Intermittent hypoxic episodes in preterm infants: Do they matter?

Neonatology

Volumn 100, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 303-310

  Martin, Richard J ^a   Wang, Katherine ^a   Köroǧlu, Özge ^a   Di Fiore, Juliann ^a   Kc, Prabha ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Extremely low birth weight infants; Intermittent hypoxic episodes; Pulse oximetry

Indexed keywords

XANTHINE;

APNEA; CARDIOPULMONARY INSUFFICIENCY; GROWTH RETARDATION; HUMAN; HYPOXIA; INTERMITTENT HYPOXIA; MORBIDITY; NERVE CELL DIFFERENTIATION; OXYGEN SATURATION; OXYGEN THERAPY; PERINATAL PERIOD; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; PREMATURITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REOXYGENATION; RETROLENTAL FIBROPLASIA; REVIEW; SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING; STRESS;

ANOXIA; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; INFANT, PREMATURE, DISEASES; INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; OXIMETRY; OXYGEN;

EID: 84859043650     PISSN: 16617800     EISSN: 16617819     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000329922     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Abu-Shaweesh JM, Martin RJ: Neonatal apnea: what's new? Pediatr Pulmonol 2008;43: 937-944.
2. Dimaguila MA, Di Fiore JM, Martin RJ, Miller MJ: Characteristics of hypoxemic episodes in very low birth weight infants on ventilatory support. J Pediatr 1997;130:577-583. (Pubitemid 27492649)
3. Esquer C, Claure N, D'Ugard C, Wada Y, Bancalari E: Role ofabdominal muscles activity on duration and severity of hypoxemia episodes in mechanically ventilated preterm infants. Neonatology 2007;92:182-186. (Pubitemid 47442995)
4. Pillekamp F, Hermann C, Keller T, et al: Factors influencing apnea and bradycardia of prematurity - implications for neurodevelopment. Neonatology 2007;91:155-161. (Pubitemid 46481039)
5. Sands SA, Edwards BA, Kelly VJ, Davidson MR, Wilkinson MH, Berger PJ: A model analysis of arterial oxygen desaturation during apnea in preterm infants. PLoS Comput Biol 2009;5:e1000588.
6. Ahmed SJ, Rich W, Finer NN: The effect of averaging time on oximetry values in the premature infant. Pediatrics 2010;125:e115-e121.
7. Di Fiore JM BJ, Orge F, Schutt A, Schluchter M, Cheruvu VK, Walsh M, Finer N, Martin RJ: A higher incidence of intermittent hypoxemic episodes is associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity. J Pediatr 2010;157:69-73.
8. Darnall RA: The role of CO 2 and central chemoreception in the control of breathing in the fetus and the neonate. Resp Physiol Neurobiol 2010;173:201-212.
9. Kallapur SG, Nitsos I, Moss TJ, et al: IL-1 mediates pulmonary and systemic inflammatory responses to chorioamnionitis induced by lipopolysaccharide. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2009;179:955-961.
10. Leviton A, Allred EN, Kuban KC, et al: Microbiologic and histologic characteristics of the extremely preterm infant's placenta predict white matter damage and later cerebral palsy. The ELGAN Study. Pediatr Res 2010;67:95-101.
11. Speer CP: Chorioamnionitis, postnatal factors and proinflammatory response in the pathogenetic sequence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Neonatology 2009:95:353-361.
12. Thomas W, Speer CP: Chorioamnionitis: important risk factor or innocent bystander for neonatal outcome? Neonatology 2011;99:177-187.
13. Ryan S, Taylor CT, McNicholas WT: Selective activation of inflammatory pathways by intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Circulation 2005;112:2660-2667. (Pubitemid 41532603)
14. Mehra R, Redline S: Sleep apnea: aproinflammatory disorder that coaggregates with obesity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;121:1096-1102. (Pubitemid 351626934)
15. Pialoux V, Hanly PJ, Foster GE, et al: Effects of exposure to intermittent hypoxia on oxidative stress and acute hypoxic ventilatory response in humans. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2009;180:1002-1009.
16. Nanduri J, Wang N, Yuan G, et al: Intermittent hypoxia degrades HIF-2alpha via calpains resulting in oxidative stress: implications for recurrent apnea-induced morbidities. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009;106:1199-1204.
17. Balan KV, Kc P, Hoxha Z, Mayer CA, Wilson CG, Martin RJ: Vagal afferents modulate cytokine- mediated respiratory control at the neonatal medulla oblongata. Resp Physiol Neuro Biol 2011, E-pub ahead of print.
18. Ladino JBE, Suguihara C: Ventilatory response to hypoxia during endotoxemia in young rats: role of nitric oxide. Pediatr Res 2007;62:134-138.
19. Olsson A, Kayhan G, Lagercrantz H, Herlenius E: IL-1 beta depresses respiration and anoxic survival via a prostaglandin-dependent pathway in neonatal rats. Pediatr Res 2003;54:326-331. (Pubitemid 37013193)
20. Gozal D, Daniel JM, Dohanich GP: Behavioral and anatomical correlates of chronic episodic hypoxia during sleep in the rat. J Neurosci 2001;21:2442-2450. (Pubitemid 32240541)
21. Decker MJ, Hue GE, Caudle WM, et al: Episodic neonatal hypoxia evokes executive dysfunction and regionally specific alterations in markers of dopamine signaling. Neuroscience 2003;117:417-425. (Pubitemid 36259756)
22. Chen J, Smith LE: Retinopathy of prematurity. Angiogenesis 2007;10:133-140.
23. York JR, Landers S, Kirby RS, Arbogast PG, Penn JS: Arterial oxygen fluctuation and retinopathy of prematurity in very-low-birthweight infants. J Perinatol 2004;24:82-87. (Pubitemid 38401172)
24. Urschitz MS, Eitner S, Guenther A, et al: Habitual snoring, intermittent hypoxia, and impaired behavior in primary school children. Pediatrics 2004;114:1041-1048. (Pubitemid 41529771)
25. Gottlieb DJ, Chase C, Vezina RM, et al: Sleep-disordered breathing symptoms are associated with poorer cognitive function in 5-year-old children. J Pediatr 2004;145:458-464. (Pubitemid 39345980)
26. Rosen CL, Larkin EK, Kirchner HL, et al: Prevalence and risk factors for sleep-disordered breathing in 8- to 11-year-old children: association with race and prematurity. J Pediatr 2003;142:383-389. (Pubitemid 36521224)
27. Paavonen EJ, Strang-Karlsson S, Raikkonen K, et al: Very low birth weight increases risk for sleep-disordered breathing in young adulthood: the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults. Pediatrics 2007;120:778-784. (Pubitemid 47549566)
28. Hibbs AM, Johnson NL, Rosen CL, et al: Prenatal and neonatal risk factors for sleep disordered breathing in school-aged children born preterm. J Pediatr 2008;153:176-182.
29. Reeves SR, Mitchell GS, Gozal D: Early postnatal chronic intermittent hypoxia modifies hypoxic respiratory responses and long-term phrenic facilitation in adult rats. Am J Physiol 2006;290:R1664-R1671. (Pubitemid 43830833)
30. Julien C, Bairam A, Joseph V: Chronic intermittent hypoxia reduces ventilatory longterm facilitation and enhances apnea frequency in newborn rats. Am J Physiol 2008;294:R1356-R1366. (Pubitemid 351490658)
31. Pawar A, Peng YJ, Jacono FJ, Prabhakar NR: Comparative analysis of neonatal and adult rat carotid body responses to chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Appl Physiol 2008;104:1287-1294.
32. Nock ML, Di Fiore JM, Arko MK, Martin RJ: Relationship of the ventilatory response to hypoxia with neonatal apnea in preterm infants. J Pediatr 2004;144:291-295. (Pubitemid 38333883)
33. Cardot V, Chardon K, Tourneux P, et al: Ventilatory response to a hyperoxic test is related to the frequency of short apneic episodes in late preterm neonates. Pediatr Res 2007;62:591-596. (Pubitemid 351338996)
34. Barker DJ, Osmond C, Golding J, Kuh D, Wadsworth ME: Growth inutero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. BMJ 1989;298:564-567. (Pubitemid 19072097)
35. Souvannakitti D, Kumar GK, Fox A, Prabhakar NR: Neonatal intermittent hypoxia leads to long-lasting facilitation of acute hypoxia-evoked catecholamine secretion from rat chromaffin cells. J Neurophysiol 2009;101:2837-2846.
36. Soukhova-O'Hare GK, Cheng ZJ, Roberts AM, Gozal D: Postnatal intermittent hypoxia alters baroreflex function in adult rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006;290:H1157-H1164.
37. Farahani R, Kanaan A, Gavrialov O, et al: Differential effects of chronic intermittent and chronic constant hypoxia on postnatal growth and development. Pediatr Pulmonol 2008;43:20-28.
38. Cohen G, Lagercrantz H, Katz-Salamon M: Abnormal circulatory stress responses of preterm graduates. Pediatr Res 2007;61:329-334.
39. Pozo M, Köroǧlu ÖA, Litvin DG, Cave AT, Martin RJ, Di Fiore J, Kc P: Postnatal repetitive intermittent hypoxic exposure induces long term alteration in cardiovascular regulation. EPAS 2011:2920.283.
40. Janvier A, Khairy M, Kokkotis A, et al: Apnea is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in very low birth weight infants. J Perinatol 2004;24:763-768. (Pubitemid 39618583)
41. Ratner V, Kishkurno SV, Slinko SK, et al: The contribution of intermittent hypoxemia to late neurological handicap in mice with hyperoxia- induced lung injury. Neonatology 2007;92:50-58. (Pubitemid 47013397)
42. McEvoy C, Durand M, Hewlett V: Episodes of spontaneous desaturations in infants with chronic lung disease at two different levels of oxygenation. Pediatr Pulmonol 1993;15:140-144.
43. Carlo WA, Finer NN, Walsh MC, et al: Target ranges of oxygen saturation in extremely preterm infants. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1959-1969.
44. Stenson B, Brocklehurst P, Tarnow-Mordi W: Increased 36-week survival with high oxygen saturation target in extremely preterm infants. N Engl J Med 2011;364:1680-1682.
45. Di Fiore J, et al: Low oxygen saturation target range is associated with increased incidence of intermittent hypoxemia. EPAS 2011:3305.7.
46. The STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group. Supplemental therapeutic oxygen for prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (STOP-ROP), a randomized, controlled trial. I: Primary outcomes. Pediatrics 2000;105:295-310.
47. Claure N, Bancalari E, D'Ugard C, et al: Multicenter crossover study of automated control of inspired oxygen in ventilated preterm infants. Pediatrics 2011;127:e76-e83.
48. Herlenius E, Aden U, Tang LQ, Lagercrantz H: Perinatal respiratory control and its modulation by adenosine and caffeine in the rat. Pediatr Res 2002;51: 4-12. (Pubitemid 34008203)
49. Mayer CA, Haxhiu MA, Martin RJ, Wilson CG: Adenosine A2A receptors mediate GABAergic inhibition of respiration in immature rats. J Appl Physiol 2006;100:91-97. (Pubitemid 43671094)
50. Davis PG, Schmidt B, Roberts RS, et al: Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial: benefits may vary in subgroups. J Pediatr 2010;156:382-387.
51. Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Davis P, et al: Long-term effects of caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1893-1902. (Pubitemid 350074685)
52. Bucher HU, Duc G: Does caffeine prevent hypoxaemic episodes in premature infants? A randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pediatr 1988;147:288-291.
53. Chavez-Valdez R, Wills-Karp M, Ahlawat R, et al: Caffeine modulates TNF-alpha production by cord blood monocytes: the role of adenosine receptors. Pediatr Res 2009;65:203-208.
54. HaskóG, Cronstein BN: Adenosine: an endogenous regulator of innate immunity. Trends Immunol 2004;25: 33-39. (Pubitemid 38032805)
55. Clark JM, Lambertsen CJ, Gelfand R, Troxel ALBL: Optimization of oxygen tolerance extension in rats by intermittent exposure. J Appl Physiol 2006;100: 869-879. (Pubitemid 43671543)
56. Adle-Biassette H, Bouslama M, Matrot B, Favrais G, Gallego J, Gressens P: Moderate intermittent hypoxia protects neurodevelopment in newborn mice. EPAS 2011:4534.510.
57. Martin RJ, Wilson CG: What todo about apnea of prematurity? J Appl Physiol 2009;107:1015-1016.