Survival and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of the extremely preterm infant: A systematic review

Saudi Medical Journal

Volumn 32, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 885-894

  Lorenz, John M ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BLINDNESS; CEREBRAL PALSY; COGNITIVE DEFECT; FOLLOW UP; GESTATIONAL AGE; HEARING IMPAIRMENT; HUMAN; MENTAL DEFICIENCY; MIXED HEARING LOSS; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NEWBORN CARE; NEWBORN MORTALITY; NORTH AMERICA; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PREMATURITY; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; SURVIVAL; SURVIVAL RATE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; UNILATERAL BLINDNESS; ARTICLE; BRAIN; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; INFANT; INFANT MORTALITY; META ANALYSIS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; NEWBORN; PERINATAL CARE; STATISTICS;

BRAIN; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT MORTALITY; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, PREMATURE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PERINATAL CARE;

EID: 84856388119     PISSN: 03795284     EISSN: 16583175     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. Beeby, P. Improved outcomes following the introduction of surfactant to an Australian neonatal unit. J Paediatr Child Health 1996; 32: 257-260.
2. Hack M, Friedman MA, Fanaroff AA. Outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatr 1996; 98: 931-937.
3. Schoendorf KC. Birth weight and age-specific analysis of the 1990 US infant mortality drop. Was it surfactant? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1997; 151: 129-134.
4. Tin W, Wariyar W, Hey E. Changing prognosis for babies born less than 28 weeks' gestation in the north of England between 1983 and 1994. BMJ 1997; 314: 107-111.
5. Elmsley HCA, Wardle SP, Sims DG, Chiswick ML, D'Sousa SW. Increased survival and deteriorating developmental outcome in 23 to 25 weeks old gestation infants, 1990-4 compared with 1984-9. Arch Dis Child 1998; 78: F99-F104.
6. Richardson DK, Gray JE, Gortmaker SL, Goldmann DA, Pursley DM, McCormick MC. Declining severity adjusted mortality: Evidence of improving neonatal intensive care. Pediatr 1998; 102: 893-899.
7. Rosenberg KD, Desai RA, Na Y, Kan J, Schwartz L. The Effect of Surfactant on Birthweight-Specific Neonatal Mortality Rate, New York City. Ann Epidemiol 2001; 2: 337-341.
8. Hoekstra RE, Ferrara TB, Couser RJ, Payne NR, Connett JE. Survival and Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely premature infants born at 23-26 weeks gestational age at a tertiary center. Pediatrics 2004; 113: e1-e6.
9. Vohr BR, Wright LL, Poole WK, McDonald SA, NICHD Neonatal Research Network Follow-up Study. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants, 32 weeks' gestation between 1993 and 1998. Pediatr 2005; 116: 635-643.
10. Cooke RW. Preterm morbidity and mortality over 25 years. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 293-294.
11. Washburn LK, Dillard RG, Goldstein DJ, Klinepeter KL, deRegnier RA, O'Shea TM. Survival and major neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely low gestational age newborns born 1990-2000: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2007; 7: 20.
12. Dorling DJ, Manktelow JS, Draper BN, Elizabeth S. Survival of extremely premature babies in a geographically defined population: prospective cohort study of 1994-9 compared with 2000-5. BMJ 2008; 336: 1221-1223.
13. Anthony S, Ouden L, Brand R, Verloove-Vanhorick P, Gravenhorst JB. Changes in perinatal care and survival in very preterm and extremely preterm infants in The Netherlands between 1983 and 1995. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010; 112: 170-177.
14. Rattihalli RR, Lamming CR, Dorling J, Manktelow BN, Bohin S, Filed DJ, et al. Neonatal intensive care outcomes and resource utilization of infants born <26 weeks in the former Trent region: 2001-2003 compared with 1991-1993. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2010. [Epub ahead of print]
15. Zeitlin J, Ancel P-Y, Delmas D, Bréart G, Papiernik E, and the EPIPAGE and the MOSAIC Ile-de-France Groups. Changes in care and outcome of very preterm babies in the Parisian region between 1998 and 2003. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2010; 95: F188-F193.
16. Hintz SR, Kendrick DE, Wilson-Costello DE, Das A, Bell EF, Vohr B, et al for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Pediatr 2011; 127: 62-70.
17. Wilson-Costello D. Is there evidence that long-term outcomes have improved with intensive care? Sem Fetal Neonat Med 2007; 12: 344-350.
18. Lorenz JM. Outcome of extreme prematurity. Sem Perinatal 2001; 25: 348-359.
19. Bottoms SF, Paul RH Iams JD, Mercer BM, Thom EA, Roberts JM, et al. Obstetric determinants of neonatal survival: influence of willingness to perform cesarean delivery on survival of extremely low-birth-weight infants. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997; 176:960-966.
20. Effer SB, Mountquin J-M, Farine D, Saigal S, Nimrod C, Kelly E, et al. Neonatal survival rates in 860 singleton live births at 24 and 25 weeks gestational age: a Canadian multicentre study. BJOG 2002; 109: 740-745.
21. Lemons JA, Bauer CR, Oh W, Karones SB, Papile L, Stoll BJ, et al for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Very low birth weight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, January 1995 through December 1996. Pediatr 2000; 107: 1.
22. McElrath T, Robinson JN, Ecker JL, Ringer SA, Norwitz ER. Neonatal outcome on infants born at 23 weeks' gestation. Obstet Gynecol 2001; 97: 49-52.
23. The effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation and perinatal outcomes. NIH Concensus Statement 1994; 12: 1-24.
24. Tyson JE, Younes N, Verter J, Wright LL. Viability, mortality, and resource use among newborns of 501-800-g birth weight. JAMA 1996; 276: 1645-1651.
25. Fanaroff AA, Wright LL, Stevenson DK, Shankaran S, Donovan EF, Ehrenkranz RA, et al. Very low birthweight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, January 1993 to December 1994. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 173: 1423-1431.
26. Battin M, Ling EWY, Whitfield MF, Mackinnon M, Effer SB. Has the outcome for extremely low gestational age (ELGA) infants improved following recent advances in neonatal intensive care? Am J Perinatol 1998; 15: 469-477.
27. Stevenson DK, Wright LL, Lemons JA, Oh W, Korones SB, Papile L, et al. Very low birth weight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, January 1993 to December 1994. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 179: 1632-1639.
28. El-Metwally D, Vohr B, Tucker R. Survival and neonatal morbidity at the limits of viability in the mid1990's: 22-25 weeks. J Pediatr 2000; 137: 616-622.
29. Davis DJ. How aggressive should delivery room cardiopulmonary resuscitation be for extremely low birth weight infants? Pediatr 1993; 92: 447-450.
30. Cooke RW. Improved outcome for infants at the limit of viability. Eur J Pediatr 1996; 155: 665-667.
31. Bardin C, Zelkowitz P, Papgeorgiou A. Outcome for small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age infants born before 27 weeks of gestation. Pediatr 1997; 100: 2.
32. Jacobs SE, O'Brien K, Inwood S, Kelly EN, Whyte HE. Outcome of infants 23-26 weeks' gestation pre and post surfactant. Acta Paediatr 2000; 89: 959-965.
33. Aslam M, Panjvani Z, Rajegowda BK. Outcome of infants born at 21-28 weeks' gestation in an inner city hospital over an eight year period. J Perinatol Med 2007; 35: 151-154.
34. Batton DG, DeWitte DB, Espinosa R, Swails TL. The impact of fetal compromise on outcome at the border of viability. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 178: 990-915.
35. Bahado-Singh RO, Dashe J, Deren O, Daftary G, Copel JA, Ehrenkranz RA. Prenatal prediction of neonatal outcome in the extremely low-birth-weight infant. Am J Obstet Gyn 1998; 78: 462-468.
36. Kramer WB, Saade GR, Goodrum L, Montgomery L, Belfort M, Moise KJ. Neonatal outcome after active perinatal management of the very premature infant between 23 and 27 weeks' gestation. J Perinatol 1997; 17: 439-433.
37. Leblanc MH, Graves GR, Rawson TW, Moffitt J. Long-term outcome of infants at the margin of viability. Journal MSMA 1999; 40: 111-114.
38. Doron MI, Veness-Meehan KA, Margolis LH, Holoman EM, Stiles AD. Delivery room resuscitation decisions for extremely premature infants. Pediatr 1998; 102: 574-582.
39. Wariyar UK and Richmond S. Morbidity and preterm delivery: importance of 100% follow-up. Lancet 1989; 1: 287-288.
40. Castro L, Yolton K, Haberman B, Roberto N, Hansen NI, Ambalavanan N, et al. Bias in reported neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely low birth weight survivors. Pediatr 2004; 114: 404-410.
41. Kim MM, O'Connor KS, McLean J, Robson A, Chance G. Do parents and professionals agree on the developmental status of high-risk infants? Pediatr 1996; 97: 676-681.
42. Heiser A. Curcin O, Luhr C, Grimmer I, Metz B, Obladen M. Parental and professional agreement in developmental assessment of very-low-birthweight and term infants. Devel Med Child Neurol 2000; 42: 21-24.
43. Weisglas-Kuperus N, Baerts W, Smrkovsky M, Sauer PJ. Effects of biological and social factors on the cognitive development of very low birth weight children. Pediatrics 1993; 92: 658-665.
44. Eg-Andersen G. Prediction of outcome in 164 infants born after 24-28 weeks gestation. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1989; 360: 56-61.
45. Doyle LW. For the Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. Outcome to five years of age of children born at 24-26 weeks' gestational age in Victoria. Med J Aust 1995; 163: 11-14.
46. Lefebvre F, Glorieux J, St-Laurent-Gagnon T. Neonatal survival and disability rate at age 18 months for infants born between 23 and 28 weeks of gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 174: 833-838.
47. Hack M, Wilson-Costello D, Friedman H, Taylor GH, Schluchter M, Fanaroff AA. Neurodevelopment and predictors of outcomes of children with birth weights of less than 1000 g. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2000; 154: 725-731.
48. DeGroote I, Vanhaesebrouck P, Bruneel E, Dom L, Durein I, Hasaerts D, et al for the Extremely Preterm Infants in Belgium (EPIBEL) Study Group. Obstet Gynecol 2007; 110: 855-864.
49. Neubauer AP, Voss W, Katter E. Outcome of extremely low birth weight survivors at school age: the influence of perinatal parameters on neurodevelopment. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167: 87-95.
50. Roberts G, Anderson PJ, DeLucca C, Doyle LW, The Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. Changes in neurodevelopmental outcome at age eight in geographic cohorts of children born 22-27 weeks' gestation during the 1990s. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95: F90-F94.
51. Teplin SW, Burchinal M, Johnson-Martin N, Humphry RA, Kraybill EN. Neurodevelopmental, health, ant growth status at age 6 years of children with birthweights less than 1001 grams. J Pediatr 1991; 118:768-777.
52. Halsey CL, Collin MF, Anderson CL. Extremely low birth weight children and their peers. A comparison of school-age outcomes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996; 150: 790-794.
53. Whitfield MF, Eckstein Grunau RV, Holsti L. Extremely premature (≤ 800 g) schoolchildren: multiple areas of hidden disability. Arch Dis Child 1997; 77: F85-F90.
54. Anderson P, Doyle LW, and the Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. Neurobehavioral outcomes of school -age children born extremely low birth weight of very preterm in the 1990s. JAMA 2003; 189: 3264-3272.
55. Saigal S, den Ouden L, Wolke D, Hoult, L, Paneth N, Streiner DL, et al. School-age outcomes in children who were extremely low birth weight from four international population based cohorts. Pediatrics 2003; 112: 943-950.
56. Hack M, Taylor GH, Drotar D, Schluchter M, Cartar L, Andreias L, et al. Chronic conditions, functional limitations, and special health care needs of school-aged children born with extremely low-birth-weight in the 1990s. JAMA 2005; 294: 318-325.
57. Collaborative Group on Antenatal Steroid Therapy. Effects of antenatal dexamethasone administration in the infant: Long-term Follow-up. J Pediatr 1984; 104:259-267
58. Doyle LW, Ford GW, Rickards AL, Kelly EA, Davis NM, Callahan C, Olinsky A. Antenatal corticosteroids and outcome at 14 years of age in children with birth weight less than 1501 grams. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 1.
59. Hoekstra RE, Ferrara TB, Payne NR. Effects of surfactant therapy on outcome of extremely premature infants. Eur J Pediatr 1994; 153 [Suppl 2]: S12-S16.
60. Bergman J and Kimberlin LVS. Developmental outcome in extremely premature infants. Impact of surfactant. Pediatr Clin North Am 1993; 40: 937-953.
61. Ferrara TB, Hoekstra RE, Couser RJ, Gaziano EP, Calvin SE, Payne NR, et al. Survival and follow-up of infants born at 23 to 26 weeks of gestational age: Effects of surfactant therapy. J Pediatr 1994; 124: 119-124.
62. Survanta Multidose Study Group. Two-year follow-up of infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome with bovine surfactant. J Pediatr 1994; 124: 962-967.
63. Dezoete JA, MacArthur BA, Tuck B. Prediction of Bayley and Stanford-Binet scores with a group of very low birthweight children. Child: Care, Health & Development 2003; 29: 367-372.
64. Ment LR, Vohr B, Allan W, Katz KH, Schneider KC, Westerveld M, et al. Change in cognitive function over time in very low-birth-weight infants. JAMA 2003; 289: 705-711.
65. Kiely JL & Paneth P. Follow-up studies of low-birthweight infants: suggestions for design, analysis, and reporting. Devel Med Child Neuro 1981; 23: 96-100.
66. National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit. Disability and care: Measurement of health status at two years. A report of two working groups convened by the National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit and the former Oxford Regional Health Authority. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit; 1994.
67. Johnson A. Follow up studies: a case for a standard minimum data set. Arch Dis Child 1997; 76: F61-F63.
68. Rijken M, Stoelhorst GMS, Martens SE, van Zwieten PHT, Brand R, Wit JM, et al. Mortality and neurologic, mental, and psychomotor development at 2 years in infants born less that 27 weeks' gestation: the Leiden Follow-up Project on Prematurity. Pediatrics 2003; 112: 351-358.
69. Dolye LW. The obstetrician and the extremely immature fetus (24-26 weeks): Outcome to age 5 years. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 1994; 34: 421-424.
70. Weissman A, Jakobi P, Blazer S, Avrahami R, Zimmer EZ. Survival and long-term outcome of infants delivered at 24 to 28 weeks' gestation, by method of delivery and fetal presentation. J Perinatol 1989; 9: 372-375.
71. Zeben van-van der Aa TM, Verloove-Vanhorick SP, Brand R, Ruys JH. Morbidity of very low birth weight infants at corrected age of two years in a geographically defined population. Lancet 1989; 8632: 253-255.
72. Hack M, Wright LL, Shankaran S, Tyson JE, Horbar JD, Bauer CR, et al. For the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal research Network. Very-low-birth-weight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, November 1989 to October 1990. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995; 172: 457-464.
73. Paranka MS, Yoder BA, Brehm W. Improved outcome of extremely premature infants in the 1990s. Military Med 1999: 164: 568-571.
74. Yu VYH, Loke HL, Bajok B, Szymonowicz W, Orgill AA, Astbury J. Prognosis for infants born at 23 to 28 weeks' gestation. BMJ 1986; 293: 1200-1202.
75. Nwaesei CG, Young DC, Byrne JM, Allen AC, Stinson DA. Preterm birth at 23 to 26 weeks' gestation: Is active obstetric management justified? Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987; 157: 890-897.
76. Whyte HE, Fitzhardinge PM, Shennan AT, Lennox K, Smith L, Lacy J. Extreme immaturity: Outcome of 568 pregnancies of 23-26 weeks' gestation. Obstet Gynecol 1993; 82: 1-7.
77. Cooke RWI. Factors affecting survival and outcome at 3 years in extremely preterm infants. Arch Dis Child 1994; 71: F28-F31.
78. Johnson A, Townshend P, Yudkin P, Bull D, Wilkinson AR. Functional abilities at age 4 years of children born before 29 weeks gestation. BMJ 1993; 306: 1715-1718.
79. Synnes AR, Ling EWY, Whitfield MF, et al. Perinatal outcomes of a large cohort of extremely low birth weight infants (twenty-three to twenty-eight completed weeks of gestation). J Pediatr 1994; 125: 952-960.
80. D'Angio CT, Sinkin RA, Stevens TP, Landfish NK, Merzbach JL, Ryan R, et al. Longitudinal, 15-year follow-up of children born at less than 29 weeks' gestation after introduction of surfactant therapy into a region: neurologic, cognitive, and educational outcomes. Pediatrics 2002; 110: 1094-1102.
81. The Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group. Outcome at two years of children 23-27 weeks' gestation born in Victoria in 1991-92. J Paediatr Child Health 1997; 33: 161-165.
82. Piecuch RE. Leonard CH. Cooper BA. Kilpatrick SJ. Schlueter MA. Sola A. Outcome of infants born at 24-26 weeks' gestation: II. Neurodevelopmental outcome. Obstet Gyn 1997; 90: 809-814.
83. Wood NS, Marlow N, Costeloe K, Gibson AT, Wilkensen AR for the EPICure Study Group. Neurologic and developmental disability after extreme prematurity. New Eng J Med 2000; 343: 378-384.
84. Mikkola K, Ritari N, Tommiska V, Salokorpi T, Lehtonen L, Tammela O, et al. Pediatr 2005; 116: 1391-1400.
85. Steinmacher J, Pohlandt F, Bode H, Sander S, Kron M, Franz AR. Neurodevelopmental follow-up of very preterm infants after proactive treatment at a gestationa age of ≥ 23 weeks. J Pediatr 2008; 152: 771-776.
86. Lester BM, McGrath MM, Garcia Coll C, et al. Relationship between risk and protective factors, developmental outcome, and the home environment at four years of age in term and preterm infants. In: Fitzgerald HE, Lester BM, Zuckerman B, editors. Children of Poverty: Research, Health and Policy Issues. New York (NY): Garland; 1995.
87. Hack M, Taylor HG, Drotar D, Schluchter M, Cartar L, Wilson-Costello D, et al. Poor predictive validity of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age. Pediatrics 2005; 116: 333-341.