Deep water circulation and composition in the Arctic Ocean by dissolved barium, aluminium and silicate

Marine Chemistry

Volumn 132-133, Issue , 2012, Pages 56-67

  Roeske, T ^a   Loeff, Rutgers vd M ^a   Middag, R ^b,c   Bakker, K ^b  

^a ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (Royal NIOZ)   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Arctic Ocean; Barium; GEOTRACES; Hydrography; Regeneration

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; BARIUM; DEEP WATER; DIFFUSION; DISSOLUTION; DISSOLVED MATTER; FLOW PATTERN; INTERMEDIATE DISTURBANCE HYPOTHESIS; MARINE SEDIMENT; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; REGRESSION; SEDIMENT POLLUTION; SILICATE;

ARCTIC OCEAN;

EID: 84857934177     PISSN: 03044203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2012.02.001     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Aagaard K., Carmack E.C. The Role of Sea Ice and Other Fresh-Water in the Arctic Circulation. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 1989, 94(C10):14485-14498. 10.1029/JC094iC10p14485.
2. Aagaard K., Coachman L.K., Carmack E. On the Halocline of the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 1981, 28(6):529-545. 10.1016/0198-0149(81)90115-1.
3. Abrahamsen E.P., Meredith M.P., Falkner K.K., Torres-Valdes S., Leng M.J., Alkire M.B., Bacon S., Laxon S.W., Polyakov I., Ivanov V. Tracer-derived freshwater composition of the Siberian continental shelf and slope following the extreme Arctic summer of 2007. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, 36. 5pp. 10.1029/2009gl037341.
4. Anderson L.G., Björk G., Holby O., Jones E.P., Kattner G., Koltermann K.P., Liljeblad B., Lindegren R., Rudels B., Swift J. Water Masses and Circulation in the Eurasian Basin - Results From the Oden 91 Expedition. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 1994, 99(C2):3273-3283.
5. Arrigo K.R., van Dijken G., Pabi S. Impact of a shrinking Arctic ice cover on marine primary production. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2008, 35(L19603). 6pp. 10.1029/2008GL035028.
6. 18O. Prog. Oceanogr. 1995, 35(1):53-80. 10.1016/0079-6611(95)00005-2.
7. Broecker W.S. "NO", a Conservative Water-Mass Tracer. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1974, 23(1):100-107. 10.1016/0012-821X(74)90036-3.
8. 238U disequilibrium. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 2010, 10.1029/2009JC005595.
9. Chan L.H., Drummond D., Edmond J.M., Grant B. On the barium data from the Atlantic GEOSECS expedition. Deep-Sea Res. 1977, 24(7):613-649. 10.1016/0146-6291(77)90505-7.
10. Collier R., Edmond J. The trace element geochemistry of marine biogenic particulate matter. Prog. Oceanogr. 1984, 13(2):113-199. 10.1016/0079-6611(84)90008-9.
11. De Baar H.J.W., Timmermans K.R., Laan P., De Porto H.H., Ober S., Blom J.J., Bakker M.C., Schilling J., Sarthou G., Smit M.G., Klunder M. Titan: A new facility for ultraclean sampling of trace elements and isotopes in the deep oceans in the international Geotraces program. Mar. Chem. 2008, 111(1-2):4-21. 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.07.009.
12. Dehairs F., Chesselet R., Jedwab J. Discrete suspended particles of barite and the barium cycle in the open ocean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1980, 49(2):528-550. 10.1016/0012-821X(80)90094-1.
13. Dickson R., Rudels B., Dye S., Karcher M., Meincke J., Yashayaev I. Current estimates of freshwater flux through Arctic and subarctic seas. Prog. Oceanogr. 2007, 73(3-4):210-230. 10.1016/j.pocean.2006.12.003.
14. Falkner K.K., Klinkhammer G.P., Bowers T.S., Todd J.F., Lewis B.L., Landing W.M., Edmond J.M. The behavior of barium in anoxic marine waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1993, 57(3):537-554. 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90366-5.
15. Falkner K.K., Macdonald R.W., Carmack E.C., Weingartner T. Barium in seawater and sediments from the Artic Ocean 1994, http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.734072, latest access on March 30, 2011.
16. Falkner K.K., MacDonald R.W., Carmack E.C., Weingartner T. The potential of barium as a tracer of Arctic water masses. The Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment: The Nansen Centennial Volume, AGU Geophysics Monograph Series 1994, 63-76. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC. O.M. Johannessen, R.D. Muench, J.E. Overland (Eds.).
17. Fisher N.S., Guillard R.R.L., Bankston D.C. The Accumulation of Barium by Marine-Phytoplankton Grown in Culture. J. Mar. Res. 1991, 49(2):339-354. 10.1357/002224091784995882.
18. Freydier R., Dupré B., Polve M. Analyses by Inductively-Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry of Ba Concentrations in Water and Rock Samples - Comparison between Isotope-Dilution and External Calibration with or without Internal Standard. Eur. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 1(3):283-291.
19. Ganeshram R.S., François R., Commeau J., Brown-Leger S.L. An experimental investigation of barite formation in seawater. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2003, 67(14):2599-2605. 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00164-9.
20. Grasshoff K., Erhardt M., Kremling K. Methods of seawater analysis 1983, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, Germany, 419pp.
21. Guay C.K., Falkner K.K. A survey of dissolved barium in the estuaries of major Arctic rivers and adjacent seas. Cont. Shelf Res. 1998, 18(8):859-882. 10.1016/S0278-4343(98)00023-5.
22. Guay C.K., Falkner K.K. Barium as a tracer of Arctic halocline and river waters. Deep-Sea Res. II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 1998, 44(8):1543-1569. 10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00066-0.
23. Guay C.K.H., McLaughlin F.A., Yamamoto-Kawai M. Differentiating fluvial components of upper Canada Basin waters on the basis of measurements of dissolved barium combined with other physical and chemical tracers. J. Geophys. Res. 2009, 114(C00A09). 16pp. 10.1029/2008JC005099.
24. Jeandel C., Dupré B., Lebaron G., Monnin C., Minster J.F. Longitudinal distributions of dissolved barium, silica and alkalinity in the western and southern Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 1996, 43(1):1-31. 10.1016/0967-0637(95)00098-4.
25. Jones E.P. Circulation in the Arctic Ocean. Polar Res. 2001, 20(2):139-146.
26. Jones E.P., Anderson L.G. On the Origin of the Chemical Properties of the Arctic Ocean Halocline. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 1986, 91(C9):10759-10767. 10.1029/JC091iC09p10759.
27. Jones E.P., Anderson L.G., Jutterstrom S., Mintrop L., Swift J.H. Pacific freshwater, river water and sea ice meltwater across Arctic Ocean basins: Results from the 2005 Beringia Expedition. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 2008, 113(C08012). 10 pp. 10.1029/2007jc004124.
28. Jones E.P., Anderson L.G., Wallace D.W.R. Tracers of near-surface, halocline and deep waters in the Arctic ocean: Implications for circulation. J. Mar. Syst. 1991, 2(1-2):241-255. 10.1016/0924-7963(91)90027-R.
29. Jones E.P., Rudels B., Anderson L.G. Deep waters of the Arctic Ocean: origins and circulation. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 1995, 42(5):737-760. 10.1016/0967-0637(95)00013-V.
30. Kinney M.E.A., Burrell C.C. Chemical characteristics of water masses in the Amerasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 1970, 75(21):137-158. 10.1029/JC075i021p04097.
31. Klinkhammer G.P., Chan L.H. Determination of barium in marine waters by isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 1990, 232:323-329. 10.1016/S0003-2670(00)81249-0.
32. Martin J.H., Knauer G.A. The elemental composition of plankton. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1973, 37(7):1639-1653. 10.1016/0016-7037(73)90154-3.
33. Middag R., de Baar H.J.W., Laan P., Bakker K. Dissolved aluminium and the silicon cycle in the Arctic Ocean. Mar. Chem. 2009, 115(3-4):176-195. 10.1016/j.marchem.2009.08.002.
34. Moore R.M., Lowings M.G., Tan F.C. Geochemical Profiles in the Central Arctic Ocean: Their Relation to Freezing and Shallow Circulation. J. Geophys. Res. 1983, 88(C4):2667-2674. 10.1029/JC088iC04p02667.
35. 226Ra and barium in the Pacific Ocean: The importance of boundary processes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1991, 107(1):55-68. 10.1016/0012-821X(91)90043-H.
36. Moore W.S., Shaw T.J. Fluxes and behavior of radium isotopes, barium, and uranium in seven Southeastern US rivers and estuaries. Mar. Chem. 2008, 108(3-4):236-254. 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.03.004.
37. Moran S.B., Moore R.M. The Potential Source of Dissolved Aluminium From Resuspended Sediments to the North Atlantic Deep Water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1991, 55(10):2745-2751. 10.1016/0016-7037(91)90441-7.
38. Morison J., Steele M., Andersen R. Hydrography of the upper Arctic Ocean measured from the nuclear submarine USS Pargo. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 1998, 45(1):15-38. 10.1016/S0967-0637(97)00025-3.
39. Östlund H.G., Possnert G., Swift J.H. Ventilation Rate of the Deep Arctic Ocean From Carbon 14 Data. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 1987, 92(C4):3769-3777. 10.1029/JC092iC04p03769.
40. Rabe B., Karcher M., Schauer U., Toole J.M., Krishfield R.A., Pisarev S., Kauker F., Gerdes R., Kikuchi T. An assessment of Arctic Ocean freshwater content changes from the 1990s to the 2006-2008 period. Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 2011, 58:173-185. 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.12.002.
41. Resing J.A., Measures C.I. Fluorometric-Determination of Al in Seawater by Flow-Injection Analysis With In-Line Preconcentration. Anal. Chem. 1994, 66(22):4105-4111. 10.1021/ac00094a039.
42. Roeske T., Rutgers van der Loeff M.M., Bauch D. Barium measured on water bottle samples during POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXII/2 (SPACE) 2011, http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.758745.
43. Roeske, T., Bauch, D., Rutgers V.D. Loeff, M., Rabe, B., Utility of dissolved Barium in distinguishing North American from Eurasian runoff in the Arctic Ocean, Marine Chemistry (2012), doi:. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2012.01.007.
44. Rudels B., Jones E.P., Anderson L.G., Kattner G. On the intermediate depth waters of the Arctic Ocean. AGU Geophys. Monogr. 1994, 85:33-46. O.M. Johannessen, R.D. Muench, J.E. Overland (Eds.).
45. Rudels B., Jones E.P., Schauer U., Eriksson P. Atlantic sources of the Arctic Ocean surface and halocline waters. Polar Res. 2004, 23(2):181-208. 10.1111/j.1751-8369.2004.tb00007.x.
46. Rudels B., Muench R.D., Gunn J., Schauer U., Friedrich H.J. Evolution of the Arctic Ocean boundary current north of the Siberian shelves. J. Mar. Syst. 2000, 25(1):77-99. 10.1016/S0924-7963(00)00009-9.
47. Rusakov V.Y., et al. Distribution and mineral composition of particulate matter in the Franz Victoria Trough (northern Barents Sea). Oceanology 2004, 44(2):247-256.
48. 226Ra in the Kara and Laptev seas. Cont. Shelf Res. 2003, 23(1):113-124. 10.1016/S0278-4343(02)00169-3.
49. 228Ra as a tracer for shelf water in the arctic ocean. Deep-Sea Res. II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 1995, 42(6):1533-1553. 10.1016/0967-0645(95)00053-4.
50. Schauer U. The expedition ARKTIS-XXII/2 of the research vessel "Polarstern" in 2007 / Ed. by Ursula Schauer, Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung (Reports on Polar and Marine Research) 2008, 579, 271 p., ISSN: 1866-3192. hdl:10013/epic.30947.
51. Schlitzer R. Ocean Data View latest access on March 30, 2011. http://odv.awi.de.
52. 39Ar in the Greenland/Norwegian Seas and the Nansen Basin of the Arctic Ocean. Prog. Oceanogr. 1995, 35(1):1-28. 10.1016/0079-6611(95)00003-Y.
53. Serreze M.C., Barrett A.P., Slater A.G., Woodgate R.A., Aagaard K., Lammers R.B., Steele M., Moritz R., Meredith M., Lee C.M. The large-scale freshwater cycle of the Arctic. J. Geophys. Res. C: Oceans 2006, 111(C11010). 19 pp. 10.1029/2005JC003424.
54. Steele M., Boyd T. Retreat of the cold halocline layer in the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 1998, 103(C5):10419-10435. 10.1029/98JC00580.
55. Sternberg E., Tang D., Ho T.Y., Jeandel C., Morel F.M.M. Barium uptake and adsorption in diatoms. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2005, 69(11):2745-2752. 10.1016/j.gca.2004.11.026.
56. Swift J.H., et al. Waters of the Makarov and Canada basins. Deep-Sea Res. II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 1997, 44(8):1503-1529. 10.1016/S0967-0645(97)00055-6.
57. Taylor J.R., Falkner K.K., Schauer U., Meredith M. Quantitative considerations of dissolved barium as a tracer in the Arctic Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 2003, 108(3374). 13 pp. 10.1029/2002JC001635.
58. Timmermans M.L., Winsor P., Whitehead J.A. Deep-Water Flow over the Lomonosov Ridge in the Arctic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 2005, 35(8):1489-1493. 10.1175/JPO2765.1.
59. Weingartner T.J., Cavalieri D.J., Aagaard K., Sasaki Y. Circulation, dense water formation, and outflow on the northeast Chukchi shelf. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 1998, 103(C4):7647-7661.
60. Wilson C., Wallace D.W.R. Using the Nutrient Ratio NO/PO as a Tracer of Continental Shelf Waters in the Central Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 1990, 95(C12):22193-22208.
61. 18O, and nutrients. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans 2008, 113(C01007). 12 pp. 10.1029/2006JC003858.