Incidental pituitary adenomas

Neurosurgical Focus

Volumn 31, Issue 6, 2011, Pages

  Sivakumar, Walavan ^a   Chamoun, Roukoz ^a   Nguyen, Vinh ^a   Couldwell, William T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Adenoma; Endocrine dysfunction; Incidental pituitary lesion; Incidentaloma; Transsphenoidal surgery

Indexed keywords

ADENOMA; HUMAN; HYPOPHYSIS TUMOR; INCIDENTAL FINDING; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW; STANDARD;

ADENOMA; HUMANS; INCIDENTAL FINDINGS; PITUITARY NEOPLASMS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC;

EID: 84857173970     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10920684     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3171/2011.9.FOCUS11217     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Angeli A, Terzolo M: Adrenal incidentaloma-a modern disease with old complications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87: 4869-4871, 2002
2. Arafah BM: Reversible hypopituitarism in patients with large nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 62: 1173-1179, 1986
3. Arita K, Tominaga A, Sugiyama K, Eguchi K, Iida K, Sumida M, et al. Natural course of incidentally found nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma, with special reference to pituitary apoplexy during follow-up examination. J Neurosurg 104: 884-891, 2006
4. Arnaldi G, Angeli A, Atkinson AB, Bertagna X, Cavagnini F, Chrousos GP, et al. Diagnosis and complications of Cushing's syndrome: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 5593-5602, 2003
5. Baldeweg SE, Pollock JR, Powell M, Ahlquist J: A spectrum of behaviour in silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas. Br J Neurosurg 19: 38-42, 2005
6. Barkan AL, Chandler WF: Giant pituitary prolactinoma with falsely low serum prolactin: the pitfall of the "high-dose hook effect": case report. Neurosurgery 42: 913-916, 1998
7. Barker FG II, Klibanski A, Swearingen B: Transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors in the United States, 1996-2000: mortality, morbidity, and the effects of hospital and surgeon volume. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 4709-4719, 2003
8. Bradley KJ, Wass JA, Turner HE: Non-functioning pituitary adenomas with positive immunoreactivity for ACTH behave more aggressively than ACTH immunonegative tumours but do not recur more frequently. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 58: 59-64, 2003
9. Buurman H, Saeger W: Subclinical adenomas in postmortem pituitaries: classification and correlations to clinical data. Eur J Endocrinol 154: 753-758, 2006
10. Casanueva FF, Molitch ME, Schlechte JA, Abs R, Bonert V, Bronstein MD, et al. Guidelines of the Pituitary Society for the diagnosis and management of prolactinomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 65: 265-273, 2006
11. Chambers EF, Turski PA, LaMasters D, Newton TH: Regions of low density in the contrast-enhanced pituitary gland: normal and pathologic processes. Radiology 144: 109-113, 1982
12. Chong BW, Kucharczyk W, Singer W, George S: Pituitary gland MR: a comparative study of healthy volunteers and patients with microadenomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 15: 675-679, 1994
13. Couldwell WT, Cannon-Albright L: A heritable predisposition to pituitary tumors. Pituitary 13: 130-137, 2010
14. Daly AF, Burlacu MC, Livadariu E, Beckers A: The epidemiology and management of pituitary incidentalomas. Horm Res 68 (Suppl 5): 195-198, 2007
15. Daly AF, Rixhon M, Adam C, Dempegioti A, Tichomirowa MA, Beckers A: High prevalence of pituitary adenomas: a cross-sectional study in the province of Liege, Belgium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91: 4769-4775, 2006
16. Davis FG, Kupelian V, Freels S, McCarthy B, Surawicz T: Prevalence estimates for primary brain tumors in the United States by behavior and major histology groups. Neuro Oncol 3: 152-158, 2001
17. Dekkers OM, Hammer S, de Keizer RJ, Roelfsema F, Schutte PJ, Smit JW, et al. The natural course of non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas. Eur J Endocrinol 156: 217-224, 2007
18. Dekkers OM, Pereira AM, Romijn JA: Treatment and followup of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93: 3717-3726, 2008
19. Donovan LE, Corenblum B: The natural history of the pituitary incidentaloma. Arch Intern Med 155: 181-183, 1995
20. Ezzat S, Asa SL, Couldwell WT, Barr CE, Dodge WE, Vance ML, et al. The prevalence of pituitary adenomas: a systematic review. Cancer 101: 613-619, 2004
21. Fainstein Day P, Guitelman M, Artese R, Fiszledjer L, Chervin A, Vitale NM, et al. Retrospective multicentric study of pituitary incidentalomas. Pituitary 7: 145-148, 2004 (Erratum in Pituitary 14: 198, 2011)
22. Feldkamp J, Santen R, Harms E, Aulich A, Mödder U, Scherbaum WA: Incidentally discovered pituitary lesions: high frequency of macroadenomas and hormone-secreting adenomas-results of a prospective study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 51: 109-113, 1999
23. Fernandez A, Karavitaki N, Wass JA: Prevalence of pituitary adenomas: a community-based, cross-sectional study in Banbury (Oxfordshire, UK). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 72: 377-382, 2010
24. Fernández-Balsells MM, Murad MH, Barwise A, Gallegos-Orozco JF, Paul A, Lane MA, et al. Natural history of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas and incidentalomas: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96: 905-912, 2011
25. Freda PU, Beckers AM, Katznelson L, Molitch ME, Montori VM, Post KD, et al. Pituitary incidentaloma: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 96: 894-904, 2011
26. Growth Hormone Research Society, Pituitary Society: Biochemical assessment and long-term monitoring in patients with acromegaly: statement from a joint consensus conference of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the Pituitary Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89: 3099-3102, 2004
27. Igarashi T, Saeki N, Yamaura A: Long-term magnetic resonance imaging follow-up of asymptomatic sellar tumors-their natural history and surgical indications. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 39: 592-599, 1999
28. Karavitaki N, Ansorge O, Wass JA: Silent corticotroph adenomas. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 51: 1314-1318, 2007
29. McComb DJ, Ryan N, Horvath E, Kovacs K: Subclinical adenomas of the human pituitary. New light on old problems. Arch Pathol Lab Med 107: 488-491, 1983
30. Molitch ME: Nonfunctioning pituitary tumors and pituitary incidentalomas. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 37: 151-171, xi, 2008
31. Molitch ME: Pituitary tumours: pituitary incidentalomas. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 23: 667-675, 2009
32. Nammour GM, Ybarra J, Naheedy MH, Romeo JH, Aron DC: Incidental pituitary macroadenoma: a population-based study. Am J Med Sci 314: 287-291, 1997
33. Nishizawa S, Ohta S, Yokoyama T, Uemura K: Therapeutic strategy for incidentally found pituitary tumors ("pituitary incidentalomas"). Neurosurgery 43: 1344-1350, 1998
34. O'Brien T, O'Riordan DS, Gharib H, Scheithauer BW, Ebersold MJ, van Heerden JA: Results of treatment of pituitary disease in multiple endocrine neoplasia, type I. Neurosurgery 39: 273-279, 1996
35. Oyama K, Sanno N, Tahara S, Teramoto A: Management of pituitary incidentalomas: according to a survey of pituitary incidentalomas in Japan. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 26: 47-50, 2005
36. Raappana A, Koivukangas J, Ebeling T, Pirilä T: Incidence of pituitary adenomas in Northern Finland in 1992-2007. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 95: 4268-4275, 2010
37. Randall BR, Couldwell WT: Apoplexy in pituitary microadenomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 152: 1737-1740, 2010
38. Randall BR, Kraus KL, Simard MF, Couldwell WT: Cost of evaluation of patients with pituitary incidentaloma. Pituitary 13: 383-384, 2010
39. Reincke M, Allolio B, Saeger W, Menzel J, Winkelmann W: The 'incidentaloma' of the pituitary gland. Is neurosurgery required? JAMA 263: 2772-2776, 1990
40. Sanno N, Oyama K, Tahara S, Teramoto A, Kato Y: A survey of pituitary incidentaloma in Japan. Eur J Endocrinol 149: 123-127, 2003
41. Scheithauer BW, Laws ER Jr, Kovacs K, Horvath E, Randall RV, Carney JA: Pituitary adenomas of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome. Semin Diagn Pathol 4: 205-211, 1987
42. Sivakumar W, Cole CD, Couldwell WT: Rathke cleft cyst presenting with hyponatremia: an unusual presentation. Neurosurg Focus 31(1): E4, 2011
43. Terada T, Kovacs K, Stefaneanu L, Horvath E: Incidence, pathology, and recurrence of pituitary adenomas: study of 647 unselected surgical cases. Endocr Pathol 6: 301-310, 1995
44. Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Tanghe HL, Vincent AJ, Hofman A, Krestin GP, et al. Incidental findings on brain MRI in the general population. N Engl J Med 357: 1821-1828, 2007
45. Young WF Jr, Scheithauer BW, Kovacs KT, Horvath E, Davis DH, Randall RV: Gonadotroph adenoma of the pituitary gland: a clinicopathologic analysis of 100 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 71: 649-656, 1996
46. Yue NC, Longstreth WT Jr, Elster AD, Jungreis CA, O'Leary DH, Poirier VC: Clinically serious abnormalities found incidentally at MR imaging of the brain: data from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Radiology 202: 41-46, 1997
47. Zada G, Lin N, Ojerholm E, Ramkissoon S, Laws ER: Craniopharyngioma and other cystic epithelial lesions of the sellar region: a review of clinical, imaging, and histopathological relationships. Neurosurg Focus 28(4): E4, 2010