Commentary on Landry et al.: "Propentofylline, a CNS glial modulator, does not decrease pain in post-herpetic neuralgia patients: In vitro evidence for differential responses in human and rodent microglia and macrophages"

Experimental Neurology

Volumn 234, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 351-353

  Watkins, Linda R ^a   Hutchinson, Mark R ^b   Johnson, Kirk W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

^c MediciNova Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

METHYLXANTHINE; PROPENTOFYLLINE;

BRAIN CORTEX; CELL ACTIVATION; CELL CULTURE; CELL HETEROGENEITY; CELL ISOLATION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL SURVIVAL; CLINICAL STUDY; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TREATMENT FAILURE; GLIA CELL; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; NOTE; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT DURATION;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; MACROPHAGES; MICROGLIA; NEURALGIA, POSTHERPETIC; XANTHINES;

EID: 84858156759     PISSN: 00144886     EISSN: 10902430     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.01.006     Document Type: Note

References (25)

1. Carson M.J., Crane J., Xie A.X. Modeling CNS microglia: the quest to identify predictive models. Drug Discov. Today Dis. Model. 2008, 5:19-25.
2. Chan W.Y., Kohsaka S., Rezaie P. The origin and cell lineage of microglia: new concepts. Brain Res. Rev. 2007, 53:344-354. 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.11.002.
3. Dalmau I., Vela J.M., Gonzalez B., Finsen B., Castellano B. Dynamics of microglia in the developing rat brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 2003, 458:144-157. 10.1002/cne.10572.
4. Dworkin R.H., Turk D.C., Basch E., Berger A., Cleeland C., Farrar J.T., Woolf C.J. Considerations for extrapolating evidence of acute and chronic pain analgesic efficacy. Pain 2011, 152:1705-1708. 10.1016/j.pain.2011.02.026.
5. Haghgoo S., Hasegawa T., Nadai M., Wang L., Ishigaki T., Miyamoto K., Nabeshima T. Brain distribution characteristics of xanthine derivatives and relation to their locomotor activity in mice. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 1995, 47:412-419.
6. Hanisch U.K., Kettenmann H. Microglia: active sensor and versatile effector cells in the normal and pathologic brain. Nat. Neurosci. 2007, 10:1387-1394. 10.1038/nn1997.
7. Imamura K., Ito M., Suzumura A., Asai J., Takahashi A. Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against rat microglia and ontogenic distribution of positive cells. Lab. Invest. 1990, 63:853-861.
8. Jiang-Shieh Y.F., Wu C.H., Chang M.L., Shieh J.Y., Wen C.Y. Regional heterogeneity in immunoreactive macrophages/microglia in the rat pineal gland. J. Pineal Res. 2003, 35:45-53.
9. Katz J., Finnerup N.B., Dworkin R.H. Clinical trial outcome in neuropathic pain: relationship to study characteristics. Neurology 2008, 70:263-272. 10.1212/01.WNL.0000275528.01263.6c.
10. Koka P., He K., Zack J.A., Kitchen S., Peacock W., Fried I., Merrill J.E. Human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope proteins induce interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide in glial cultures derived from fetal, neonatal, and adult human brain. J. Exp. Med. 1995, 182:941-951.
11. Lambert C., Desbarats J., Arbour N., Hall J.A., Olivier A., Bar-Or A., Antel J.P. Dendritic cell differentiation signals induce anti-inflammatory properties in human adult microglia. J. Immunol. 2008, 181:8288-8297.
12. Lambert C., Ase A.R., Seguela P., Antel J.P. Distinct migratory and cytokine responses of human microglia and macrophages to ATP. Brain Behav. Immun. 2010, 24:1241-1248. 10.1016/j.bbi.2010.02.010.
13. Lawrence T., Natoli G. Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: enabling diversity with identity. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2011, 11:750-761. 10.1038/nri3088.
14. Lawson L.J., Perry V.H., Dri P., Gordon S. Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain. Neuroscience 1990, 39:151-170.
15. Lei M.G., Chen T.Y., Morrison D.C. Lipopolysaccharide/lipid A receptors on lymphocytes and macrophages. Int. Rev. Immunol. 1990, 6:223-235.
16. Ling E.A., Wong W.C. The origin and nature of ramified and amoeboid microglia: a historical review and current concepts. Glia 1993, 7:9-18. 10.1002/glia.440070105.
17. Maier S.F., Watkins L.R. Cytokines for psychologists: implications of bidirectional immune-to-brain communication for understanding behavior, mood, and cognition. Psychol. Rev. 1998, 105:83-107.
18. Mielke R., Moller H.J., Erkinjuntti T., Rosenkranz B., Rother M., Kittner B. Propentofylline in the treatment of vascular dementia and Alzheimer-type dementia: overview of phase I and phase II clinical trials. Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord. 1998, 12(Suppl 2):S29-S35.
19. Morgan T.E., Xie Z., Goldsmith S., Yoshida T., Lanzrein A.S., Stone D., Finch C.E. The mosaic of brain glial hyperactivity during normal ageing and its attenuation by food restriction. Neuroscience 1999, 89:687-699.
20. Raghavendra V., Tanga F., DeLeo J.A. Inhibition of microglial activation attenuates the development but not existing hypersensitivity in a rat model of neuropathy. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2003, 306:624-630. 10.1124/jpet.103.052407.
21. Rezaie P., Trillo-Pazos G., Greenwood J., Everall I.P., Male D.K. Motility and ramification of human fetal microglia in culture: an investigation using time-lapse video microscopy and image analysis. Exp. Cell Res. 2002, 274:68-82. 10.1006/excr.2001.5431.
22. Rodriguez M.J., Martinez-Sanchez M., Bernal F., Mahy N. Heterogeneity between hippocampal and septal astroglia as a contributing factor to differential in vivo AMPA excitotoxicity. J. Neurosci. Res. 2004, 77:344-353. 10.1002/jnr.20177.
23. Smith R.V., Waller E.S., Doluisio J.T., Bauza M.T., Puri S.K., Ho I., Lassman H.B. Pharmacokinetics of orally administered pentoxifylline in humans. J. Pharm. Sci. 1986, 75:47-52.
24. Sweitzer S., Deleo J.A. Propentofylline: glial modulation, neuroprotection, and alleviation of chronic pain. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 2011, 200:235-250.
25. Tawfik V.L., Nutile-McMenemy N., Lacroix-Fralish M.L., Deleo J.A. Efficacy of propentofylline, a glial modulating agent, on existing mechanical allodynia following peripheral nerve injury. Brain Behav. Immun. 2007, 21:238-246. 10.1016/j.bbi.2006.07.001.