Lower acetylcholinesterase activity among children living with flower plantation workers

Environmental Research

Volumn 114, Issue , 2012, Pages 53-59

  Suarez Lopez, Jose R ^a,b   Jacobs, David R ^a,c   Himes, John H ^a   Alexander, Bruce H ^a   Lazovich, DeAnn ^a   Gunnar, Megan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b Fundación Zoológica del Ecuador   (Ecuador)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Acetylcholinesterase; AChE; Children; Organophosphate; Pesticide

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CARBAMATE INSECTICIDE; HEMOGLOBIN; ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDE;

CHILD HEALTH; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FLOWER; HORTICULTURE; HOUSEHOLD SURVEY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PESTICIDE; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; RURAL AREA;

AGE; AGRICULTURAL WORKER; ARTICLE; BODY HEIGHT; CHILD; COITUS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FEMALE; FLOWER; GENDER; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; INCOME; MALE; MEAN RESIDENCE TIME; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD;

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CARBAMATES; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ECUADOR; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; FLOWERS; HUMANS; INSECTICIDES; MALE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; ODDS RATIO; PHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS; TIME FACTORS;

ECUADOR;

EID: 84859001830     PISSN: 00139351     EISSN: 10960953     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2012.01.007     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Aaron C.K. Organophosphates and carbamates. Haddad and Winchester's Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose 2007, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia. S.M. Haddad, L.M. Borron, S.W. Burns, MJ (Eds.).
2. Abou-Donia M.B. Organophosphorus ester-induced chronic neurotoxicity. Arch. Environ. Health. 2003, 58:484-497.
3. Barr D.B., Needham L.L. Analytical methods for biological monitoring of exposure to pesticides: A review. J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci 2002, 778:5-29.
4. Castelnuovo C., et al. Ecuador Trabajo Infantil en la Floricultura: Una Evaluación Rápida 2000, Vol. 2011. International Labor Organization/IPEC, Geneva.
5. Cohen Hubal E.A., et al. Children's exposure assessment: A review of factors influencing Children's exposure, and the data available to characterize and assess that exposure. Environ Health Perspect 2000, 108:475-486.
6. Coronado G.D., et al. Organophosphate pesticide exposure and work in pome fruit: Evidence for the take-home pesticide pathway. Environ. Health Perspect. 2006, 114:999-1006.
7. Curl C.L., et al. Evaluation of take-home organophosphorus pesticide exposure among agricultural workers and their children. Environ. Health Perspect 2002, 110:787-792.
8. Curwin B.D., et al. Pesticide contamination inside farm and nonfarm homes. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg 2005, 2:357-367.
9. Curwin B.D., et al. Urinary pesticide concentrations among children, mothers and fathers living in farm and non-farm households in iowa. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene 2007, 51:53-65.
10. EQM Research, Test-mate ChE Cholinesterase Test System (Model 400). Instruction Manual. EQM Research, Cincinnati, 2003.
11. Eskenazi B., et al. Organophosphate pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment in young Mexican-American children. Environ. Health Perspect 2007, 115:792-798.
12. Faustman E.M., et al. Mechanisms underlying children's susceptibility to environmental toxicants. Environ Health Perspect 2000, 108(Suppl 1):13-21.
13. Fenske R.A., et al. Biologically based pesticide dose estimates for children in an agricultural community. Environ. Health Perspect 2000, 108:515-520.
14. Fenske R.A., et al. Children's exposure to chlorpyrifos and parathion in an agricultural community in central Washington State. Environ. Health Perspect 2002, 110:549-553.
15. Gladen B.C., et al. Exposure opportunities of families of farmer pesticide applicators. Am. J. Ind. Med 1998, 34:581-587.
16. Gobierno-Municipal-del-Canton-Pedro-Moncayo, 2011. El Cantón. Available: [accessed 16 May 2011]. http://www.pedromoncayo.gov.ec.
17. González-Andrade F., et al. Acute pesticide poisoning in Ecuador: A short epidemiological report. J. Public Health 2010, 18:6.
18. Grandjean P., et al. Pesticide exposure and stunting as independent predictors of neurobehavioral deficits in Ecuadorian school children. Pediatrics 2006, 117:546-556.
19. Guyton A.C., Hall J.E. Textbook of Medical Physiology 2006, Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia.
20. Harari R. Seguridad, Salud y Ambiente en la Floricultura 2004, IFA, PROMSA, Quito.
21. Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, 2011. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2001. Available: [accessed 16 May 2011]. http://157.100.121.12/cgibin/RpWebEngine.exe/PortalAction?&MODE=MAIN&BASE=CPV2001&MAIN=WebServerMain.inl.
22. Kwong T.C. Organophosphate pesticides: Biochemistry and clinical toxicology. Ther. Drug Monit. 2002, 24:144-149.
23. Lambert W.E., et al. Variation in organophosphate pesticide metabolites in urine of children living in agricultural communities. Environ. Health Perspect 2005, 113:504-508.
24. Laughlin J. Decontaminating pesticide protective clothing. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol 1993, 130:79-94.
25. Lotti M. The pathogenesis of organophosphate polyneuropathy. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1991, 21:465-487.
26. Lu C., et al. Pesticide exposure of children in an agricultural community: Evidence of household proximity to farmland and take home exposure pathways. Environ. Res 2000, 84:290-302.
27. Marks A.R., et al. Organophosphate pesticide exposure and attention in young Mexican-American children: The CHAMACOS study. Environ. Health Perspect 2010, 118:1768-1774.
28. Mason H.J. The recovery of plasma cholinesterase and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in workers after over-exposure to dichlorvos. Occup. Med. (London) 2000, 50:343-347.
29. McCauley L.A., et al. Work characteristics and pesticide exposures among migrant agricultural families: A community-based research approach. Environ. Health Perspect 2001, 109:533-538.
30. Paz-y-Mino C., et al. Cytogenetic monitoring in a population occupationally exposed to pesticides in Ecuador. Environ. Health Perspect 2002, 110:1077-1080.
31. Rauh V., et al. Seven-year neurodevelopmental scores and prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos, a common agricultural pesticide. Environ. Health Perspect. 2011, 119:1196-1201.
32. Rohlman D.S., et al. Neurobehavioral performance in preschool children from agricultural and non-agricultural communities in Oregon and North Carolina. Neurotoxicology 2005, 26:589-598.
33. Simcox N.J., et al. Pesticides in household dust and soil: Exposure pathways for children of agricultural families. Environ Health Perspect 1995, 103:1126-1134.
34. World Health Organization, WHO child growth standards: length/height-for-age, weight-for-age, weight-for-length, weight-for-height and body mass index-for-age: Methods and development. World Health Organization, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, Geneva.
35. World Health Organization Training Course on Child Growth Assessment 2008, WHO, Geneva.