Overlapping landscapes: A persistent, but misdirected concern when collecting and analyzing ecological data

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 76, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1072-1080

  Zuckerberg, Benjamin ^a   Desrochers, André ^b   Hochachka, Wesley M ^a   Fink, Daniel ^a   Koenig, Walter D ^a   Dickinson, Janis L ^a  

^a Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

citizen science; habitat; landscape; New York; Ontario; spatial autocorrelation

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; AUTOCORRELATION; BIRD; FOREST COVER; HABITAT MANAGEMENT; SAMPLING; SOFTWARE; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

CANADA; NEW YORK [UNITED STATES]; ONTARIO [CANADA]; UNITED STATES;

AVES;

EID: 84857427011     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: 19372817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.326     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Banerjee, S., B. P. Carlin, and, A. E. Gelfand,. 2004. Hierarchical modeling and analysis for spatial data. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
2. Beale, C. M., J. J. Lennon, J. M. Yearsley, M. J. Brewer, and, D. A. Elston,. 2010. Regression analysis of spatial data. Ecology Letters 13: 246-264.
3. Betts, M. G., A. W. Diamond, G. J. Forbes, M. A. Villard, and, J. S. Gunn,. 2006. The importance of spatial autocorrelation, extent and resolution in predicting forest bird occurrence. Ecological Modelling 191: 197-224.
4. Bini, L. M., J. A. F. Diniz-Filho, T. F. L. V. B. Rangel, T. S. B. Akre, R. G. Albaladejo, F. S. Albuquerque, A. Aparicio, M. B. Araujo, A. Baselga, J. Beck, M. I. Bellocq, K. Bohning-Gaese, P. A. V. Borges, I. Castro-Parga, V. K. Chey, S. L. Chown, P. de Marco, D. S. Dobkin, D. Ferrer-Castan, R. Field, J. Filloy, E. Fleishman, J. F. Gomez, J. Hortal, J. B. Iverson, J. T. Kerr, W. D. Kissling, I. J. Kitching, J. L. Leon-Cortes, J. M. Lobo, D. Montoya, I. Morales-Castilla, J. C. Moreno, T. Oberdorff, M. A. Olalla-Tarraga, J. G. Pausas, H. Qian, C. Rahbek, M. A. Rodriguez, M. Rueda, A. Ruggiero, P. Sackmann, N. J. Sanders, L. C. Terribile, O. R. Vetaas, and, B. A. Hawkins,. 2009. Coefficient shifts in geographical ecology: an empirical evaluation of spatial and non-spatial regression. Ecography 32: 193-204.
5. BjØrnstad, O. N., and, W. Falck,. 2001. Nonparametric spatial covariance functions: estimation and testing. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 8: 53-70.
6. BjØrnstad, O. N., R. A. Ims, and, X. Lambin,. 1999. Spatial population dynamics: analyzing patterns and processes of population synchrony. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 14: 427-432.
7. Boscolo, D., and, J. P. Metzger,. 2009. Is bird incidence in Atlantic forest fragments influenced by landscape patterns at multiple scales? Landscape Ecology 24: 907-918.
8. Brennan, J. M., D. J. Bender, T. A. Contreras, and, L. Fahrig,. 2002. Focal patch landscape studies for wildlife management: optimizing sampling effort across scales. Pages 68-91 in, J. Lui, and, W. W. Taylor, editors. Integrating landscape ecology into natural resource management. Cambridge University Press, New York, New York, USA.
9. Buler, J. J., F. R. Moore, and, S. Woltmann,. 2007. A multi-scale examination of stopover habitat use by birds. Ecology 88: 1789-1802.
10. Cadman, M. D., H. J. Dewar, and, D. A. Welsh,. 1998. The Ontario forest bird monitoring program (1987-1997): goals, methods and species trends observed. Technical Report 325. Canadian Wildlife Service, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
11. Campomizzi, A. J., J. A. Butcher, S. L. Farrell, A. G. Snelgrove, B. A. Collier, K. J. Gutzwiller, M. L. Morrison, and, R. N. Wilkins,. 2008. Conspecific attraction is a missing component in wildlife habitat modeling. Journal of Wildlife Management 72: 331-336.
12. Cliff, A. D., and, J. K. Ord,. 1973. Spatial autocorrelation. Pion, London, England.
13. Cunningham, M. A., and, D. H. Johnson,. 2006. Proximate and landscape factors influence grassland bird distributions. Ecological Applications 16: 1062-1075.
14. Desrochers, A., C. Renaud, W. M. Hochachka, and, M. Cadman,. 2010. Area-sensitivity by forest songbirds: theoretical and practical implications of scale-dependency. Ecography 33: 921-931.
15. Dickinson, J. L., B. Zuckerberg, and, D. N. Bonter,. 2010. Citizen science as an ecological research tool: challenges and benefits. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 41: 149-172.
16. Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., L. M. Bini, and, B. A. Hawkins,. 2003. Spatial autocorrelation and red herrings in geographical ecology. Global Ecology and Biogeography 12: 53-64.
17. Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., and, M. P. D. Telles,. 2002. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and the identification of operational units for conservation in continuous populations. Conservation Biology 16: 924-935.
18. Dormann, C. F., J. M. McPherson, M. B. Araujo, R. Bivand, J. Bolliger, G. Carl, R. G. Davies, A. Hirzel, W. Jetz, W. D. Kissling, I. Kuhn, R. Ohlemuller, P. R. Peres-Neto, B. Reineking, B. Schroder, F. M. Schurr, and, R. Wilson,. 2007. Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: a review. Ecography 30: 609-628.
19. Draper, N. R., and, H. Smith,. 1998. Applied regression analysis. Third edition. Wiley, New York, New York, USA.
20. Dungan, J. L., J. N. Perry, M. R. T. Dale, P. Legendre, S. Citron-Pousty, M. J. Fortin, A. Jakomulska, M. Miriti, and, M. S. Rosenberg,. 2002. A balanced view of scale in spatial statistical analysis. Ecography 25: 626-640.
21. Eigenbrod, F., S. J. Hecnar, and, L. Fahrig,. 2011. Sub-optimal study design has major impacts on landscape-scale inference. Biological Conservation 144: 298-305.
22. Fahrig, L., 2005. When is a landscape perspective important? Pages 3-10 in, J. Wiens, and, M. Moss, editors. Issues and perspectives in landscape ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
23. Faraway, J. J., 2006. Extending the linear model with R: generalized linear, mixed effects and nonparametric regression models. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
24. Fortin, M.-J., and, M. R. T. Dale,. 2005. Spatial analysis: a guide for ecologists. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
25. Graham, M. H., 2003. Confronting multicollinearity in ecological multiple regression. Ecology 84: 2809-2815.
26. Hawkins, B. A., J. A. F. Diniz, L. M. Bini, P. De Marco, and, T. M. Blackburn,. 2007. Red herrings revisited: spatial autocorrelation and parameter estimation in geographical ecology. Ecography 30: 375-384.
27. Holland, J. D., D. G. Bert, and, L. Fahrig,. 2004. Determining the spatial scale of species' response to habitat. Bioscience 54: 227-233.
28. Homer, C., J. Dewitz, J. Fry, M. Coan, N. Hossain, C. Larson, N. Herold, A. McKerrow, J. N. VanDriel, and, J. Wickham,. 2007. Completion of the 2001 National Land Cover Database for the conterminous United States. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 73: 337-341.
29. Hurlbert, S. H., 1984. Pseudoreplication and the design of ecological field experiments. Ecological Monographs 54: 187-211.
30. Koper, N., and, F. K. A. Schmiegelow,. 2006. A multi-scaled analysis of avian response to habitat amount and fragmentation in the Canadian dry mixed-grass prairie. Landscape Ecology 21: 1045-1059.
31. Legendre, P., 1993. Spatial autocorrelation-trouble or new paradigm. Ecology 74: 1659-1673.
32. Lennon, J. J., 2000. Red-shifts and red herrings in geographical ecology. Ecography 23: 101-113.
33. Lichstein, J. W., T. R. Simons, S. A. Shriner, and, K. E. Franzreb,. 2002. Spatial autocorrelation and autoregressive models in ecology. Ecological Monographs 72: 445-463.
34. McCulloch, C. E., S. R. Searle, and, J. M. Neuhaus,. 2008. Generalized, linear, and mixed models. Second edition. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
35. McGarigal, K., and, S. A. Cushman,. 2002. Comparative evaluation of experimental approaches to the study of habitat fragmentation effects. Ecological Applications 12: 335-345.
36. McGarigal, K., S. A. Cushman, M. C. Neel, and, E. Ene,. 2002. FRAGSTATS: Spatial Pattern Analysis Program for Categorical Maps. Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. <>. Accessed 30 Mar 2009.
37. Nocera, J. J., G. J. Forbes, and, L. A. Giraldeau,. 2009. Aggregrations from using inadvertent social information: a form of ideal habitat selection. Ecography 32: 143-152.
38. Nocera, J. J., and, G. J. Forbes,. 2010. Incorporating social information to improve the precision of models of avian habitat use. Condor 112 (2): 235-244.
39. McGarigal, K., and, W. C. McComb,. 1995. Relationships between landscape structure and breeding birds in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecological Monographs 65: 235-260.
40. Pan, W., 2001. Akaike's Information Criterion in generalized estimating equations. Biometrics 57: 120-125.
41. Schaalje, G. B., J. B. McBride, and, G. W. Fellingham,. 2001. Approximations to distributions of test statistics in complex mixed Linear models using SAS Proc MIXED. Paper 262 in Proceedings of the 26th Annual SAS Users' Group International Conference. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA.
42. Schooley, R. L., 2006. Spatial heterogeneity and characteristic scales of species-habitat relationships. Bioscience 56: 533-537.
43. Spectranalysis, Inc. 1999. Ontario land cover data base. Revised user's manual. Prepared for Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Spectranalysis, Inc., Oakville, Ontario, Canada.
44. Thogmartin, W. E., and, M. G. Knutson,. 2007. Scaling local species-habitat relations to the larger landscape with a hierarchical spatial count model. Landscape Ecology 22: 61-75.
45. Turner, M. G., R. H. Gardner, and, R. V. O'Neill,. 2001. Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Springer, New York, New York, USA.
46. Vos, C. C., J. Verboom, P. F. M. Opdam, and, C. J. F. Ter Braak,. 2001. Toward ecologically scaled landscape indices. American Naturalist 157: 24-41.
47. Wagner, H. H., and, M. J. Fortin,. 2005. Spatial analysis of landscapes: concepts and statistics. Ecology 86: 1975-1987.
48. Wells, J. V., K. V. Rosenberg, E. H. Dunn, D. L. Tessaglia-Hymes, and, A. A. Dhondt,. 1998. Feeder counts as indicators of spatial and temporal variation in winter abundance of resident birds. Journal of Field Ornithology 69: 577-586.
49. Williams, N. M., and, C. Kremen,. 2007. Resource distributions among habitats determine solitary bee offspring production in a mosaic landscape. Ecological Applications 17: 910-921.
50. Yamaura, Y., K. Katoh, and, T. Takahashi,. 2006. Reversing habitat loss: deciduous habitat fragmentation matters to birds in a larch plantation matrix. Ecography 29: 827-834.