Mortality parameters of the wolf in Italy: Does the wolf keep himself from the door?

Journal of Zoology

Volumn 272, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 117-124

  Lovari, S ^a   Sforzi, A ^a   Scala, C ^a   Fico, R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SIENA   (Italy)

^b ISTITUTO ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE DELL ABRUZZO E DEL MOLISE G CAPORALE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Canis lupus; Population structure; Reproduction; Road kills; Survivorship

Indexed keywords

AGE CLASS; CANID; CAUSE OF DEATH; DISPERSAL; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; ENDANGERED SPECIES; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; PATHOLOGY; POACHING; POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; REPRODUCTION; ROADKILL; SPECIES CONSERVATION; SURVIVORSHIP;

EURASIA; EUROPE; ITALY; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

CANIDAE; CANIS FAMILIARIS; CANIS LUPUS;

EID: 34248649074     PISSN: 09528369     EISSN: 14697998     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00260.x     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Apollonio, M. (1996). Evoluzione dell'ambiente e delle attività antropiche nelle aree appenniniche in relazione alla presenza del lupo (Canis lupus). In Atti Conv. "Dalla parte del lupo", Vol. 10 : 54 63. Cecere, F. (Ed.). Atti e Studi WWF Italia, Parma.
2. Boitani, L. (1981). Lupo Canis lupus. In Distribuzione e biologia di 22 specie di Mammiferi in Italia : 61 67. Pavan, M. (Ed.). Rome : Italian National Research Council, CNR.
3. Boitani, L. (1984). Genetic considerations on wolf conservation in Italy. Boll. Zool. 51, 367 373.
4. Boitani, L. (2003). Wolf conservation and recovery. In Wolves : 317 340. Mech, L.D. Boitani, L. (Eds). Chicago and London : University of Chicago Press.
5. Bulgarini, F., Calvario, E., Fraticelli, F., Petretti, F. Sarrocco, S. (Eds) (1998). Libro Rosso degli animali d'Italia: Vertebrati. Roma : Worldwide Fund for Nature - Italian Appeal.
6. Ciucci, P. Boitani, L. (1991). Viability assessment of the Italian wolf and guidelines for the management of the wild and a captive population. Ric. Biol. Selv. 89, 1 58.
7. Ciucci, P. Boitani, L. (2003). Canis lupus Linneus 1758. In Fauna d'Italia. Mammalia III: Carnivora-Artiodactyla : 20 47. Boitani, L., Lovari, S. Vigna Taglianti, A. (Eds). Bologna : Calderini.
8. Ciucci, P. Boitani, L. (2004). La ricerca sul lupo in Italia: aspetti metodologici, ecologia alimentare e prospettive. In Il futuro del lupo nella Regione dei parchi : 43 69. Pellegrini, M. (Ed.). Teramo : WWF-Italia, Sez. Teramo, Tipografia 2000.
9. Fuller, T.K., Mech, L.D. Cochrane, J.F. (2003). Wolf population dynamics. In Wolves : 161 191. Mech, L.D. Boitani, L. (Eds). Chicago and London : University of Chicago Press.
10. Fuller, W.A. (1954). Wolf control operations, Southern Mackenzie District, 1954-1955. Can. Wildl. Serv. Rep. 13, 19.
11. Fuller, W.A. Novakowsky, N.S. (1955). Wolf control operations, Wood Buffalo National Park, 1951-1952. Can. Wildl. Serv. Wildl. Mgmt. Bull. Ser. 11, 23.
12. Genovesi, P. (Ed.) (2002). Piano d'Azione nazionale per la conservazione del lupo, Vol. 13. Quaderni Conservazione Natura. Rome : Italian Ministry of Environment.
13. Guberti, V. Francisci, F. (1991). Cause di mortalità di 60 lupi raccolti in Italia dal 1984. Suppl. Ric. Biol. Selvaggina 19, 599 603.
14. Huber, D., Kusak, J., Frkovic, A., Guzvica, G. Gomercic, T. (2002). Causes of wolf mortality in Croatia in the period 1986-2001. Vet. Arh. 72, 131 139.
15. Jȩdrzejewska, B., Jȩdrzejewski, W., Bunevich, A.N., Miłkowsky, L. Okarma, H. (1996). Population dynamics of wolves Canis lupus in Białowieża Primeval Forest (Poland and Belarus) in relation to hunting by humans, 1847-1993. Mammal Rev. 26, 103 126.
16. Jensen, B. Nielsen, L.B. (1968). Age determination in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) from canine tooth sections. Dan. Rev. Game Biol. 5, 1 15.
17. Kellsal, J.P. (1968). The migratory barren round caribou of Canada. Ottawa : Canadian Wildlife Services, Queen's Printer.
18. Kreeger, T.J. (2003). The internal wolf: physiology, pathology and pharmacology. In Wolves : 192 217. Mech, L.D. Boitani, L. (Eds). Chicago and London : University of Chicago Press.
19. Landon, D.B., Waite, C.A., Peterson, R.O. Mech, L.D. (1998). Evaluation of age determination techniques for gray wolves. J. Wildl. Mgmt. 62, 674 682.
20. Lorenzini, R. Fico, R. (1995). A genetic investigation of enzyme polymorphisms shared by wolf and dog: suggestions for conservation of the wolf in Italy. Acta Theriol. 3 (Suppl.), 101 110.
21. Makridin, V.P. (1962). The wolf in the Yamal north. Zool. Zhur. 41, 1413 1417.
22. Mech, L.D. (1970). The wolf: the ecology and behaviour of an endangered species. New York, NY : Natural History Press.
23. Mech, L.D. (1977). Productivity, mortality and population trends of wolves in north-eastern Minnesota. J. Mammal. 58, 559 574.
24. Mech, L.D. (1989). Wolf population survival in an area of high road density. Am. Midl. Nat. 121, 387 389.
25. Mech, L.D. (1994). Buffer zones of territories of gray wolves as regions of intraspecific strife. J. Mammal. 75, 192 202.
26. Mech, L.D. (in press). Estimated age structure of wolves in north-eastern Minnesota. J. Wildl. Mgmt.
27. Mech, L.D., Adams, L.G., Meier, T.J., Burch, J.W. Dale, B.W. (1998). The wolves of Denali. Minneapolis and London : University of Minnesota Press.
28. Mech, L.D. Boitani, L. (2003). Wolf social ecology. In Wolves : 1 34. Mech, L.D. Boitani, L. (Eds). Chicago and London : University of Chicago Press.
29. Meriggi, A. Lovari, S. (1996). A review of wolf predation in Southern Europe: does the wolf prefer wild prey to livestock? J. Appl. Ecol. 33, 1561 1571.
30. Olsen, M.L. (2003). Causes of mortality of free-ranging Scandinavian grey wolves, 1977-2003. Project paper, Department of Arctic Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Tromsø.
31. Pedrotti, L., Duprè, E., Preatoni, D. Toso, S. (2001). Banca dati Ungulati: status, distribuzione, consistenza gestione, prelievo venatorio e potenzialità delle popolazioni di Ungulati in Italia. Biol. Conservazione Fauna 109, 1 132.
32. Pence, D.B. Ueckermann, E. (2002). Sarcoptic mange in wildlife. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 21, 385 398.
33. Pezzo, F., Parigi, L. Fico, R. (2003). Food habits of wolves in central Italy based on stomach and intestine analyses. Acta Theriol. 48, 265 270.
34. Pimlott, D.H., Shannon, J.A. Kolenosky, G.B. (1969). The ecology of the timber wolf in Algonquin Park. Ont. Dept. Lands Forests 7, 92.
35. Randi, E., Lucchini, V. Francisci, F. (1993). Allozyme variability in the Italian wolf population. Heredity 71, 516 522.
36. Raush, R.L. (1967). Some aspects of the population ecology of wolves, Alaska. Am. Zool. 7, 235 265.
37. Rosenbrock, H.H. (1960). An automatic method for finding the greatest or least value of a function. Comp. J. 3, 175 184.
38. Route, B. Aylsworth, L. (1999). World wolf status report - 1999. International Wolf Center, Ely, Minnesota. Int. Wolf 9, 1 4.
39. Scala, C. (1990). Le curve di sopravvivenza come strumento di analisi ambientale e strutturale. In Demografie comparate, Vol. 2 : 221 240. Maisano, S. (Ed.). Facoltà di Scienze Politiche dell'Università di Messina : Atti delle giornate di studio su "Gli aspetti biologici della sopravvivenza" (3-4 November 1989), Messina.
40. Schröder, W. Promberger, C. (1993). Wolf conservation strategy for Europe. In Wolves in Europe. Status and perspectives : 2 8. Promberger, C. Schröder, W. (Eds). Münich : Münich Wildlife Society.
41. Thiel, R.P. (1985). Relationships between road densities and wolf habitat suitability in Wisconsin. Am.Midl. Nat. 113, 404 407.
42. Vilà, C. Wayne, R.K. (1999). Hybridization between wolves and dogs. Conserv. Biol. 13, 195 198.
43. Zimen, E. Boitani, L. (1975). Number and distribution of wolves in Italy. Z. Säugetierkunde 40, 102 112.