Molecular mechanisms of petal senescence in ornamental plants

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

Volumn 81, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 140-149

  Shibuya, Kenichi ^a  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF VEGETABLE AND TEA SCIENCE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Autophagy; Ethylene; Flower; Programmed cell death

Indexed keywords

IPOMOEA NIL;

EID: 84859871463     PISSN: 18823351     EISSN: 1882336X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2503/jjshs1.81.140     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. Alonso, J. M., T. Hirayama, G. Roman, S. Nourizadeh and J. R. Ecker. 1999. EIN2, a bifunctional transducer of ethylene and stress responses in Arabidopsis. Science 284: 2148-2152
2. Angenent, G. C., M. Busscher, J. Franken, J. N. Mol and A. J. van Tunen. 1992. Differential expression of two MADS box genes in wild-type and mutant petunia flowers. Plant Cell 4: 983-993
3. Arora, A., S. Watanabe, B. Ma, K. Takada and H. Ezura. 2006. A novel ethylene receptor homolog gene isolated from ethyleneinsensitive flowers of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflora hort.). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 351: 739-744
4. Bassham, D. C., M. Laporte, F. Marty, Y. Moriyasu, Y. Ohsumi, L. J. Olsen and K. Yoshimoto. 2006. Autophagy in development and stress responses of plants. Autophagy 2: 2-11
5. Borochov, A. and W. R. Woodson. 1989. Physiology and biochemistry of flower petal senescence. Hort. Rev. 11: 15-43
6. Bovy, A. G., G. C. Angenent, H. J. M. Dons and A. C. van Altvorst. 1999. Heterologous expression of the Arabidopsis etr1-1 allele inhibits the senescence of carnation flowers. Mol. Breeding 5: 301-308
7. Chang, C., S. F. Kwok, A. B. Bleecker and E. M. Meyerowitz. 1993. Arabidopsis ethylene-response gene ETR1: similarity of product to two-component regulators. Science 262: 539-544
8. Chao, Q., M. Rothenberg, R. Solano, G. Roman, W. Terzaghi and J. R. Ecker. 1997. Activation of the ethylene gas response pathway in Arabidopsis by the nuclear protein ETHYLENEINSENSITIVE3 and related proteins. Cell 89: 1133-1144
9. Chen, Q. G. and A. B. Bleecker. 1995. Analysis of ethylene signaltransduction kinetics associated with seedling-growth response and chitinase induction in wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 108: 597-607
10. Ciardi, J. A., K. G. Barry, K. Shibuya, S. Nourizadeh, J. R. Ecker, H. J. Klee and D. G. Clark. 2003. Increased flower longevity in petunia through manipulation of ethylene signaling genes. p. 370-372 In: M. Vendrell, H. Klee, J. C. Pech and F. Romojaro (eds.). Proceedings of the NATO advanced research workshop on biology and biotechnology of the plant hormone ethylene III. IOS press, Amsterdam.
11. Clark, D. G., E. K. Gubrium, J. E. Barrett, T. A. Nell and H. J. Klee. 1999. Root formation in ethylene-insensitive plants. Plant Physiol. 121: 53-60
12. Clark, D. G., H. J. Klee, K. Shibuya and H. M. Loucas. 2007. Genetic elements from FBP3 conferring flower specific transgene expression. US patent: US7, 217, 859.
13. Cui, M. L., K. Takada, B. Ma and H. Ezura. 2004. Overexpression of a mutated melon ethylene receptor gene Cm-ETR1/H69A confers reduced ethylene sensitivity in a heterologous plant, Nemesia strumosa. Plant Sci. 167: 253-258
14. Dervinis, C., D. G. Clark, J. E. Barrett and T. A. Nell. 2000. Effect of pollination and exogenous ethylene on accumulation of ETR1 homologue transcripts during flower petal abscission in geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum L.H. Bailey). Plant Mol. Biol. 42: 847-856
15. Doi, M., Y. Nakagawa, S. Watabe, K. Aoe, K. Inamoto and H. Imanishi. 2003. Ethylene-induced leaf yellowing in cut chrysanthemums (Dendranthema grandiflora Kitamura). J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 72: 533-535
16. Eason, J. R. and L. de Vre. 1995. Ethylene-insensitive floral senescence in Sandersonia aurantiaca (Hook). N. Z. J. Crop Hort. Sci. 23: 447-454
17. Fluhr, R. and A. K. Mattoo. 1996. Ethylene-Biosynthesis and perception. Critic. Rev. Plant Sci. 15: 479-523
18. Fu, Z. D., H. N. Wang, J. Liu, J. X. Liu, J. Wang, Z. Q. Zhang and Y. X. Yu. 2011. Cloning and characterization of a DCEIN2 gene responsive to ethylene and sucrose in cut flower carnation. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 105: 447-455
19. Guo, H. and J. R. Ecker. 2003. Plant responses to ethylene gas are mediated by SCF (EBF1/EBF2)-dependent proteolysis of EIN3 transcription factor. Cell 115: 667-677
20. Halevy, A. H., C. S. Whitehead and A. M. Kofranek. 1984. Does pollination induce corolla abscission of cyclamen flowers by promoting ethylene production. Plant Physiol. 75: 1090-1093
21. Hanson, A. D. and H. Kende. 1975. Ethylene-enhanced ion and sucrose efflux in morning glory flower tissue. Plant Physiol. 55: 663-669
22. Hua, J. and E. M. Meyerowitz. 1998. Ethylene responses are negatively regulated by a receptor gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cell 94: 261-271
23. Hua, J., C. Chang, Q. Sun and E. M. Meyerowitz. 1995. Ethylene insensitivity conferred by Arabidopsis ERS gene. Science 269: 1712-1714
24. Huang, Y., H. Li, C. E. Hutchison, J. Laskey and J. J. Kieber. 2003. Biochemical and functional analysis of CTR1, a protein kinase that negatively regulates ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 33: 221-233
25. Hunter, D. A., B. C. Steele and M. S. Reid. 2002. Identification of genes associated with perianth senescence in Daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. 'Dutch Master'). Plant Sci. 163: 13-21
26. Hunter, D. A., M. F. Yi, X. J. Xu and M. S. Reid. 2004. Role of ethylene in perianth senescence of daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. 'Dutch Master'). Postharvest Biol. Technol. 32: 269-280
27. Ichimura, K. 2010. Post-harvest physiology of cut flowers: progress and future aspects. Bull. Natl. Inst. Flor. Sci. 10: 11-53 (In Japanese).
28. Ichimura, K., H. Shimizu-Yumoto and R. Goto. 2009. Ethylene production by gynoecium and receptacle is associated with sepal abscission in cut Delphinium flowers. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 52: 267-272
29. Iordachescu, M. and S. Verlinden. 2005. Transcriptional regulation of three EIN3-like genes of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. Improved White Sim) during flower development and upon wounding, pollination, and ethylene exposure. J. Exp. Bot. 56: 2011-2018
30. Jones, L., F. Ratcliff and D. C. Baulcombe. 2001. RNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in plants can be inherited independently of the RNA trigger and requires Met1 for maintenance. Curr. Biol. 11: 747-757
31. Jones, M. L. and W. R. Woodson. 1997. Pollination-induced ethylene in carnation (role of stylar ethylene in corolla senescence). Plant Physiol. 115: 205-212
32. Jones, M. L. and W. R. Woodson. 1999a. Differential expression of three members of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family in carnation. Plant Physiol. 119: 755-764
33. Jones, M. L. and W. R. Woodson. 1999b. Interorgan signaling following pollination in carnations. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 124: 598-604
34. Kato, M., H. Shimizu, T. Onozaki, N. Tanikawa, H. Ikeda, T. Hisamatsu and K. Ichimura. 2002. Role of ethylene in senescence of pollinated and unpollinated Campanula medium flowers. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 71: 385-387
35. Kende, H. 1993. Ethylene biosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 44: 283-307
36. Kende, H. and B. Baumgartner. 1974. Regulation of aging in flowers of Ipomoea tricolor by ethylene. Planta 116: 279-289
37. Kende, H. and A. D. Hanson. 1976. Relationship between ethylene evolution and senescence in morning-glory flower tissue. Plant Physiol. 57: 523-527
38. Kevany, B. M., D. M. Tieman, M. G. Taylor, V. D. Cin and H. J. Klee. 2007. Ethylene receptor degradation controls the timing of ripening in tomato fruit. Plant J. 51: 458-467
39. Kieber, J. J., M. Rothenberg, G. Roman, K. A. Feldmann and J. R. Ecker. 1993. CTR1, a negative regulator of the ethylene response pathway in Arabidopsis, encodes a member of the raf family of protein kinases. Cell 72: 427-441
40. Kim, J. H., H. R. Woo, J. Kim, P. O. Lim, I. C. Lee, S. H. Choi, D. Hwang and H. G. Nam. 2009. Trifurcate feed-forward regulation of age-dependent cell death involving miR164 in Arabidopsis. Science 323: 1053-1057
41. Klionsky, D. J., H. Abeliovich, P. Agostinis, D. K. Agrawal, G. Aliev, et al. 2008. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes. Autophagy 4: 151-175
42. Kuroda, S., M. Hakata, Y. Hirose, M. Shiraishi and S. Abe. 2003. Ethylene production and enhanced transcription of an ethylene receptor gene, ERS1, in Delphinium during abscission of florets. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 41: 812-820
43. Larsen, P. B., E. N. Ashworth, M. L. Jones and W. R. Woodson. 1995. Pollination-induced ethylene in carnation (role of pollen tube growth and sexual compatibility). Plant Physiol. 108: 1405-1412
44. Lay-Yee, M., A. D. Stead and M. S. Reid. 1992. Flower senescence in daylily (Hemerocallis). Physiol. Plant. 86: 308-314
45. Li, M., T. Suzuki, K. Shimizu, T. Tanabata, K. Shibuya, K. Ichimura, T. Yamada and M. Kanekatsu. 2009. In29, leucinerich repeat transmembrane protein kinase-encoding gene, is involved in petal senescence in morning glory (Ipomoea nil). Breed. Res. 11 (Suppl. 2): 345 (In Japanese).
46. Lin, Z., S. Zhong and D. Grierson. 2009. Recent advances in ethylene research. J. Exp. Bot. 60: 3311-3336
47. Matile, P. and F. Winkenbach. 1971. Function of lysosomes and lysosomal enzymes in the senescing corolla of the morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea). J. Exp. Bot. 22: 759-771
48. Muller, R., C. A. Owen, Z. T. Xue, M. Welander and B. Stummann. 2003. The transcription factor EIN3 is constitutively expressed in miniature roses with differences in postharvest life. J. Hort. Sci. Biotech. 78: 10-14
49. Muller, R., B. M. Stummann and M. Serek. 2000. Characterization of an ethylene receptor family with differential expression in rose (Rosa hybrida L.) flowers. Plant Cell Rep. 19: 1232-1239
50. Nakatsuka, A., S. Murachi, H. Okunishi, S. Shiomi, R. Nakano, Y. Kubo and A. Inaba. 1998. Differential expression and internal feedback regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, and ethylene receptor genes in tomato fruit during development and ripening. Plant Physiol. 118: 1295-1305
51. Nam, H. G., P. O. Lim and H. J. Kim. 2007. Leaf senescence. Ann. Rev. Plant Biol. 58: 115-136
52. Narumi, T., Y. Kanno, M. Suzuki, S. Kishimoto, A. Ohmiya and S. Satoh. 2005. Cloning of a cDNA encoding an ethylene receptor (DG-ERS1) from chrysanthemum and comparison of its mRNA level in ethylene-sensitive and-insensitive cultivars. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 36: 21-30
53. Nichols, R. 1977. Sites of ethylene production in pollinated and unpollinated senescing carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) inflorescence. Planta 135: 155-159
54. Ohsumi, Y. 2001. Molecular dissection of autophagy: two ubiquitin-like systems. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2: 211-216
55. Ono, M., K. Sagae-Ono, M. Kawakami, M. Hasebe, K. Ueda, K. Masuda, M. Inoue and H. Kamada. 2000. Agrobacteriummediated transformation and regeneration of Pharbitis nil. Plant Biotechnol. 17: 211-216
56. Onozaki, T., H. Ikeda and M. Shibata. 2004. Video evaluation of ethylene sensitivity after anthesis in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers. Sci. Hortic. 99: 187-197
57. Panavas, T., A. Pikula, P. D. Reid, B. Rubinstein and E. L. Walker. 1999. Identification of senescence-associated genes from daylily petals. Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 237-248
58. Pennell, R. I. and C. Lamb. 1997. Programmed cell death in plants. Plant Cell 9: 1157-1168
59. Qiao, H., K. N. Chang, J. Yazaki and J. R. Ecker. 2009. Interplay between ethylene, ETP1/ETP2 F-box proteins, and degradation of EIN2 triggers ethylene responses in Arabidopsis. Genes Dev. 23: 512-521
60. Rogers, H. J. 2006. Programmed cell death in floral organs: how and why do flowers die? Ann. Bot. 97: 309-315
61. Roman, G., B. Lubarsky, J. J. Kieber, M. Rothenberg and J. R. Ecker. 1995. Genetic analysis of ethylene signal transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana: five novel mutant loci integrated into a stress response pathway. Genetics 139: 1393-1409
62. Ronen, M. and S. Mayak. 1981. Interrelationship between abscisicacid and ethylene in the control of senescence processes in carnation flowers. J. Exp. Bot. 32: 759-765
63. Sakai, H., J. Hua, Q. G. Chen, C. Chang, L. J. Medrano, A. B. Bleecker and E. M. Meyerowitz. 1998. ETR2 is an ETR1-like gene involved in ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 5812-5817
64. Sanikhani, M., H. Mibus, B. M. Stummann and M. Serek. 2008. Kalanchoe blossfeldiana plants expressing the Arabidopsis etr1-1 allele show reduced ethylene sensitivity. Plant Cell Rep. 27: 729-737
65. Satoh, S. 2011. Ethylene production and petal wilting during senescence of cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) flowers and prolonging their vase life by genetic transformation. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80: 127-135
66. Schaller, G. E. and A. B. Bleecker. 1995. Ethylene-binding sites generated in yeast expressing the Arabidopsis ETR1 gene. Science 270: 1809-1811
67. Schreiber, K., W. Ckurshumova, J. Peek and D. Desveaux. 2008. A high-throughput chemical screen for resistance to Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 54: 522-531
68. Serek, M., R. B. Jones and M. S. Reid. 1994. Role of ethylene in opening and senescence of Gladiolus sp flowers. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 119: 1014-1019
69. Shaw, J. F., H. H. Chen, M. F. Tsai, C. I. Kuo and L. C. Huang. 2002. Extended flower longevity of Petunia hybrida plants transformed with boers, a mutated ERS gene of Brassica oleracea. Mol. Breeding 9: 211-216
70. Shibuya, K. and D. G. Clark. 2006. Ethylene: current status and future directions of using transgenic techniques to improve flower longevity of ornamental crops. J. Crop Improv. 18: 391-412
71. Shibuya, K. and K. Ichimura. 2010. Depression of autocatalytic ethylene production by high-temperature treatment in carnation flowers. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 79: 97-102
72. Shibuya, K., K. G. Barry, J. A. Ciardi, H. M. Loucas, B. A. Underwood, S. Nourizadeh, J. R. Ecker, H. J. Klee and D. G. Clark. 2004. The central role of PhEIN2 in ethylene responses throughout plant development in petunia. Plant Physiol. 136: 2900-2912
73. Shibuya, K., S. Fukushima and H. Takatsuji. 2009a. RNA-directed DNA methylation induces transcriptional activation in plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 1660-1665
74. Shibuya, K., M. Nagata, N. Tanikawa, T. Yoshioka, T. Hashiba and S. Satoh. 2002. Comparison of mRNA levels of three ethylene receptors in senescing flowers of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). J. Exp. Bot. 53: 399-406
75. Shibuya, K., K. Shimizu, T. Yamada and K. Ichimura. 2011. Expression of autophagy-associated ATG8 genes during petal senescence in Japanese morning glory. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80: 89-95
76. Shibuya, K., T. Yamada and K. Ichimura. 2009b. Autophagy regulates progression of programmed cell death during petal senescence in Japanese morning glory. Autophagy 5: 546-547
77. Shibuya, K., T. Yamada, T. Suzuki, K. Shimizu and K. Ichimura. 2009c. InPSR26, a putative membrane protein, regulates programmed cell death during petal senescence in Japanese morning glory. Plant Physiol. 149: 816-824
78. Shibuya, K., T. Yoshioka, T. Hashiba and S. Satoh. 2000. Role of the gynoecium in natural senescence of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) flowers. J. Exp. Bot. 51: 2067-2073
79. Shimizu, K., M. Hashimoto, F. Hashimoto and Y. Sakata. 2003. Plant regeneration from suspension cultures in Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth.). J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 72: 409-414
80. Shinozaki, Y., T. Tanabata, I. Ogiwara, T. Yamada and M. Kanekatsu. 2011. Application of digital image analysis system for fine evaluation of varietal differences and the role of ethylene in visible petal senescence of morning glory. J. Plant Growth Regul. 30: 229-234
81. Smith, M. T., Y. Saks and J. van Staden. 1992. Ultrastructural changes in the petals of senescing flowers of Dianthus caryophyllus L. Ann. Bot. 69: 277-285
82. Solano, R., A. Stepanova, Q. Chao and J. R. Ecker. 1998. Nuclear events in ethylene signaling: a transcriptional cascade mediated by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1. Genes Dev. 12: 3703-3714
83. Sriskandarajah, S., H. Mibus and M. Serek. 2007. Transgenic Campanula carpatica plants with reduced ethylene sensitivity. Plant Cell Rep. 26: 805-813
84. Tanase, K. and K. Ichimura. 2006. Expression of ethylene receptors Dl-ERS1-3 and Dl-ERS2, and ethylene response during flower senescence in Delphinium. J. Plant Physiol. 163: 1159-1166
85. Tanase, K., R. Aida, H. Yamaguchi, N. Tanikawa, M. Nagata, T. Onozaki and K. Ichimura. 2011. Heterologous expression of a mutated carnation ethylene receptor gene, Dc-ETR1nr, suppresses petal abscission and autocatalytic ethylene production in transgenic Torenia fournieri Lind. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 80: 113-120
86. Tatsuki, M. 2010. Ethylene biosynthesis and perception in fruit. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 79: 315-326
87. ten Have, A. and E. J. Woltering. 1997. Ethylene biosynthetic genes are differentially expressed during carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L) flower senescence. Plant Mol. Biol. 34: 89-97
88. Thompson, A. R. and R. D. Vierstra. 2005. Autophagic recycling: lessons from yeast help define the process in plants. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 8: 165-173
89. Tieman, D. M., J. A. Ciardi, M. G. Taylor and H. J. Klee. 2001. Members of the tomato LeEIL (EIN3-like) gene family are functionally redundant and regulate ethylene responses throughout plant development. Plant J. 26: 47-58
90. van Doorn, W. G. 2001. Categories of petal senescence and abscission: a re-evaluation. Ann. Bot. 87: 447-456
91. van Doorn, W. G. 2002. Effect of ethylene on flower abscission: a survey. Ann. Bot. 89: 689-693
92. van Doorn, W. G. and E. J. Woltering. 2008. Physiology and molecular biology of petal senescence. J. Exp. Bot. 59: 453-480
93. van Doorn, W. G., P. A. Balk, A. M. van Houwelingen, F. A. Hoeberichts, R. D. Hall, O. Vorst, C. van der Schoot and M. F. van Wordragen. 2003. Gene expression during anthesis and senescence in Iris flowers. Plant Mol. Biol. 53: 845-863
94. Veen, H. and S. C. van de Geijn. 1978. Mobility and ionic form of silver as related to longevity of cut carnations. Planta 140: 93-96
95. Waki, K., K. Shibuya, T. Yoshioka, T. Hashiba and S. Satoh. 2001. Cloning of a cDNA encoding EIN3-like protein (DC-EIL1) and decrease in its mRNA level during senescence in carnation flower tissues. J. Exp. Bot. 52: 377-379
96. Wang, Y. and P. P. Kumar. 2007. Characterization of two ethylene receptors PhERS1 and PhETR2 from petunia: PhETR2 regulates timing of anther dehiscence. J. Exp. Bot. 58: 533-544
97. Wilkinson, J. Q., M. B. Lanahan, D. G. Clark, A. B. Bleecker, C. Chang, E. M. Meyerowitz and H. J. Klee. 1997. A dominant mutant receptor from Arabidopsis confers ethylene insensitivity in heterologous plants. Nat. Biotechnol. 15: 444-447
98. Woltering, E. J. and W. G. van Doorn. 1988. Role of ethylene in senescence of petals-morphological and taxonomical relationships. J. Exp. Bot. 39: 1605-1616
99. Yamada, T., K. Ichimura, M. Kanekatsu and W. G. van Doorn. 2007. Gene expression in opening and senescing petals of morning glory (Ipomoea nil) flowers. Plant Cell Rep. 26: 823-835
100. Yamada, T., K. Ichimura, M. Kanekatsu and W. G. van Doorn. 2009. Homologues of genes associated with programmed cell death in animal cells are differentially expressed during senescence of Ipomoea nil petals. Plant Cell Physiol.
101. Yamada, T., Y. Takatsu, M. Kasumi, K. Ichimura and W. G. van Doorn. 2006. Nuclear fragmentation and DNA degradation during programmed cell death in petals of morning glory (Ipomoea nil). Planta 224: 1279-1290
102. Yanagisawa, S., S. D. Yoo and J. Sheen. 2003. Differential regulation of EIN3 stability by glucose and ethylene signalling in plants. Nature 425: 521-525
103. Yangkhamman, P., K. Tanase, K. Ichimura and S. Fukai. 2007. Depression of enzyme activities and gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase in cut carnation flowers under high-temperature conditions. Plant Growth Regul. 53: 155-162
104. Zhou, L., L. Dong, P. Y. Jia, W. R. Wang and L. Y. Wang. 2010. Expression of ethylene receptor and transcription factor genes, and ethylene response during flower opening in tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa). Plant Growth Regul. 62: 171-179.