The saponin-rich fraction of a Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. aqueous leaf extract reduces cafeteria and high-fat diet-induced obesity

Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung - Section C Journal of Biosciences

Volumn 67, Issue 1-2, 2012, Pages 39-46

  Reddy, Rama Manohar I ^a   Latha, Pushpa B ^a   Vijaya, Tartte ^a   Rao, Dattatreya S ^b  

^a SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b Department of Shalya   (India)

Author keywords

Cafeteria diet; Gymnema sylvestre; High fat diet

Indexed keywords

GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE; RATTUS;

EID: 84857823752     PISSN: 09395075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/znc-2012-1-206     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Anonymous (2006), The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, 1st ed. Government of India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Department of Indian System of Medicine and Homeopathy, New Delhi, India.
2. Belfrage P. and Vaughan M. (1969), Simple liquid partition system for isolation of labeled oleic acid from mixture with glycerides. J. Lipid Res. 10, 341-344.
3. Bishayee A. and Chatterjee M. (1994), Hyperlipidaemic and anti atherosclerotic effects of oral Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. leaf extract in albino rats fed a high fat diet. Phytother. Res. 8, 118-120.
4. Bull N. L. (1988), Studies of dietary habits, food consumption and nutrient intake of adolescents and young adults. World Rev. Nutr. Diet 57, 24-74.
5. Canbakan B., Tahan V., Balci H., Hatemi I., Erer B., Ozbay G., Sut N., Hacibekiroglu M., Imeryuz N., and Senturk H. (2008), Leptin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ann. Hepatol. 7, 249-254.
6. Drent M. L., Larsson I., William O. T., Quaade F., Czubayko F., von Bergmann K., Strobel W., Sjostrom L., and van der Veen E. A. (1995), Orlistat (Ro 18-0647), a lipase inhibitor, in the treatment of human obesity: a multiple dose study. Int. J. Obes. 19, 221-226.
7. Evans W. C. (1989), In: Textbook of Pharmacognosy, 13th ed. (Trease G. E. and Evans W. C., eds.). Cambridge University Press, London, p. 546.
8. Frayn K. N. (2002), Insulin resistance, impaired postprial lipid metabolism abdominal obesity. A deadly triad. Med. Princ. Pract. 11, 31-40.
9. Fried M., Hainer V., Basdevant A., Buchwald H., Dietel M., Finer N., Greve J. W., Horber F., Mathus-Vliegen E., Scopinaro N., Steffen R., Tsi-gos C., Weiner R., and Widhalm K. (2008), Interdisciplinary European guide-lines on surgery for severe obesity. Rozhl. Chir. 87, 468-476.
10. Friedewald W. T., Lewy R. I., and Fredrickson D. S. (1972), Estimation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative centrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18, 499-504.
11. Gholap S. and Kar A. (2003), Effects of Inula racemosa root and Gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts in the regulation of corticosteroid induced diabetes mellitus: involvement of thyroid hormones. Pharmazie 58, 413-415.
12. Han L. K., Kimura Y., and Okuda H. (1999), Reduction in fat storage during chitin chitosan treatment in mice fed a high-fat diet. Int. J. Obes. 23, 174-179.
13. Han L. K., Zheng Y. N., Yoshikawa M., Okuda M., and Kimura Y. (2005), Anti-obesity effects of chikusetsusaponins isolated from Panax japonicus rhizomes. BMC Complement Altern. Med. 6, 5-9.
14. Harris R. B. (1993), The impact of high or low fat cafeteria foods on nutrient intake and growth of rats consuming a diet containing 30% energy as fat. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 17, 307-315.
15. Kim J. Y., Nolte L. A., Hansen P. A., Han D. H., Ferguson K., Thompson P. A., and Holloszy J. O. (2000), High-fat diet-induced muscle insulin resistance: relationship to visceral fat mass. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 279, 2057-2065.
16. Kurihara Y. (1969), Anti sweet activity of gymnemic acid A and its derivatives. Life Sci. 8, 537-543.
17. Lavie C. J., Artham S. M., Milani R. V., and Ventura H. O. (2008), The obesity paradox: impact of obesity on the prevalence prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Postgrad. Med. 120, 34-41.
18. Leibowitz S. F., Akabayashi A., and Wang J. (1998), Obesity on a high-fat diet: role of hypothalamic galanin in neurons of the anterior paraventricular nucleus projecting to the median eminence. J. Neurosci. 18, 2709-2719.
19. Llado I., Estrany M. E., Rodriguez E., Amengual B., Roca P., and Palou A. (2000), Effects of cafeteria diet feeding on β3-adrenoceptor expression and lipolytic activity in white adipose tissue of male and female rats. Int. J. Obes. 24, 1396-1404.
20. Marovic D. (2008), Elevated body mass index fatty liver. Srp. Arh. Celok. Lek. 136, 122-125.
21. Nakamura Y., Tsumura Y., Tonogai Y., and Shibata T. (1999), Fecal steroid excretion is increased in rats by oral administration of gymnemic acids contained in Gymnema sylvestre leaves. J. Nutr. 129, 1214-1222.
22. Ota M., Shimizu Y., Tonosaki K., and Ariyoshi Y. (1998), Role of hydrophobic amino acids in grumarin, a sweetness-suppressing polypeptide. Biopolymers 45, 231-238.
23. Pagotto U., Vanuzzo D., Vicennati V., and Pasquali R. G. (2008), Pharmacological therapy of obesity. Ital. Cardiol. (Rome) 9, 83-93.
24. Portillo M. P., Simon E., Garcia Calonge M. A., and Del Barrio A. S. (1999), Effects of high-fat diet on lypolysis in isolated adipocytes from visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Eur. J. Nutr. 38, 177-182.
25. Rothwell N. J., Stock M. J., and Warwick B. P. (1983), The effect of high fat and high carbohydrate cafeteria diets on diet-induced thermogenesis in the rat. Int. J. Obes. 7, 263-270.
26. Safur Rehman M., Nauman A., and Anwarul-Hassan G. (2010), Studies on anti dyslipidemic effects of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit, leaves and root extracts. Lipids Health Dis. 9, 88-94.
27. Shigematsu N., Asano R., Shimosaka V., and Okazaki M. (2001), Effect of long term administration with Gymnema sylvestre R. BR on plasma and liver lipid in rats. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 24, 643-649.
28. Soundararajan K. K., Ramaswamy R., Ramasamy V., Paul C., and Mohammad A. (2010), Antiobesogenic and anti atherosclerotic properties of Caralluma fimbriata extract. J. Nutr. Metab. 10, 285-301.
29. Srinivasan M., Dodds C., Ghanim H., Gao T., Ross P. J., Browne R. W., Dandona P., and Patel M. S. (2008), Maternal obesity and fetal programming: Effects of a high-carbohydrate nutritional modification in the immediate postnatal life of female rats. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 295, 895-903.
30. Toplak H., De Campo A., and Renner W. J. (2000), BMI and lipid lowering-is there a relation. Clin. Basic Cardiol. 3, 115-117.
31. Van Herpen N. A. and Schrauwen-Hinderling V. B. (2008), Lipid accumulation in non-adipose tissue lipotoxicity. Physiol. Behav. 23, 231-241.
32. Verger R. (1984), In: Pancreatic Lipase (Borgstrom B. and Brockman H. L., eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 83-105.
33. Woo M. N., Bok S. H., Lee M. K., Kim H. J., Jeon S. M., Do G. M., Shin S. K., Ha T. Y., and Choi M. S. (2008), Anti obesity hypolipidemic effects of a proprietary herb fiber combination in rats fed high fat diets. J. Med. Food 11, 169-178.
34. Xu R. Y., Wan Y. P., Tang Q. Y., Wu J., and Cai W. (2008), The effects of high fat on central appetite genes in Wistar rats: A microarray analysis. Clin. Chim. Acta 397, 96-100.
35. Yoshikawa M., Murakami T., Kadota M., Li Y., Murakami N., and Matsuda H. (1997), Medicinal food stuffs II. The inhibitors of glucose absorption from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre R. BR, structure of gymnemosides a and b. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 45, 1671-1676.
36. Yun S. N., Moon S. J., and Ko S. K. (2004), Wild ginseng prevents the onset of high fat diet induced hyperglycemia and obesity in ICR mice. Arch. Pharm. Res. 7, 790-796.