry Systems 58: 213-18.
3. Atangana AR, Z Tchoundjeu, J-M Fondoun et al. 2001. Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis: 1. Phenotypic variation in fruit and kernels in two populations from Cameroon. Agroforestry Systems 53: 55-64.
4. Atangana AR, V Ukafor, PO Anegbeh et al. 2002. Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis: 2. The selection of multiple traits for potential cultivars from Cameroon and Nigeria. Agroforestry Systems 55: 221-9.
5. Attipoe L, A van Andel, and SK Nyame. 2006. The Novella Project: Developing a sustainable supply chain for Allanblackia oil. Pp. 179-89 in RRuben, MSlingerland, and H. Nijhof (eds) Agro-Food Chains and Networks for Development. New York, NY: Springer.
6. Awono A, O Ndoye, K Schreckenberg et al. 2002. Production and marketing of Safou (Dacryodes edulis) in Cameroon and internationally: Market development issues. Forest, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 125-47.
7. Barany M, AL Hammett, RRB Leakey, and KM Moore. 2003. Income generating opportunities for smallholders affected by HIV/AIDS: Linking agro-ecological change and non-timber forest product markets. Journal of Management Studies 39: 26-39.
8. Barany M, AL Hammett, A Sene, and B Amichev. 2001. Non-timber forest benefits and HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Forestry 99: 36-42.
9. Brigham T, A Chihongo, and E Chidumayo. 1996. Trade in woodland products from the miombo region. Pp. 137-174 in BM Campbell (ed) The Miombo in Transition: Woodlands and Welfare in Africa. Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR.
10. Bunt C and RRB Leakey. 2008. Domestication potential and marketing of Canarium indicum nuts in the Pacific: Commercialization and market development. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 18: 271-89.
11. Cooper PJ, RRB Leakey, MR Rao, and L Reynolds. 1996. Agroforestry and the mitigation of land degradation in the humid and sub-humid tropics of Africa. Experimental Agriculture 32: 235-90.
12. Degrande A, K Schreckenberg, C Mbosso et al. 2006. Farmers' fruit tree growing strategies in the humid forest zone of Cameroon and Nigeria. Agroforestry Systems 67: 159-75.
13. Diamond J. 1997. Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. London: W.W. Norton & Co.
14. Franzel S, H Jaenicke, and W Janssen. 1996. Choosing the Right Trees: Setting Priorities for Multipurpose Tree Improvement. ISNAR Research Report 8. International Service for National Agricultural Research. The Hague, The Netherlands.
15. Gatsby Charitable Foundation. 2005. The Quiet Revolution: Push-pull Technology and the African Farmer. Gatsby Occasional Paper. London: Gatsby Charitable Foundation. http://www.gatsby.org.uk
16. Gockowski J, J Tonye, and D Baker. 1997. Characterisation and Diagnosis of Agricultural Systems in the Alternatives to Slash and Burn Forest Margins Benchmark of Southern Cameroon. Report to ASB Programme. Ibadan, Nigeria: IITA.
17. Harlan JR. 1975. Crops and Man. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy/Crop Science Society of America.
18. Kalenda DT, CE Missang, TT Kinkela, HC Krebs, and CMGC Renard. 2002. New developments in the chemical characterisation of the fruit of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 11: 119-23.
19. Kapseu C, E Avouampo, and B Djeumako. 2002. Oil extraction from Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H. J. Lam fruit. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 11: 97-104.
20. Kengni E, Z Tchoundjeu, FM Tchouangep, and CMF Mbofung. 2001, Sensory evaluation of Dacryodes edulis fruit types. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 11: 1-10.
21. Kengue J, FN Tchuenguem Fohouo, and HG Adewusi. 2002. Towards the improvement of Safou (Dacryodes edulis): Population variation and reproductive biology. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 11: 73-84.
22. Kiers ET, RRB Leakey, A-M Izac et al. 2008. Agriculture at a crossroads. Science 320: 320-1.
23. Leakey RRB. 1985. The capacity for vegetative propagation in trees. Pp. 110-33 in MGR Cannell and JE Jackson (eds) Attributes of Trees as Crop Plants. Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, UK: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.
24. Leakey RRB. 1991. Towards a strategy for clonal forestry: Some guidelines based on experience with tropical trees. Pp. 27-42 in JE Jackson (ed) Tree Breeding and Improvement. Tring, UK: Royal Forestry Society of England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
25. Leakey RRB. 1996. Definition of agroforestry revisited. Agroforestry Today 8: 5-7.
26. Leakey RRB. 1997. Domestication potential of Prunus africana ('Pygeum') in sub-Saharan Africa. Pp. 99-106 in AM Kinyua, WM Kofi-Tsekpo, and LB Dangana (eds) Conservation and Utilization of Medicinal Plants and Wild Relatives of Food Crops. Nairobi, Kenya: UNESCO.
27. Leakey RRB. 1999. Potential for novel food products from agroforestry trees. Food Chemistry 64: 1-14.
28. Leakey RRB. 2004. Physiology of vegetative reproduction. Pp. 1655-68 in J Burley, J Evans, and JA Youngquist (eds) Encyclopaedia of Forest Sciences. London: Academic Press.
29. Leakey RRB. 2005. Domestication potential of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp caffra) in South Africa and Namibia: 3. Multi-trait selection. Agroforestry Systems 64: 51-9.
30. Leakey RRB. 2011. Smallholder cocoa agroforests: multiple forest products and services - a model for sustainable development? Pp. 000-000 in AB Bennett, C Keen, and H-Y Shapiro (eds) Theobroma cacao: Biology, Chemistry and Human Health. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
31. Leakey RRB and FK Akinnifesi. 2008. Towards a domestication strategy for indigenous fruit trees in the tropics. Pp. 28-49 in FK Akinnifesi, RRB Leakey, OC Ajayi et al. (eds) Indigenous Fruit Trees in the Tropics: Domestication, Utilization and Commercialization. Wallingford, UK: CAB International.
32. Leakey RRB, AR Atangana, E Kengni et al. 2002. Domestication of Dacryodes edulis in West and Central Africa: Characterisation of genetic variation. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 57-72.
33. Leakey RRB, S Fuller, T Treloar et al. 2008. Characterization of tree-to-tree variation in morphological, nutritional and chemical properties of Canarium indicum nuts. Agroforestry Systems 73: 77-87.
34. Leakey RRB, P Greenwell, MN Hall et al. 2005a. Domestication of Irvingia gabonensis: 4. Tree-to-tree variation in food-thickening properties and in fat and protein contents of Dika Nut. Food Chemistry 90: 365-78.
35. Leakey R, G Kranjac-Berisavljevic, P Caron et al. 2009. Impacts of AKST on development and sustainability goals. Pp. 145-253 in BD McIntyre, HR Herren, J Wakhungu, and RT Watson (eds) International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD): Global Report. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
36. Leakey RRB, FT Last, and KA Longman. 1982. Domestication of forest trees: A process to secure the productivity and future diversity of tropical ecosystems. Commonwealth Forestry Review 61: 33-42.
37. Leakey RRB, JF Mese´n, Z Tchoundjeu et al. 1990. Low-technology techniques for the vegetative propagation of tropical trees. Commonwealth Forestry Review 69: 247-57.
38. Leakey RRB and AC Newton (eds). 1994a. Tropical Trees: The Potential for Domestication and the Rebuilding of Forest Resources. London: HMSO.
39. Leakey RRB and AC Newton. 1994b. Domestication of Tropical Trees for Timber and Non- Timber Forest Products. MAB Digest No. 17. Paris: UNESCO.
40. Leakey RRB and AC Newton. 1994c. Domestication of 'Cinderella' species as the start of a woody-plant revolution. Pp. 3-4 in RRB Leakey and AC Newton (eds) Tropical Trees: The Potential for Domestication and the Rebuilding of Forest Resources. London: HMSO.
41. Leakey RRB and T Page. 2006. The 'ideotype concept' and its application to the selection of 'AFTP' cultivars. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16: 5-16.
42. Leakey RRB, K Pate, and C Lombard. 2005b. Domestication potential of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp caffra) in South Africa and Namibia: 2. Phenotypic variation in nut and kernel traits. Agroforestry Systems 64: 37-49.
43. Leakey RRB, K Schreckenberg, and Z Tchoundjeu. 2003. The participatory domestication of West African indigenous fruits. International Forestry Review 5: 338-47.
44. Leakey RRB, S Shackleton, and P du Plessis. 2005c. Domestication potential of Marula (Sclerocarya birrea subsp caffra) in South Africa and Namibia: 1. Phenotypic variation in fruit traits. Agroforestry Systems 64: 25-35.
45. Leakey RRB and AJ Simons. 1998. The domestication and commercialisation of indigenous trees in agroforestry for the alleviation of poverty. Agroforestry Systems 38: 165-76.
46. Leakey RRB, Z Tchoundjeu, K Schreckenberg, S Shackleton, and C Shackleton. 2005d. Agroforestry Tree Products (AFTPs): Targeting poverty reduction and enhanced livelihoods. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 3: 1-23.
47. Leakey RRB, Z Tchoundjeu, K Schreckenberg et al. 2007. Trees and markets for agroforestry tree products: Targeting poverty reduction and enhanced livelihoods. Pp. 11-22 in D Garrity, A Okono, M Grayson, and S Parrott (eds) World Agroforestry into the Future. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.
48. Leakey RRB, Z Tchoundjeu, RI Smith et al. 2004. Evidence that subsistence farmers have domesticated indigenous fruits (Dacryodes edulis and Irvingia gabonensis) in Cameroon and Nigeria. Agroforestry Systems 60: 101-11.
49. Leakey RRB, AB Temu, M Melnyk, and P Vantomme (eds). 1996. Domestication and Commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products for Agroforestry. Non-Wood Forest Products 9. Rome: UNFAO.
50. Leakey RRB and TP Tomich. 1999. Domestication of tropical trees: From biology to economics and policy. Pp. 319-38 in LE Buck, JP Lassoie and ECM Fernandes (eds) Agroforestry in Sustainable Ecosystems. New York, NY: CRC Press/Lewis Publishers.
51. Longman KA and RRB Leakey. 1995. La domestication du Samba. Annales des Sciences Forestie`res 52: 43-56.
52. Lowe AJ, ACM Gillies, J Wilson, and IK Dawson. 2000. Conservation genetics of bush mango from central/west Africa: Implications from random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Molecular Ecology 9: 831-41.
53. Lowe AJ, JR Russell, W Powell, and IK Dawson. 1998. Identification and characterization of nuclear, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) loci in Irvingia gabonensis and I. wombolu, indigenous fruit trees of west and central Africa. Molecular Ecology 7: 1771-88.
54. McIntyre BD, HR Herren, J Wakhungu, and RT Watson (eds.). 2009. International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD): Global Report. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
55. Mialoundama F. 1993. Nutritional and socio-economic value of Gnetum leaves in Central African forest. Pp. 177-82 in CM Hladik, A Hladik, OF Linares et al. (eds) Tropical Forests, People and Food: Biocultural Interactions and Applications to Development. Carnforth, UK: Parthenon Publishing Group.
56. Mialoundama F, M-L Avana, E Youmbi et al. 2002. Vegetative propagation of Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam by marcots, cuttings and micropropagation. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 85-96.
57. Mitschein TA and PS Miranda. 1998. POEMA: A proposal for sustainable development in Amazonia. Pp. 329-66 in DE Leihner and TA Mitschein (eds) A Third Millenium for Humanity? The Search for Paths of Sustainable Development. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
58. Mudge KW and EB Brennan. 1999. Clonal propagation of multipurpose and fruit trees used in agroforestry. Pp. 157-90 in LE Buck, JP Lassoie, and ECM Fernandes (eds) Agroforestry in Sustainable Ecosystems. New York, NY: CRC Press/Lewis Publishers.
59. Ndoye O, M Ruiz-Perez, and A Ayebe. 1997. The Markets of Non-timber Forest Products in the Humid Forest Zone of Cameroon. Rural Development Forestry Network, Network Paper 22c. London: Overseas Development Institute.
60. Nevenimo T, J Moxon, J Wemin, et al. 2007. Domestication potential and marketing of Canarium indicum nuts in the Pacific: 1. A literature review. Agroforestry Systems 69: 117-34.
61. Newton AC, RRB Leakey, and JF Mese´n. 1993. Genetic variation in Mahoganies: Its importance, capture and utilization. Biodiversity and Conservation 2: 114-26.
62. Ngo Mpeck ML, E Asaah, Z Tchoundjeu, and AR Atangana. 2003a. Strategies for the domestication of Ricinodendron heudelotii: Evaluation of variability in natural populations from Cameroon. Agriculture and Environment 1: 257-62.
63. Ngo Mpeck ML, Z Tchoundjeu, and E Asaah. 2003b. Vegetative propagation of Pausinystalia johimbe (K. Schum) by leafy stem cuttings. Propagation of Ornamental Plants 3: 11-18.
64. Ofori DA, AC Newton, RRB Leakey, and JR Cobbinah. 1996a. Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa Welw. by root cuttings. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 9: 124-7.
65. Ofori DA, AC Newton, RRB Leakey, and J Grace. 1996b. Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa Welw. by leafy stem cuttings. II. Effects of auxin concentration, leaf area and rooting medium. Forest Ecology and Management 84: 39-48.
66. Ofori DA, AC Newton, RRB Leakey, and J Grace. 1997. Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa Welw. by leafy stem cuttings. I. Effects of maturation, coppicing, cutting length and position on rooting ability. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 10: 115-29.
67. Okafor JC. 1980. Edible indigenous woody plants in the rural economy of the Nigerian forest zone. Forest Ecology and Management 3: 45-55.
68. Okafor JC. 1983. Varietal delimitation in Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H. J. Lam. (Burseraceae). International Tree Crops Journal 2: 255-65.
69. Page T, I Southwell, M Russell, M Annandale, and RRB Leakey. 2007a. Evaluation of heartwood and oil characters in seven populations of Santalum lanceolatum from Cape York. Pp. 131-6 in L Thomson, S Bulai, and B Wilikibau (eds) Regional Workshop on Sandalwood Research, Development and Extension in the Pacific Islands and Asia. Nadi, Fiji: Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), Australian Agency for International Development Assistance (AusAID), German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ).
70. Page T, H Tate, and J Tungon. 2007b. Evaluation of heartwood and oil characters in nine populations of Santalum austrocaledonicum from Vanuatu. Pp. 123-9 in L Thomson, S Bulai, and B Wilikibau (eds) Regional Workshop on Sandalwood Research, Development and Extension in the Pacific Islands and Asia. Nadi, Fiji: Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), Australian Agency for International Development Assistance (AusAID), German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ).
71. Panik F. 1998. The use of biodiversity and implications for industrial production. Pp. 59-73 in DE Leihner and TA Mitschein (eds) A Third Millennium for Humanity? The Search for Paths of Sustainable Development. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
72. Pauku RL. 2005. Domestication of indigenous nuts for agroforestry in the Solomon Islands. PhD Thesis, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.
73. Schreckenberg K, A Degrande, C Mbosso et al. 2002. The social and economic importance of Dacryodes edulis (G.Don) H.J. Lam in southern Cameroon. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 15-40.
74. Shackleton CM, CM Dzerefos, SE Shackleton, and FR Mathabela. 2000. The use of and trade in indigenous edible fruits in the Bushbuckridge savanna region, South Africa. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 39: 225-45.
75. Shackleton SE, CM Shackleton, AB Cunningham et al. 2002. Knowledge on Sclerocarya birrea in South and Southern Africa: A Summary. Part 1. Taxonomy, ecology and role in rural livelihoods. Southern African Forestry Journal 194: 27-41.
76. Shapiro H-Y and EM Rosenquist. 2004. Public/private partnerships in agroforestry: The example of working together to improve cocoa sustainability. Agroforestry Systems 61: 453-62.
77. Shiembo PN, AC Newton, and RRB Leakey. 1996a. Vegetative propagation of Irvingia gabonensis Baill., a West African fruit tree. Forest Ecology and Management 87: 185-92.
78. Shiembo PN, AC Newton, and RRB Leakey. 1996b. Vegetative propagation of Gnetum africanum Welw., a leafy vegetable from West Africa. Journal of Horticultural Science 71: 149-55.
79. Shiembo PN, AC Newton, and RRB Leakey. 1997. Vegetative propagation of Ricinodendron heulelotii (Baill) Pierre ex Pax, a West African fruit tree. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 9: 514-25.
80. Simmonds NW (ed). 1976. Evolution of Crop Plants. London: Longman.
81. Simons AJ. 1996. ICRAF's strategy for domestication of indigenous tree species. Pp. 8-22 in RRB Leakey, AB Temu, M Melnyk, and P Vantomme (eds) Domestication and Commercialization of Non-Timber Forest Products in Agroforestry Systems. Non-Wood Forest Products 9. Rome: UNFAO.
82. Simons AJ and RRB Leakey. 2004. Tree domestication in tropical agroforestry. Agroforestry Systems 61: 167-81.
83. Simons AJ, Z Tchoundjeu, MMunjuga et al. 2000. Domestication strategy. Pp. 39-43 in JB Hall, EM O'Brien, and FL Sinclair (eds) Prunus africana: A monograph. Bangor, Wales, UK: UCNW.
84. Sullivan CA and DP O'Regan. 2003. Winners and Losers in Forest Product Commercialisation. Final Report to DFID Forestry Research Programme (R7795). Wallingford, UK: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. http://www.ceh-wallingford.ac. uk/research/winners/literature.html
85. Tchoundjeu Z, E Asaah, PO Anegbeh et al. 2006. Putting participatory domestication into practice in West and Central Africa. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 16: 53-70.
86. Tchoundjeu Z, ML Avana, RRB Leakey et al. 2002a. Vegetative propagation of Prunus africana: Effects of rooting medium, auxin concentrations and leaf area. Agroforestry Systems 54: 183-92.
87. Tchoundjeu Z, B Duguma, J-M Fondoun, and J Kengue J. 1998. Strategy for the domestication of indigenous fruit trees of West Africa: Case of Irvingia gabonensis in southern Cameroon. Cameroon Journal of Biology and Biochemical Sciences 4: 21-8.
88. Tchoundjeu Z, J Kengue, and RRB Leakey. 2002b. Domestication of Dacryodes edulis: State-of-the art. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 12: 3-14.
89. Tchoundjeu, Z, MLNgo Mpeck, E Asaah, and A Amougou. 2004. A role of vegetative propagation in the domestication of Pausinystalia johimbe (K. Schum), a highly threatened medicinal species of West and Central Africa. Forest Ecology and Management 188: 175-83.
90. Thiong'o MK, S Kingori, and H Jaenicke. 2002. The taste of the wild: Variation in the nutritional quality of marula fruits and opportunities for domestication. Acta Horticulturae 575: 237-44.
91. Villarreal M, C Holding Anyonge, B Swallow, and F Kwesiga. 2006. The challenge of HIV/ AIDS: Where does agroforestry fit in? Pp. 181-91 in D Garrity, A Okono, M Grayson, and S Parrott (eds) World Agroforestry into the Future. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre.
92. Waruhiu AN, J Kengue, AR Atangana, Z Tchoundjeu, and RRB Leakey. 2004. Domestication of Dacryodes edulis: 2. Phenotypic variation of fruit traits in 200 trees from four populations in the humid lowlands of Cameroon. Food, Agriculture and Environment 2: 340-6.
93. Wynberg RP, SA Laird, S Shackleton et al. 2003. Marula policy brief. Marula commercialisation for sustainable and equitable livelihoods. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods 13: 203-15.