Use of a weighted, automated analysis of the differential blood count to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammation: The intensive care infection score (ICIS)

Inflammation and Allergy - Drug Targets

Volumn 11, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 109-115

  Nierhaus, Axel ^a   Linssen, Jo ^b   Wichmann, Dominic ^a   Braune, Stephan ^a   Kluge, Stefan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HAMBURG EPPENDORF   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WITTEN HERDECKE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Differential blood count; Hematological immune response based infection score; Routine flowcytometry; Sepsis; Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; ERYTHROPOIETIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE BINDING PROTEIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD CELL COUNT; CELL MATURATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DISEASE MARKER; FEMALE; HUMAN; INNATE IMMUNITY; INTENSIVE CARE INFECTION SCORE; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONOCYTE; NEUTROPHIL COUNT; SCORING SYSTEM; SEPSIS; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME;

EID: 84857754606     PISSN: 18715281     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/187152812800392841     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Angus, D.C.; Wax, R.S. Epidemiology of sepsis: an update. Crit. Care Med., 2001, 29(7 Suppl), S109-116.
2. Engel, C.; Brunkhorst, F.M.; Bone, H.G.; Brunkhorst, R.; Gerlach, H.; Grond, S.; Gruendling, M.; Huhle, G.; Jaschinski, U.; John, S. Epidemiology of sepsis in Germany: results from a national prospective multicenter study. Intensive Care Med., 2007, 33(4), 606-618.
3. Martin, G.S.; Mannino, D.M.; Eaton, S.; Moss, M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N. Engl. J. Med., 2003, 348(16), 1546-1554.
4. Angus, D.C.; Linde-Zwirble, W.T.; Lidicker J.; Clermont, G.; Carcillo, J.; Pinsky, M.R. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Critical Care Med., 2001, 29(7), 1303-1310.
5. Bone, R.C.; Balk, R.A.; Cerra, F.B.; Dellinger, R.P.; Fein, A.M.; Knaus, W.A.; Schein, R.M.; Sibbald, W.J. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM consensus conference committee. american college of chest physicians/society of critical care medicine. Chest, 1992, 101(6), 1644-1655.
6. Brun-Buisson, C. The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response. Intensive Care Med., 2000, 26 (Suppl 1), S64-74.
7. Smith, J.A. Neutrophils, host defense, and inflammation: a doubleedged sword. J. Leukoc. Biol., 1994, 56(6), 672-686.
8. Fox, S.; Leitch, A.E.; Duffin, R.; Haslett, C.; Rossi, A.G. Neutrophil apoptosis: relevance to the innate immune response and inflammatory disease. J. Innate Immun., 2010, 2(3), 216-227.
9. Kasama, T.; Strieter, R.M.; Standiford, T.J.; Burdick, M.D.; Kunkel, S.L. Expression and regulation of human neutrophilderived macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha. J. Exp. Med., 1993, 178(1), 63-72.
10. Chertov, O.; Ueda, H.; Xu, L.L.; Tani, K.; Murphy, W.J.; Wang, J.M.; Howard, O.M.; Sayers, T.J.; Oppenheim, J.J. Identification of human neutrophil-derived cathepsin G and azurocidin/CAP37 as chemoattractants for mononuclear cells and neutrophils. J. Exp. Med., 1997, 186(5), 739-747.
11. Kumar, H.; Kawai, T.; Akira, S. Pathogen recognition in the innate immune response. Biochem. J., 2009, 420(1), 1-16.
12. Theurl, I.; Aigner, E.; Theurl, M.; Nairz, M.; Seifert, M.; Schroll, A.; Sonnweber, T.; Eberwein, L.; Witcher, D.R.; Murphy, A.T. Regulation of iron homeostasis in anemia of chronic disease and iron deficiency anemia: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Blood, 2009, 113(21), 5277-5286.
13. Nemeth, E. Targeting the hepcidin-ferroportin axis in the diagnosis and treatment of anemias. Adv. Hematol., 2010, 750643.
14. Franck, S.; Linssen, J.; Messinger, M.; Thomas, L. Potential utility of Ret-Y in the diagnosis of iron-restricted erythropoiesis. Clin. Chem., 2004, 50(7), 1240-1242.
15. Linssen, J.; Jennissen, V.; Hildmann, J.; Reisinger, E.; Schindler, J.; Malchau, G.; Nierhaus, A.; Wielckens, K. Identification and quantification of high fluorescence-stained lymphocytes as antibody synthesizing/secreting cells using the automated routine hematology analyzer XE-2100. Cytome. B Clin. Cytom., 2007, 72(3), 157-166.
16. Bender, L.; Thaarup, J.; Varming, K.; Krarup, H.; Ellermann-Eriksen, S.; Ebbesen, F. Early and late markers for the detection of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Dan. Med. Bull., 2008, 55(4), 219-223.
17. Ishii, T.; Kawasumi, I.; Matsumoto, H. Focusing on the Roles and functions of surfactant. Sysmex. J. Int., 1997, 7(2).
18. Tanaka, C.; Nagai, T.; Nakamura, M.; Yamauchi, Y.; Noguchi, K.; Takimoto, Y.; Kawabata, H.; Shigeta, H.; Murayama, T. Automated hematology analyzer XE-5000 - Overview and basic performance. Sysmex. J. Int., 2007, 17(Suppl.3), 1-6.
19. Pekelharing, J.M.; de Lathouder, S.; Hauss, O.; de Jonge, R.; Lokhoff, J.; Sodikromo, J.; Spaans, M.; Brouwer, R.; Hinzmann, R. Haematology reference intervals for established and novel parameters in healthy adults. Diagnostic Perspectives 2010, 1, 1-11.
20. Furundarena, J.R.; Araiz, M.; Uranga, M.; Sainz, M.R.; Agirre, A.; Trassorras, M.; Uresandi, N.; Montes, M.C.; Argoitia, N. The utility of the Sysmex XE-2100 analyzer's NEUT-X and NEUT-Y parameters for detecting neutrophil dysplasia in myelodysplastic syndromes. Int. J. Lab. Hematol., 2010, 32(3), 360-366.
21. Ansari-Lari M.A, Kickler T.S, Borowitz, M.J. Immature granulocyte measurement using the Sysmex XE-2100. Relationship to infection and sepsis. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 2003, 120(5), 795-799.
22. Harada, Y.; Kawano, M.M.; Huang, N.; Mahmoud, M.S.; Lisukov, I.A.; Mihara, K.; Tsujimoto, T.; Kuramoto, A. Identification of early plasma cells in peripheral blood and their clinical significance. Br. J. Haematol., 1996, 92(1), 184-191.
23. Remick, D.G. Pathophysiology of sepsis. Am. J. Pathol., 2007, 170(5), 1435-1444.
24. Muller Kobold, A.C.; Tulleken, J.E.; Zijlstra, J.G.; Sluiter, W.; Hermans J.; Kallenberg, C.G.; Tervaert, J.W. Leukocyte activation in sepsis; correlations with disease state and mortality. Intensive Care Med., 2000, 26(7), 883-892.
25. Rosenberg, A.L. Recent innovations in intensive care unit riskprediction models. Curr. Opin. Crit. Care, 2002, 8(4), 321-330.
26. Sakr, Y.; Burgett, U.; Nacul, F.E.; Reinhart, K.; Brunkhorst, F. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein in a surgical intensive care unit: a marker of sepsis? Crit. Care Med., 2008, 36(7), 2014-2022.
27. Gaini, S.; Koldkjaer, O.G.; Moller, H.J.; Pedersen, C.; Pedersen, S.S. A comparison of high-mobility group-box 1 protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and procalcitonin in severe community-acquired infections and bacteraemia: a prospective study. Crit. Care, 2007, 11(4), R76.
28. Balc, I.C.; Sungurtekin, H.; Gurses, E.; Sungurtekin, U.; Kaptanoglu, B. Usefulness of procalcitonin for diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive care unit. Crit. Care, 2003, 7(1), 85-90.
29. Harbarth, S.; Holeckova, K.; Froidevaux, C.; Pittet, D.; Ricou, B.; Grau, G.E.; Vadas, L.; Pugin, J. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 in critically ill patients admitted with suspected sepsis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2001, 164(3), 396-402.
30. Du, B.; Pan, J.; Chen, D.; Li, Y. Serum procalcitonin and interleukin-6 levels may help to differentiate systemic inflammatory response of infectious and non-infectious origin. Chin. Med. J. (Engl), 2003, 116(4), 538-542.
31. Liaudat, S.; Dayer, E.; Praz, G.; Bille, J.; Troillet, N. Usefulness of procalcitonin serum level for the diagnosis of bacteremia. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 2001, 20(8), 524-527.
32. Dahaba, A.A.; Metzler, H. Procalcitonin's role in the sepsis cascade. Is procalcitonin a sepsis marker or mediator? Minerva. Anestesiol., 2009, 75(7-8), 447-452.