Immunophenotypic analysis of myeloperoxidase-negative leukemia cutis and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

Volumn 137, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 367-376

  Cronin, Danielle M P ^a   George, Tracy I ^a   Reichard, Kaaren K ^c   Sundram, Uma N ^a,b  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm; CD123; CD33; CD4+ CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm; Immunohistochemistry; Leukemia cutis; Myeloperoxidase; NK cell lymphoma; Tcl 1

Indexed keywords

CD123 ANTIGEN; CD33 ANTIGEN; CD4 ANTIGEN; CD56 ANTIGEN; MYELOPEROXIDASE; ONCOPROTEIN; PEROXIDASE; TCL1A PROTEIN, HUMAN; TUMOR MARKER;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLASTIC PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELL NEOPLAM; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; GENETIC ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; MALE; MYELOID LEUKEMIA; MYELOID LEUKEMIA CUTIS; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SKIN CANCER; SKIN LEUKEMIA; STAINING; AGED; BONE MARROW CANCER; DENDRITIC CELL; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; ENZYMOLOGY; IMMUNOLOGY; INFANT; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; NEWBORN; PATHOLOGY; PLASMACYTOMA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SKIN TUMOR;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANTIGENS, CD4; ANTIGENS, CD56; BONE MARROW NEOPLASMS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DENDRITIC CELLS; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOPHENOTYPING; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; INTERLEUKIN-3 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT; LEUKEMIA, MYELOID; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASMS, PLASMA CELL; PEROXIDASE; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS; SKIN NEOPLASMS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84859251945     PISSN: 00029173     EISSN: 19437722     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1309/AJCP9IS9KFSVWKGH     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Chaperot L, Bendriss N, Manches O, et al.Identification of a leukemic counterpart of the plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood. 2001;97:3210-3217.
2. Petrella T, Comeau MR, Maynadie M, et al."Agranular CD4+ CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm" (blastic NK-cell lymphoma) originates from a population of CD56+ precursor cells related to plasmacytoid monocytes. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:852-862. (Pubitemid 34752173)
3. Facchetti F, Jones DM, Petrella T. Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. eds. WHO Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues . 4th ed. Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2008:145-147.
4. Urosevic M, Conrad C, Kamarashev J, et al.CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasms bear a plasmacytoid dendritic cell phenotype. Hum Pathol. 2005;36:1020-1024. (Pubitemid 41253390)
5. Petrella T, Facchetti F. Tumoral aspects of plasmacytoid dendritic cells: what do we know in 2009? Autoimmunity. 2010;43:210-214.
6. Petrella T, Bagot M, Willemze R, et al.Blastic NK-cell lymphomas (agranular CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasms): a review. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;123:662-675. (Pubitemid 40586484)
7. Petrella T, Dalac S, Maynadie M, et al., Groupe Francais d'Etude des Lymphomes Cutanes (GFELC). CD4+ CD56+ cutaneous neoplasms: a distinct hematological entity? Am J Surg Pathol. 1999;23:137-146.
8. Tsagarakis NJ, Kentrou NA, Papadimitriou KA, et al., Hellenic Dendritic Cell Leukemia Study Group. Acute lymphoplasmacytoid dendritic cell (DC2) leukemia: results from the Hellenic Dendritic Cell Leukemia Study Group. Leuk Res. 2010;34:438-446.
9. Dalle S, Beylot-Barry M, Bagot M, et al.Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: is transplantation the treatment of choice? Br J Dermatol. 2010;162:74-79.
10. Dietrich S, Andrulis M, Hegenbart U, et al.Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasia (BPDC) in elderly patients: results of a treatment algorithm employing allogeneic stem cell transplantation with moderation reduced conditioning intensity [published online ahead of print January 6, 2011]. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2011;17:1250-1254.doi:.
11. Feuillard J, Jacob MC, Valensi F, et al.Clinical and biologic features of CD4+CD56+ malignancies. Blood. 2002;99:1556-1563.
12. Vermi W, Facchetti F, Rosati S, et al.Nodal and extranodal tumor-forming accumulation of plasmacytoid monocytes/interferon-producing cells associated with myeloid disorders. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004;28:585-595.
13. Cronin DM, George TI, Sundram UN. An updated approach to the diagnosis of myeloid leukemia cutis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009;132:101-110.
14. Benet C, Gomez A, Aguilar C, et al.Histologic and immunohistologic characterization of skin localization of myeloid disorders: a study of 173 Cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135:278-290.
15. Seymour JF, Pierce SA, Kantarjian HM, et al.Investigation of karyotypic, morphologic and clinical features in patients with acute myeloid leukemia blast cells expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56). Leukemia. 1994;8:823-826. (Pubitemid 24161088)
16. Byrd JC, Edenfield WJ, Shields DJ, et al.Extramedullary myeloid cell tumors in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:1800-1816.
17. Weedon D. Cutaneous infiltrates: lymphomatous and leukemic. In: Skin Pathology 2nd ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2002:1118-1120.
18. Su WP, Buechner SA, Li CY. Clinicopathologic correlations in leukemia cutis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1984;11:121-128.
19. Chan JK, Sin VC, Wong KF, et al.Nonnasal lymphoma expressing the natural killer cell marker CD56: a clinicopathologic study of 49 cases of an uncommon aggressive neoplasm. Blood. 1997;89:4501-4513. (Pubitemid 27260260)
20. Buechner SA, Li CY, Su WP. Leukemia cutis: a histopathologic study of 42 cases. Am J Dermatopathol. 1985;7:109-119. (Pubitemid 17143335)
21. Roth MJ, Medeiros LJ, Elenitoba-Johnson K, et al.Extramedullary myeloid cell tumors: an immunohistochemical study of 29 cases using routinely fixed and processed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1995;119:790-798.
22. Ratnam KV, Su WP, Ziesmer SC, et al.Value of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of leukemia cutis: study of 54 cases using paraffin-section markers. J Cutan Pathol. 1992;19:193-200.
23. Kaddu S, Zenahlik P, Beham-Schmid C, et al.Specific cutaneous infiltrates in patients with myelogenous leukemia: a clinicopathologic study of 26 patients with assessment of diagnostic criteria. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;40:966-978. (Pubitemid 29268929)
24. Sepp N, Radaszkiewicz T, Meijer CJ, et al.Specific skin manifestations in acute leukemia with monocytic differentiation: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study of 11 cases. Cancer. 1993;71:124-132. (Pubitemid 23019291)
25. Davey FR, Elghetany MT, Kurec AS. Immunophenotyping of hematologic neoplasms in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Am J Clin Pathol. 1990;93(4 suppl 1):S17-S26. (Pubitemid 20108996)
26. Cibull TL, Thomas AB, O'Malley DP, et al.Myeloid leukemia cutis: a histologic and immunohistochemical review. J Cutan Pathol. 2008;35:180-185.
27. Reichard KK, Burks EJ, Foucar MK, et al.CD4+ CD56+ lineage-negative malignancies are rare tumors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Am J Surg Pathol. 2005;29:1274-1283.
28. Sundram U, Harvell JD, Rouse RV, et al.Expression of the B-cell proliferation marker MUM1 by melanocytic lesions and comparison with S100, gp100 (HMB45), and MelanA. Mod Pathol. 2003;16:802-810. (Pubitemid 37011076)
29. Garnache-Ottou F, Feuillard J, Saas P. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukaemia/lymphoma: towards a well defined entity? Br J Haematol. 2007;136:539-548. (Pubitemid 46148191)
30. Ascani S, Massone C, Ferrara G, et al.CD4-negative variant of CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm: description of three cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2008;35:911-915.
31. Argyrakos T, Rontogianni D, Karmiris T, et al.Blastic natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma: report of an unusual CD4 negative case and review of the CD4 negative neoplasms with blastic features in the literature. Leuk Lymphoma. 2004;45:2127-2133. (Pubitemid 39232864)
32. Cota C, Vale E, Viana I, et al.Cutaneous manifestations of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: morphologic and phenotypic variability in a series of 33 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010;34:75-87.
33. Ikushima S, Yoshihara T, Matsumura T, et al.Expression of CD56/NCAM on hematopoietic malignant cells: a useful marker for acute monocytic and megakaryocytic leukemias. Int J Hematol. 1991;54:395-403.
34. Scott AA, Head DR, Kopecky KJ, et al.HLA-DR-, CD33+, CD56+, CD16- myeloid/natural killer cell acute leukemia: a previously unrecognized form of acute leukemia potentially misdiagnosed as French-American-British acute myeloid leukemia-M3. Blood. 1994;84:244-255.
35. Tauchi T, Ohyashiki K, Ohyashiki JH, et al.CD4+ and CD56+ acute monoblastic leukemia. Am J Hematol. 1990;34:228-229.
36. Thomas X, Vila L, Campos L, et al.Expression of N-CAM (CD56) on acute leukemia cells: relationship with disease characteristics and outcome. Leuk Lymphoma. 1995;19:295-300.
37. Vidriales MB, Orfao A, Gonzalez M, et al.Expression of NK and lymphoid-associated antigens in blast cells of acute myeloblastic leukemia. Leukemia. 1993;7:2026-2029. (Pubitemid 24003223)
38. Petrella T, Meijer CJ, Dalac S, et al.TCL1 and CLA expression in agranular CD4/CD56 hematodermic neoplasms (blastic NK-cell lymphomas) and leukemia cutis. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004;122:307-313. (Pubitemid 38971364)
39. Herling M, Teitell MA, Shen RR, et al.TCL1 expression in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC2s) and the related CD4+ CD56+ blastic tumors of skin. Blood. 2003;101:5007-5009. (Pubitemid 36857765)
40. Gopcsa L, Banyai A, Jakab K, et al.Extensive flow cytometric characterization of plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukemia cells. Eur J Haematol. 2005;75:346-351. (Pubitemid 41297612)
41. Garnache-Ottou F, Chaperot L, Biichle S, et al.Expression of the myeloid-associated marker CD33 is not an exclusive factor for leukemic plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood. 2005;105:1256-1264. (Pubitemid 40170901)
42. Rakozy CK, Mohamed AN, Vo TD, et al.CD56+/CD4+ lymphomas and leukemias are morphologically, immunophenotypically, cytogenetically, and clinically diverse. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001;116:168-176. (Pubitemid 33044320)
43. Hoyer JD, Grogg KL, Hanson CA, et al.CD33 detection by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues: a new antibody shows excellent specificity and sensitivity for cells of myelomonocytic lineage. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008;129:316-323. (Pubitemid 352029323)
44. Johrens K, Happerfield LC, Brown JP, et al.A novel CD11c monoclonal antibody effective in formalin-fixed tissue for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. Pathobiology. 2008;75:252-256. (Pubitemid 351918430)
45. Marmey B, Boix C, Barbaroux JB, et al.CD14 and CD169 expression in human lymph nodes and spleen: specific expansion of CD14+CD169- monocytederived cells in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:68-77. (Pubitemid 41790505)
46. Qubaja M, Marmey B, Le Tourneau A, et al.The detection of CD14 and CD16 in paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsies is useful for the diagnosis of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Virchows Arch. 2009;454:411-419.
47. Kazakov DV, Mentzel T, Burg G, et al.Blastic natural killer-cell lymphoma of the skin associated with myelodysplastic syndrome or myelogenous leukaemia: a coincidence or more? Br J Dermatol. 2003;149:869-876. (Pubitemid 37412013)
48. Chen YC, Chou JM, Ketterling RP, et al.Histologic and immunohistochemical study of bone marrow monocytic nodules in 21 cases with myelodysplasia. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003;120:874-881. (Pubitemid 37486742)
49. Baddoura FK, Hanson C, Chan WC. Plasmacytoid monocyte proliferation associated with myeloproliferative disorders. Cancer. 1992;69:1457-1467.
50. Jegalian AG, Facchetti F, Jaffe ES. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: physiologic roles and pathologic states. Adv Anat Pathol. 2009;16:392-404.
51. Kaune KM, Baumgart M, Bertsch HP, et al.Solitary cutaneous nodule of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm progressing to overt leukemia cutis after chemotherapy: immunohistology and FISH analysis confirmed the diagnosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2009;31:695-701.
52. Marafioti T, Paterson JC, Ballabio E, et al.Novel markers of normal and neoplastic human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Blood. 2008;111:3778-3792.
53. Assaf C, Gellrich S, Whittaker S, et al.CD56-positive haematological neoplasms of the skin: a multicentre study of the Cutaneous Lymphoma Project Group of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer. J Clin Pathol. 2007;60:981-989. (Pubitemid 47441929)
54. Khoury JD, Medeiros LJ, Manning JT, et al.CD56+ TdT+ blastic natural killer cell tumor of the skin: a primitive systemic malignancy related to myelomonocytic leukemia. Cancer. 2002;94:2401-2408. (Pubitemid 34457121)
55. Jaye DL, Geigerman CM, Herling M, et al.Expression of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell marker BDCA-2 supports a spectrum of maturation among CD4+ CD56+ hematodermic neoplasms. Mod Pathol. 2006;19:1555-1562. (Pubitemid 44789923)
56. Dijkman R, van Doorn R, Szuhai K, et al.Gene-expression profiling and array-based CGH classify CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm and cutaneous myelomonocytic leukemia as distinct disease entities. Blood. 2007;109:1720-1727. (Pubitemid 46239607)
57. Facchetti F, Pileri SA, Agostinelli C, et al.Cytoplasmic nucleophosmin is not detected in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm. Haematologica. 2009;94:285-288.
58. Garnache-Ottou F, Feuillard J, Ferrand C, et al., GOELAMS and GEIL study. Extended diagnostic criteria for plasmacytoid dendritic cell leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2009;145:624-636.
59. Pilichowska ME, Fleming MD, Pinkus JL, et al.CD4+/CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm ("blastic natural killer cell lymphoma"): neoplastic cells express the immature dendritic cell marker BDCA-2 and produce interferon. Am J Clin Pathol. 2007;128:445-453. (Pubitemid 47479978)