메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 53-64

An improved procedure to estimate wolf abundance using non-invasive genetic sampling and capture-recapture mixture models

Author keywords

Canis lupus; Capture recapture analyses; Individual detection heterogeneity; Multilocus genotypes; Non invasive genetics; Population size estimation

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; CANID; DATA SET; DEMOGRAPHY; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; ESTIMATION METHOD; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENOTYPE; HABITAT TYPE; HETEROGENEITY; HOME RANGE; MARK-RECAPTURE METHOD; MOUNTAIN REGION; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION SIZE; RARE SPECIES;

EID: 84856235060     PISSN: 15660621     EISSN: 15729737     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0266-1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (44)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 3543140697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wolves in the Casentinesi Forests: insights for wolf conservation in Italy from a protected area with a rich wild prey community
    • Apollonio M, Mattioli L, Scandura M, Mauri L, Gazzola A, Avanzinelli E (2004) Wolves in the Casentinesi Forests: insights for wolf conservation in Italy from a protected area with a rich wild prey community. Biol Conserv 120: 249-260.
    • (2004) Biol Conserv , vol.120 , pp. 249-260
    • Apollonio, M.1    Mattioli, L.2    Scandura, M.3    Mauri, L.4    Gazzola, A.5    Avanzinelli, E.6
  • 3
  • 4
    • 42149109670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of occupancy models to estimate the influence of previous live captures on DNA-based detection probabilities of grizzly bears
    • Boulanger J, White GC, Proctor M, Stenhouse G, MacHutchon G, Himmer S (2008) Use of occupancy models to estimate the influence of previous live captures on DNA-based detection probabilities of grizzly bears. J Wildl Manag 72: 589-595.
    • (2008) J Wildl Manag , vol.72 , pp. 589-595
    • Boulanger, J.1    White, G.C.2    Proctor, M.3    Stenhouse, G.4    Machutchon, G.5    Himmer, S.6
  • 5
    • 0032706996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of dispersal in a colonizing wolf population in the Central Rocky Mountains
    • Boyd D, Pletscher DH (1999) Characteristics of dispersal in a colonizing wolf population in the Central Rocky Mountains. J Wildl Manag 63: 1094-1108.
    • (1999) J Wildl Manag , vol.63 , pp. 1094-1108
    • Boyd, D.1    Pletscher, D.H.2
  • 6
    • 0031103412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors
    • Breitenmoser U (1998) Large predators in the Alps: the fall and rise of man's competitors. Biol Conserv 83: 279-289.
    • (1998) Biol Conserv , vol.83 , pp. 279-289
    • Breitenmoser, U.1
  • 7
    • 7044241290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying genotyping errors in noninvasive population genetics
    • Broquet T, Petit E (2004) Quantifying genotyping errors in noninvasive population genetics. Mol Ecol 13: 3601-3608.
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 3601-3608
    • Broquet, T.1    Petit, E.2
  • 9
    • 84856213891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive genetic monitoring of the wolf (Canis lupus) population in Emilia-Romagna
    • Caniglia R, Fabbri E, Greco C, Randi E (eds), Nat Conserv Rep 33, Ministry of Environment-ISPRA, Bologna, Italy (in Italian)
    • Caniglia R, Fabbri E, Greco C, Randi E (2010) Non-invasive genetic monitoring of the wolf (Canis lupus) population in Emilia-Romagna. In: Caniglia R, Fabbri E, Greco C, Randi E (eds) Proceedings of the conference: scientific research and management for wolf conservation in Italy. Nat Conserv Rep 33, Ministry of Environment-ISPRA, Bologna, Italy, pp 19-66 (in Italian).
    • (2010) Proceedings of the conference: Scientific research and management for wolf conservation in Italy , pp. 19-66
    • Caniglia, R.1    Fabbri, E.2    Greco, C.3    Randi, E.4
  • 10
    • 0141606091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation and control strategies for the wolf (Canis lupus) in Western Europe based on demographic models
    • Chapron G, Legendre P, Ferriere R, Clobert J, Haight RG (2003) Conservation and control strategies for the wolf (Canis lupus) in Western Europe based on demographic models. C R Biol 326: 575-587.
    • (2003) C R Biol , vol.326 , pp. 575-587
    • Chapron, G.1    Legendre, P.2    Ferriere, R.3    Clobert, J.4    Haight, R.G.5
  • 11
    • 72049126989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U-Care (Version 2.3): utilities for performing goodness of fit tests and manipulating CApture-REcapture data
    • Choquet R, Lebreton JD, Gimenez O, Reboulet AM, Pradel R (2009a) U-Care (Version 2. 3): utilities for performing goodness of fit tests and manipulating CApture-REcapture data. Ecography 32: 1071-1074.
    • (2009) Ecography , vol.32 , pp. 1071-1074
    • Choquet, R.1    Lebreton, J.D.2    Gimenez, O.3    Reboulet, A.M.4    Pradel, R.5
  • 12
    • 63849180978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Program E-Surge: a software application for fitting multievent models
    • D. L. Thomson, E. G. Cooch, and M. J. Conroy (Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Choquet R, Rouan L, Pradel R (2009b) Program E-Surge: a software application for fitting multievent models. In: Thomson DL, Cooch EG, Conroy MJ (eds) Modeling demographic processes in marked populations. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 845-865.
    • (2009) Modeling Demographic Processes in Marked Populations , pp. 845-865
    • Choquet, R.1    Rouan, L.2    Pradel, R.3
  • 13
    • 0033508077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nine-year dynamics of a wolf pack in the Northern Apennines (Italy)
    • Ciucci P, Boitani L (1999) Nine-year dynamics of a wolf pack in the Northern Apennines (Italy). Mammalia 63: 377-384.
    • (1999) Mammalia , vol.63 , pp. 377-384
    • Ciucci, P.1    Boitani, L.2
  • 14
    • 0037630871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population size estimation in Yellowstone wolves with error-prone non-invasive microsatellite genotypes
    • Creel S, Spong G, Sands JL et al (2003) Population size estimation in Yellowstone wolves with error-prone non-invasive microsatellite genotypes. Mol Ecol 12: 2003-2009.
    • (2003) Mol Ecol , vol.12 , pp. 2003-2009
    • Creel, S.1    Spong, G.2    Sands, J.L.3
  • 15
    • 45449112324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is heterogeneity of catchability in capture-recapture studies a mere sampling artifact or a biologically relevant feature of the population?
    • Crespin L, Choquet R, Lima M, Merritt J, Pradel R (2008) Is heterogeneity of catchability in capture-recapture studies a mere sampling artifact or a biologically relevant feature of the population? Popul Ecol 50: 247-256.
    • (2008) Popul Ecol , vol.50 , pp. 247-256
    • Crespin, L.1    Choquet, R.2    Lima, M.3    Merritt, J.4    Pradel, R.5
  • 16
    • 77954168018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of accounting for detection heterogeneity when estimating abundance: the case of French wolves
    • Cubaynes S, Pradel R, Choquet R et al (2010) Importance of accounting for detection heterogeneity when estimating abundance: the case of French wolves. Conserv Biol 24: 621-626.
    • (2010) Conserv Biol , vol.24 , pp. 621-626
    • Cubaynes, S.1    Pradel, R.2    Choquet, R.3
  • 18
    • 33845929559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planning capture-recapture studies: straightforward precision, bias, and power calculations
    • Devineau O, Choquet R, Lebreton JD (2006) Planning capture-recapture studies: straightforward precision, bias, and power calculations. Wildl Soc B 34: 1028-1035.
    • (2006) Wildl Soc B , vol.34 , pp. 1028-1035
    • Devineau, O.1    Choquet, R.2    Lebreton, J.D.3
  • 19
    • 77958525612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual heterogeneity as a pitfall in population estimates based on non-invasive genetic sampling-review and recommendations
    • Ebert C, Knauer F, Storch I, Hohmann U (2010) Individual heterogeneity as a pitfall in population estimates based on non-invasive genetic sampling-review and recommendations. Wildl Biol 16: 225-240.
    • (2010) Wildl Biol , vol.16 , pp. 225-240
    • Ebert, C.1    Knauer, F.2    Storch, I.3    Hohmann, U.4
  • 20
    • 0034007128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular tracking of mountain lions in the Yosemite Valley region in California: genetic analysis using microsatellites and faecal DNA
    • Ernest HB, Penedo MCT, May BP, Syvanen M, Boyce WM (2000) Molecular tracking of mountain lions in the Yosemite Valley region in California: genetic analysis using microsatellites and faecal DNA. Mol Ecol 9: 433-441.
    • (2000) Mol Ecol , vol.9 , pp. 433-441
    • Ernest, H.B.1    Penedo, M.C.T.2    May, B.P.3    Syvanen, M.4    Boyce, W.M.5
  • 21
    • 34047108637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the Apennines to the Alps: colonization genetics of the naturally expanding Italian wolf (Canis lupus) population
    • Fabbri E, Miquel C, Lucchini V et al (2007) From the Apennines to the Alps: colonization genetics of the naturally expanding Italian wolf (Canis lupus) population. Mol Ecol 16: 1661-1671.
    • (2007) Mol Ecol , vol.16 , pp. 1661-1671
    • Fabbri, E.1    Miquel, C.2    Lucchini, V.3
  • 23
    • 0029158934 scopus 로고
    • Variation of short tandem repeats within and between species belonging to the Canidae family
    • Fredholm M, Wintero AK (1995) Variation of short tandem repeats within and between species belonging to the Canidae family. Mamm Genome 6: 11-18.
    • (1995) Mamm Genome , vol.6 , pp. 11-18
    • Fredholm, M.1    Wintero, A.K.2
  • 24
    • 0024937536 scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of wolves in north-central Minnesota
    • Fuller TK (1989) Population dynamics of wolves in north-central Minnesota. Wildl Monog 105: 1-41.
    • (1989) Wildl Monog , vol.105 , pp. 1-41
    • Fuller, T.K.1
  • 26
    • 84856209508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National action plan for wolf (Canis lupus) conservation in Italy
    • (ed) Ministry of Environment-ISPRA, Bologna, Italy (in Italian)
    • Genovesi P (ed) (2002) National action plan for wolf (Canis lupus) conservation in Italy, Nat Conserv Rep 13. Ministry of Environment-ISPRA, Bologna, Italy, pp 1-94 (in Italian).
    • (2002) Nat Conserv Rep 13 , pp. 1-94
    • Genovesi, P.1
  • 27
    • 15844419165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An examination of the effect of heterogeneity on the estimation of population size using capture-recapture data
    • Hwang WH, Huggins R (2005) An examination of the effect of heterogeneity on the estimation of population size using capture-recapture data. Biometrika 92: 229-233.
    • (2005) Biometrika , vol.92 , pp. 229-233
    • Hwang, W.H.1    Huggins, R.2
  • 28
    • 33749001181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual identification and distribution of genotypic differences between individuals
    • Kalinowski ST, Sawaya MA, Taper ML (2006) Individual identification and distribution of genotypic differences between individuals. J Wildl Manag 70: 1148-1150.
    • (2006) J Wildl Manag , vol.70 , pp. 1148-1150
    • Kalinowski, S.T.1    Sawaya, M.A.2    Taper, M.L.3
  • 29
    • 0031285080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facts from faeces revisited
    • Kohn MK, Wayne RK (1997) Facts from faeces revisited. Trends Ecol Evol 12: 223-227.
    • (1997) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.12 , pp. 223-227
    • Kohn, M.K.1    Wayne, R.K.2
  • 31
    • 0026490966 scopus 로고
    • Modelling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies
    • Lebreton JD, Burnham KP, Clobert J, Anderson DR (1992) Modelling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies. Ecol Monogr 62: 67-118.
    • (1992) Ecol Monogr , vol.62 , pp. 67-118
    • Lebreton, J.D.1    Burnham, K.P.2    Clobert, J.3    Anderson, D.R.4
  • 32
    • 34248649074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality parameters of the wolf in Italy: does the wolf keep himself from the door?
    • Lovari S, Sforzi A, Scala C, Fico R (2007) Mortality parameters of the wolf in Italy: does the wolf keep himself from the door? J Zool 272: 117-124.
    • (2007) J Zool , vol.272 , pp. 117-124
    • Lovari, S.1    Sforzi, A.2    Scala, C.3    Fico, R.4
  • 33
    • 0035999365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps
    • Lucchini V, Fabbri E, Marucco F, Ricci S, Boitani L, Randi E (2002) Non-invasive molecular tracking of colonizing wolf (Canis lupus) packs in the western Italian Alps. Mol Ecol 11: 857-868.
    • (2002) Mol Ecol , vol.11 , pp. 857-868
    • Lucchini, V.1    Fabbri, E.2    Marucco, F.3    Ricci, S.4    Boitani, L.5    Randi, E.6
  • 34
    • 77952093315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of census and effective population sizes: the increasing usefulness of DNA-based approaches
    • Luikart G, Ryman N, Tallmon DA, Schwartz MK, Allendorf FW (2010) Estimation of census and effective population sizes: the increasing usefulness of DNA-based approaches. Conserv Genet 11: 355-373.
    • (2010) Conserv Genet , vol.11 , pp. 355-373
    • Luikart, G.1    Ryman, N.2    Tallmon, D.A.3    Schwartz, M.K.4    Allendorf, F.W.5
  • 35
    • 18044367526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating population size from DNA-based closed capture-recapture data incorporating genotyping error
    • Lukacs PM, Burnham KP (2005) Estimating population size from DNA-based closed capture-recapture data incorporating genotyping error. J Wildl Manag 69: 396-403.
    • (2005) J Wildl Manag , vol.69 , pp. 396-403
    • Lukacs, P.M.1    Burnham, K.P.2
  • 36
    • 67650765510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating population size from multiple detections with non-invasive genetic data
    • Lukacs PM, Eggert LS, Burnham KP (2007) Estimating population size from multiple detections with non-invasive genetic data. Wildl Biol Pract 3: 83-92.
    • (2007) Wildl Biol Pract , vol.3 , pp. 83-92
    • Lukacs, P.M.1    Eggert, L.S.2    Burnham, K.P.3
  • 37
    • 70349659649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wolf survival and population trend using non-invasive capture-recapture techniques in the Western Alps
    • Marucco F, Pletscher DH, Boitani L, Schwartz MK, Pilgrim KL, Lebreton JD (2009) Wolf survival and population trend using non-invasive capture-recapture techniques in the Western Alps. J Appl Ecol 46: 1003-1010.
    • (2009) J Appl Ecol , vol.46 , pp. 1003-1010
    • Marucco, F.1    Pletscher, D.H.2    Boitani, L.3    Schwartz, M.K.4    Pilgrim, K.L.5    Lebreton, J.D.6
  • 38
    • 0007997780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of population size using open capture-recapture models
    • McDonald TL, Amstrup SC (2001) Estimation of population size using open capture-recapture models. J Agric Biol Environ Stat 6: 206-220.
    • (2001) J Agric Biol Environ Stat , vol.6 , pp. 206-220
    • McDonald, T.L.1    Amstrup, S.C.2
  • 40
    • 11844280142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L. Mech and L. Boitani (Eds.), Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
    • Mech L, Boitani L (eds) (2003) Wolves: behaviour ecology and conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.
    • (2003) Wolves: Behaviour Ecology and Conservation
  • 41
    • 0036160390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing allelic dropout and genotype reliability using maximum likelihood
    • Miller C, Joyce P, Waits LP (2002) Assessing allelic dropout and genotype reliability using maximum likelihood. Genetics 160: 357-366.
    • (2002) Genetics , vol.160 , pp. 357-366
    • Miller, C.1    Joyce, P.2    Waits, L.P.3
  • 42
    • 0034141982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating animal abundance using non-invasive DNA sampling: promise and pitfalls
    • Mills LS, Citta JJ, Lair KP, Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA (2000) Estimating animal abundance using non-invasive DNA sampling: promise and pitfalls. Ecol Appl 10: 283-294.
    • (2000) Ecol Appl , vol.10 , pp. 283-294
    • Mills, L.S.1    Citta, J.J.2    Lair, K.P.3    Schwartz, M.K.4    Tallmon, D.A.5
  • 43
    • 0002254053 scopus 로고
    • Capture-recapture models
    • Nichols JD (1992) Capture-recapture models. Bioscience 42: 94-102.
    • (1992) Bioscience , vol.42 , pp. 94-102
    • Nichols, J.D.1
  • 44
    • 0027243206 scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of dinucleotide repeat (CA)n markers for genetic mapping in dog
    • Ostrander EA, Sprague GF, Rine J (1993) Identification and characterization of dinucleotide repeat (CA)n markers for genetic mapping in dog. Genomics 16: 207-213.
    • (1993) Genomics , vol.16 , pp. 207-213
    • Ostrander, E.A.1    Sprague, G.F.2    Rine, J.3
  • 45
    • 33644871292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GenAlEx v.6.1: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research
    • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) GenAlEx v. 6. 1: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6: 288-295.
    • (2006) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.6 , pp. 288-295
    • Peakall, R.1    Smouse, P.E.2
  • 46
    • 78249253867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capture-recapture models with heterogeneity to study survival senescence in the wild
    • Péron G, Crochet PA, Choquet R, Pradel R, Lebreton JD, Gimenez O (2010) Capture-recapture models with heterogeneity to study survival senescence in the wild. Oikos 119: 524-532.
    • (2010) Oikos , vol.119 , pp. 524-532
    • Péron, G.1    Crochet, P.A.2    Choquet, R.3    Pradel, R.4    Lebreton, J.D.5    Gimenez, O.6
  • 47
    • 0036926624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leadership behavior in relation to dominance and reproductive status in gray wolves, Canis lupus
    • Peterson RO, Jacobs AM, Drummer TD, Mech DL, Smith DW (2002) Leadership behavior in relation to dominance and reproductive status in gray wolves, Canis lupus. Can J Zool 80: 1405-1412.
    • (2002) Can J Zool , vol.80 , pp. 1405-1412
    • Peterson, R.O.1    Jacobs, A.M.2    Drummer, T.D.3    Mech, D.L.4    Smith, D.W.5
  • 48
    • 0033944219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unified maximum likelihood estimates for closed capture-recapture models using mixtures
    • Pledger S (2000) Unified maximum likelihood estimates for closed capture-recapture models using mixtures. Biometrics 56: 434-442.
    • (2000) Biometrics , vol.56 , pp. 434-442
    • Pledger, S.1
  • 49
    • 0347994088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open capture-recapture models with heterogeneity: I. Cormack-Jolly-Seber model
    • Pledger S, Pollock KH, Norris JL (2003) Open capture-recapture models with heterogeneity: I. Cormack-Jolly-Seber model. Biometrics 59: 786-794.
    • (2003) Biometrics , vol.59 , pp. 786-794
    • Pledger, S.1    Pollock, K.H.2    Norris, J.L.3
  • 52
    • 20744432315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multievent: an extension of multistate capture-recapture models to uncertain states
    • Pradel R (2005) Multievent: an extension of multistate capture-recapture models to uncertain states. Biometrics 61: 442-447.
    • (2005) Biometrics , vol.61 , pp. 442-447
    • Pradel, R.1
  • 53
    • 65549157331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stakes of capture-recapture models with state uncertainty
    • D. L. Thomson, E. G. Cooch, and M. J. Conroy (Eds.), New York: Springer
    • Pradel R (2009) The stakes of capture-recapture models with state uncertainty. In: Thomson DL, Cooch EG, Conroy MJ (eds) Modeling demographic processes in marked populations. Springer, New York, pp 845-865.
    • (2009) Modeling Demographic Processes in Marked Populations , pp. 845-865
    • Pradel, R.1
  • 54
    • 16844368836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles and interest of GOF tests for multistate capture-recapture models
    • Pradel R, Gimenez O, Lebreton JD (2005) Principles and interest of GOF tests for multistate capture-recapture models. Anim Biodivers Conserv 28: 189-204.
    • (2005) Anim Biodivers Conserv , vol.28 , pp. 189-204
    • Pradel, R.1    Gimenez, O.2    Lebreton, J.D.3
  • 55
    • 0036285275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting rare introgression of domestic dog genes into wild wolf (Canis lupus) populations by Bayesian admixture analyses of microsatellite variation
    • Randi E, Lucchini V (2002) Detecting rare introgression of domestic dog genes into wild wolf (Canis lupus) populations by Bayesian admixture analyses of microsatellite variation. Conserv Genet 3: 31-45.
    • (2002) Conserv Genet , vol.3 , pp. 31-45
    • Randi, E.1    Lucchini, V.2
  • 56
    • 35848943470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ageing and environmental factors affect PCR success in wolf (Canis lupus) excremental DNA samples
    • Santini A, Lucchini V, Fabbri E, Randi E (2007) Ageing and environmental factors affect PCR success in wolf (Canis lupus) excremental DNA samples. Mol Ecol Notes 7: 955-961.
    • (2007) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.7 , pp. 955-961
    • Santini, A.1    Lucchini, V.2    Fabbri, E.3    Randi, E.4
  • 57
    • 79960463231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fine-scale genetic structure suggests low levels of short-range gene flow in a wolf population of the Italian Apennines
    • doi: 10. 1007/s10344-011-0509-y
    • Scandura M, Iacolina L, Capitani C, Gazzola A, Mattioli L, Apollonio M (2011) Fine-scale genetic structure suggests low levels of short-range gene flow in a wolf population of the Italian Apennines. Eur J Wildl Res. doi: 10. 1007/s10344-011-0509-y.
    • (2011) Eur J Wildl Res
    • Scandura, M.1    Iacolina, L.2    Capitani, C.3    Gazzola, A.4    Mattioli, L.5    Apollonio, M.6
  • 58
    • 61849171932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why sampling scheme matters: the effect of sampling scheme on landscape genetic results
    • Schwartz MK, McKelvey KS (2008) Why sampling scheme matters: the effect of sampling scheme on landscape genetic results. Conserv Genet 10: 441-452.
    • (2008) Conserv Genet , vol.10 , pp. 441-452
    • Schwartz, M.K.1    McKelvey, K.S.2
  • 59
    • 0033178320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive genetic sampling: look before you leap
    • Taberlet P, Waits LP, Luikart G (1999) Non-invasive genetic sampling: look before you leap. Trends Ecol Evol 14: 323-327.
    • (1999) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.14 , pp. 323-327
    • Taberlet, P.1    Waits, L.P.2    Luikart, G.3
  • 60
    • 0036734955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gimlet: a computer program for analysing genetic individual identification data
    • Valière N (2002) Gimlet: a computer program for analysing genetic individual identification data. Mol Ecol Notes 2: 377-379.
    • (2002) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.2 , pp. 377-379
    • Valière, N.1
  • 61
    • 0028004815 scopus 로고
    • Use of faeces for scent marking in Iberian wolves (Canis lupus)
    • Vila C, Urios V, Castroviejo J (1994) Use of faeces for scent marking in Iberian wolves (Canis lupus). Can J Zool 72: 374-377.
    • (1994) Can J Zool , vol.72 , pp. 374-377
    • Vila, C.1    Urios, V.2    Castroviejo, J.3
  • 62
    • 0034879288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The recovery, distribution, and population dynamics of wolves on the Scandinavian peninsula, 1978-1998
    • Wabakken P, Sand H, Liberg O, Bjarvall A (2001) The recovery, distribution, and population dynamics of wolves on the Scandinavian peninsula, 1978-1998. Can J Zool 79: 710-725.
    • (2001) Can J Zool , vol.79 , pp. 710-725
    • Wabakken, P.1    Sand, H.2    Liberg, O.3    Bjarvall, A.4
  • 63
    • 0000874117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biases associated with population estimation using molecular tagging
    • Waits J, Leberg P (2000) Biases associated with population estimation using molecular tagging. Anim Conserv 3: 191-199.
    • (2000) Anim Conserv , vol.3 , pp. 191-199
    • Waits, J.1    Leberg, P.2
  • 64
    • 33645689896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive genetic sampling tools for wildlife biologists: a review of applications and recommendations for accurate data collection
    • Waits LP, Paetkau D (2005) Noninvasive genetic sampling tools for wildlife biologists: a review of applications and recommendations for accurate data collection. J Wildl Manag 69: 1419-1433.
    • (2005) J Wildl Manag , vol.69 , pp. 1419-1433
    • Waits, L.P.1    Paetkau, D.2
  • 65
    • 0035144122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the probability of identity among genotypes in natural populations: cautions and guidelines
    • Waits LP, Luikart G, Taberlet P (2001) Estimating the probability of identity among genotypes in natural populations: cautions and guidelines. Mol Ecol 10: 249-256.
    • (2001) Mol Ecol , vol.10 , pp. 249-256
    • Waits, L.P.1    Luikart, G.2    Taberlet, P.3
  • 67
    • 0034951793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of methods to estimate the abundance of terrestrial carnivores using field signs and observation
    • Wilson GJ, Delahay RJ (2001) A review of methods to estimate the abundance of terrestrial carnivores using field signs and observation. Wildl Res 28: 151-164.
    • (2001) Wildl Res , vol.28 , pp. 151-164
    • Wilson, G.J.1    Delahay, R.J.2
  • 68
    • 0038444188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of badger abundance using faecal DNA typing
    • Wilson GJ, Frantz AC, Pope LC et al (2003) Estimation of badger abundance using faecal DNA typing. J Appl Ecol 40: 658-666.
    • (2003) J Appl Ecol , vol.40 , pp. 658-666
    • Wilson, G.J.1    Frantz, A.C.2    Pope, L.C.3
  • 70
    • 0001416359 scopus 로고
    • Number and distribution of wolves in Italy
    • Zimen E, Boitani L (1975) Number and distribution of wolves in Italy. Z Säugetierkunde 40: 102-112.
    • (1975) Z Säugetierkunde , vol.40 , pp. 102-112
    • Zimen, E.1    Boitani, L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.