Walled without gates: Gated communities in Shanghai

Urban Geography

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 221-236

  Yip, Ngai ^a  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

enclave urbanism; gated communities; multi level model; neighborhood; Shanghai

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC REFORM; GATED COMMUNITY; NEIGHBORHOOD; RESIDENTIAL SATISFACTION; SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION; URBAN AREA;

CHINA; SHANGHAI;

EID: 84859788348     PISSN: 02723638     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2747/0272-3638.33.2.221     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Blakely, E. J. and Snyder, M. G. 1997, Fortress America : Gated Communities in the United States. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press.
2. Blandy, S. and Lister, D. 2005, Gated communities (ne)gating community development. Housing Studies, Vol. 20, 287-301. (Pubitemid 40473452)
3. Blandy, S., Lister, D., Atkinson, R., and Flint, J. 2003, Gated communities: A systematic review of the research evidence. Paper represented at the ESRC Centre for Neighborhood Research, Paper 12.
4. Bray, D. 2005, Social Space and Governance in Urban China. Standford, CA: Stanford University Press.
5. Buckner, J. C. 1988, The development of an instrument to measure neighborhood cohesion. American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 16, 771-791.
6. Campbell, K. E. and Lee, B. A. 1992, Sources of personal neighbor networks: Social integration, need, or time. Social Forces, Vol. 70, 1077-1100.
7. Carvalho, M., Varkki, R. V., and Anthony, K. H. 1997, Residential satisfaction in condominios exclusivos (gated guarded neighborhoods) in Brazil. Environment and Behavior, Vol. 29, 734-768.
8. Foldvary, F. E 1994, Public Goods and Private Communities: The Market Provision of Social Service. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.
9. Forrest, R. and Yip, N. M. 2007, Neighborhood and neighboring in a Chinese city: Aspects of local social relations in contemporary Guangzhou. Journal of Contemporary China, Vol. 16, 47-64.
10. Glasze, G. 2005, Some reflections on the economic and political organization of private neighborhoods. Housing Studies, Vol. 20, No.2, 221-233. (Pubitemid 40473448)
11. Guest, A. M. and Wierzbicki, S. K. 1999, Social ties at the neighborhood level: Two decades of GSS evidence. Urban Affairs Review, Vol. 35, 92-111. (Pubitemid 29492712)
12. Halper, E. 2006, Communities say keep out, by bluffing. Los Angeles Times, May 28, B1.
13. Hua, W. 2000, A return from the work-unit to the community system: Fifty years of urban local management system change in China. Strategy and Management, Vol. 1, 86-99.
14. Huang, Y. 2006, Collectivism, political control, and gating in Chinese cities. Urban Geography, Vol 27, 507-525. (Pubitemid 46190054)
15. Huang, Y., and Low, S. M. 2008, Is gating always exclusionary? In John R. Logan, editor, Urban China in Transition. Malden, MA and Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 182-202.
16. Jing, Z. and Zhang, J. 2006, Neighbourhood design and the organization of continuous public space. Journal of Architecture (Jianzu Xuebao), Vol. 4, 16-18 (in Chinese).
17. Lacour-Little, M. and Malpezzi, S. 2001, Gated Communities and Property Values. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Center for Urban Land Economic Research, Working Paper 01-12 [http://ideas.repec.org./p/wop/wisule/01-12.html], accessed May 18, 2009. <a target=-blank href='http://ideas.repec.org./p/ wop/wisule/01-12.html'>http://ideas.repec.org./p/wop/wisule/01-12. html</a>
18. Liu, Y. and Li, Z. G. 2010, A review of studies on gated communities since the 1990s: From international to domestic perspectives. Human Geography (Renwen Dali), Vol 113, 10-15 (in Chinese).
19. Low, S. 2004, Behind the Gates: Life, Security, and the Pursuit of Happiness in Fortress America. New York, NY: Routledge.
20. Low, S. 2006, How private interests take over public space: Zoning, taxes, and incorporation of gated communities. In S. Low and N. Smith, editors, The Politics of Public Space. New York, NY: Routledge, 81-104.
21. Marcuse, P. 1997, Walls of fear and walls of support. In N. Ellin, editor, Architecture of Fear. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Architectural Press, 101-114.
22. McKenzie, E. 2004, Constructing the Pomerium in Las Vegas: A case study of emerging trends in American gated communities. Housing Studies, Vol. 20, 187-203. (Pubitemid 40473446)
23. McMillan, D. W. and Chavis, D. M. 1986, Sense of community: A definition and theory. Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 14, 6-23.
24. Miao, P. 2003, Deserted streets in a jammed town: Gated communities in Chinese cities. Journal of Urban Design, Vol. 8, 45-66. (Pubitemid 36421245)
25. Pow, C. P. 2007a, Constructing a new private order: Gated communities and the privatization of urban life in post reform Shanghai. Social and Cultural Geography, Vol. 8, 813-831.
26. Pow, C. P. 2007b, Securing the civilized enclaves. Urban Studies, Vol. 44, 1539-1558.
27. Rabe-Hesketh, S. and Skrondal, A. 2008, Multilevel and Longitudinal Modeling Using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Press.
28. Read, B. L. 2009, Assessing variation in civil society organizations: China's homeowner associations in comparative perspective. Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 41, 1240-1265.
29. Shen, J. and Wu, F. 2012, The development of master-planned communities in Chinese suburbs: A case study of Shanghai's Thames Town. Urban Geography, Vol. 33, 183-203.
30. Song, W. and Zhu, X. 2009, China gated communities: The negative social effects of social differentiation. City Planner (Guihuashi), Vol. 11, 82-86 (in Chinese).
31. Webster, C. 2002, Property rights and the public realm: Gates, green belts, and Gemeinschaft. Environment and Planning B, Vol. 29, 397-412. (Pubitemid 34536531)
32. Webster, C., Glasze, G., and Frantz, K. 2002, The global spread of gated communities. Environment and Planning B, Vol. 29, 315-320.
33. Wilson-Doenges, G. 2000, An explanation of sense of community and fear of crime in gated communities. Environment and Behaviour, Vol. 32, 597-611.
34. Wu, F. 2005, Rediscovering the gate under market transition: From work-unit compounds to commodity housing enclaves. Housing Studies, Vol. 20, 235-254. (Pubitemid 40473449)
35. Wu, F. and He, S. 2005, Changes in traditional urban areas and impacts of urban redevelopment: A case study of three neighborhoods in Nanjing, China. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Vol. 96, 75-95. (Pubitemid 40318467)
36. Xu, D., Song, W., Zhu, X., and Wu, Q. 2009, Formation mechanism and sociospatial impacts of gated communities. City Problems (Shehui Wentei), Vol. 7, 2-6 (in Chinese).
37. Xu, M. and Yang, Z. 2008, Theoretical debate on gated communities: Genesis controversies and the way forward. Urban Design International, Vol. 13, 213-226.