Aerosol-cloud-precipitation effects over Germany as simulated by a convective-scale numerical weather prediction model

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 709-725

  Seifert, A ^a   Kohler C ^a,b   Beheng, K D ^c  

^a DEUTSCHER WETTERDIENST   (Germany)

^b GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER DLR   (Germany)

^c KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEUS; CLOUD COVER; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; NUMERICAL MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; PRECIPITATION ASSESSMENT; SEASONAL VARIATION; SUMMER; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WEATHER FORECASTING;

GERMANY;

EID: 84855929969     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-709-2012     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Albrecht, B.: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness, Science, 245, 1227-1230, 1989. (Pubitemid 20402204)
2. Alpert, P., Halfon, N., and Levin, Z.: Does air pollution really suppress precipitation in Israel?, J. Appl. Meteorol., 47, 933-943, 2008.
3. Ayers, G. and Levin, Z.: Air pollution and precipitation, in: Clouds in the perturbed climate system, edited by Heintzenberg, J. and Charlson, R., 369-400, The MIT Press, 2009.
4. Baldauf, M., Seifert, A., Förstner, J., Majewski, D., and Raschen-dorfer, M.: Operational convective-scale numerical weather prediction with the COSMO model: description and sensitivities, Mon. Weather Rev., 139, 3887-3905, 2011.
5. Blahak, U.: Towards a better representation of high density ice particles in a state-of-the-art two-moment bulk microphysical scheme, in: Proc. 15th Int. Conf. Clouds and Precip., Cancun, Mexico, 2008.
6. Borys, R., Lowenthal, D., and Cohn, S.: Mountaintop and radar measurements of anthropogenic aerosol effects on snow growth and snowfall rate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1538, doi:10.1029/2002GL016855, 2003.
7. Cotton, W.: Modification of precipitation from warm clouds-a review, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 63, 146-160, 1982.
8. Cotton, W.: Weather and climate engineering, in: Clouds in the perturbed climate system, edited by: Heintzenberg, J. and Charlson, R., 369-400, The MIT Press, 2009.
9. Edwards, J. M., Havemann, S., Thelen, J. C., and Baran, A. J.: A new parametrization for the radiative properties of ice crystals: Comparison with existing schemes and impact in a GCM, At-mos. Res., 83, 19-35, 2007. (Pubitemid 44961722)
10. Eidhammer, T., DeMott, P. J., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A comparison of heterogeneous ice nucleation parameterizations using a parcel model framework, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06202, doi:10.1029/2008JD011095, 2009.
11. Eidhammer, T., DeMott, P. J., Prenni, A. J., Petters, M. D., Twohy, C. H., Rogers, D. C., Stith, J., Heymsfield, A., Wang, Z., Pratt, K. A., Prather, K. A., Murphy, S. M., Seinfeld, J. H., Subrama-nian, R., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Ice Initiation by Aerosol Particles: Measured and predicted ice nuclei concentrations versus measured ice crystal concentrations in an orographic wave cloud, J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 2417-2436, 2010.
12. Fan, J., Yuan, T., Comstock, J. M., Ghan, S., Khain, A., Leung, L. R., Li, Z., Martins, V. J., and Ovchinnikov, M.: Dominant role by vertical wind shear in regulating aerosol effects on deep convective clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D22206, doi:10.1029/2009JD012352, 2009.
13. Feingold, G. and Siebert, H.: Cloud-aerosol interactions from the micro to the cloud scale, in: Clouds in the perturbed climate system: their relationship to energy balance, atmospheric dynamics, and precipitation, edited by: Heintzenberg, J. and Charlson, R. J., 319-338, 2009.
14. Garstang, M., Bruintjes, R., Serafin, R., Orville, H., Boe, B., Cotton, W., and Warburton, J.: Weather modification: finding common ground, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 86, 647-655, 2005. (Pubitemid 40843590)
15. Gebhardt, C., Theis, S., Paulat, M., and Ben Bouallegue, Z.: Uncertainties in COSMO-DE precipitation forecasts introduced by model perturbations and variation of lateral boundaries, At-mos. Res., 100, 168-177, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.12.008, 2010.
16. Grabowski, W. and Smolarkiewicz, P.: CRCP: a cloud resolving convection parameterization for modeling the tropical convecting atmosphere, Phys. D, 133, 171-178, 1999.
17. Grabowski, W., Wu, X., Moncrieff, M., and Hall, W.: Cloud-resolving modeling of cloud systems during phase III of GATE. Part II: fffects of resolution and the third spatial dimension, J. At-mos. Sci., 55, 3264-3282, 1998. (Pubitemid 128624136)
18. Grabowski, W. W. and Morrison, H.: Indirect impact of atmospheric aerosols in idealized simulations of convective-radiative quasi equilibrium. Part II: double-moment microphysics, J. Climate, 24, 1897-1912, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3647.1, 2011.
19. Hu, Y. and Stamnes, K.: An accurate parameterization of the radiative properties of water clouds suitable for use in climate models, J. Climate, 6, 728-742, 1993. (Pubitemid 23382886)
20. Kärcher, B. and Lohmann, U.: A parameterization of cirrus cloud formation: Homogeneous freezing of supercooled aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4010, doi:10.1029/2001JD000470, 2002.
21. Kärcher, B., Hendricks, J., and Lohmann, U.: Physically based parameterization of cirrus cloud formation for use in global atmospheric models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D01205, doi:10.1029/2005JD006219, 2006. (Pubitemid 43263784)
22. Khain, A., Pokrovsky, A., and Sednev, I.: Some effects of cloud-aerosol interaction on cloud microphysics structure and precipitation formation: Numerical experiments with a spectral micro-physics cloud ensemble model, Atmos. Res., 52, 195-220, 1999. (Pubitemid 30031747)
23. Khain, A., Rosenfeld, D., and Pokrovsky, A.: Aerosol impact on the dynamics and microphysics of deep convective clouds, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2639-2663, 2005. (Pubitemid 41694345)
24. Khairoutdinov, M. and Randall, D.: A cloud resolving model as a cloud parameterization in the NCAR community climate system model: preliminary results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3617-3620, 2001. (Pubitemid 32989819)
25. Koren, I., Kaufman, Y., Rosenfeld, D., Remer, L., and Rudich, Y.: Aerosol invigoration and restructuring of Atlantic convective clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L14828, doi:10.1029/2005GL023187, 2005. (Pubitemid 41372648)
26. Levin, Z. and Cotton, W.: Aerosol pollution impact on precipitation: a scientific review, Springer, Heidelberg, WMO and IUGG Report, 2008.
27. Lohmann, U.: A glaciation indirect aerosol effect caused by soot aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1052, doi:10.1029/2001GL014357, 2002.
28. Lohmann, U. and Feichter, J.: Global indirect aerosol effects: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 715-737, doi:10.5194/acp-5-715-2005, 2005. (Pubitemid 40479137)
29. Lohmann, U. and Hoose, C.: Sensitivity studies of different aerosol indirect effects in mixed-phase clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8917-8934, doi:10.5194/acp-9-8917-2009, 2009.
30. Majewski, D., Liermann, D., Prohl, P., Ritter, B., Buchhold, M., Hanisch, T., Paul, G., Wergen, W., and Baumgardner, J.: The operational global Icosahedral-Hexagonal Gridpoint Model GME: description and high-resolution tests, J. Atmos. Sci., 139, 319-338, 2002. (Pubitemid 34842332)
31. Morrison, H. and Grabowski, W. W.: Cloud-system resolving model simulations of aerosol indirect effects on tropical deep convection and its thermodynamic environment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 10503-10523, doi:10.5194/acp-11-10503-2011, 2011.
32. Noppel, H., Blahak, U., Seifert, A., and Beheng, K. D.: Simulations of a hailstorm and the impact of CCN using an advanced two-moment cloud microphysical scheme, Atmos. Res., 96, 286-301, 2010.
33. Pfeifer, M., Yen, W., Baldauf, M., Craig, G., Crewell, S., Fischer, J., Hagen, M., Huehnerbein, A., Mech, M., Reinhardt, T., Schroeder, M., and Seifert, A.: Validating precipitation forecasts using remote sensor synergy: A case study approach, Meteo-rol. Zeitschr., 19, 601-617, 2010.
34. Phillips, V. T. J., DeMott, P. J., and Andronache, C.: An empirical parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation for multiple chemical species of aerosol, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 2757-2783, 2008.
35. Rosenfeld, D. and Givati, A.: Evidence of orographic precipitation suppression by air pollution-induced aerosols in the western United States, J. Appl. Meteorol., 45, 893-911, 2006. (Pubitemid 44209896)
36. Segal, Y. and Khain, A.: Dependence of droplet concentration on aerosol conditions in different cloud types: Application to droplet concentration parameterization of aerosol conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15204, doi:10.1029/2005JD006561, 2006. (Pubitemid 46028992)
37. Seifert, A.: A note on the shape-slope relation of the drop size distribution in convective rain, J. Appl. Meteorol., 44, 1146-1151, 2005. (Pubitemid 41269620)
38. Seifert, A.: On the parameterization of evaporation of raindrops as simulated by a one-dimensional rainshaft model, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3608-3619, 2008.
39. Seifert, A. and Beheng, K.: A two-moment cloud microphysics parameterization for mixed-phase clouds. Part I: model description, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 92, 45-66, 2006a. (Pubitemid 43280472)
40. Seifert, A. and Beheng, K.: A two-moment cloud microphysics parameterization for mixed-phase clouds. Part II: maritime vs. continental deep convective storms, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 92, 67-88, 2006b.
41. Seifert, A. and Beheng, K. D.: A double-moment parameterization for simulating autoconversion, accretion and selfcollection, At-mos. Res., 59-60, 265-281, 2001. (Pubitemid 34010785)
42. Seifert, A. and Stevens, B.: Microphysical scaling relations in a kinematic model of isolated shallow cumulus clouds, J. At-mos. Sci., 67, 1575-1590, 2010.
43. Seifert, A. and Zängl, G.: Scaling relations in warm-rain orographic precipitation, Meteorol. Zeitschr., 19, 417-426, 2010.
44. Seifert, A., Khain, A., Pokrovsky, A., and Beheng, K. D.: A comparison of spectral bin and two-moment bulk mixed-phase mi-crophysics, Atmos. Res., 80, 46-66, 2006.
45. Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Av-eryt, K., Tignor, M., and Miller, H., eds.: Climate Change 2007: The physical science basis. contribution of working Group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, chap. 7.5.2, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
46. Sorooshian, A., Feingold, G., Lebsock, M. D., Jiang, H., and Stephens, G. L.: On the precipitation susceptibility of clouds to aerosol perturbations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L13803, doi:10.1029/2009GL038993, 2009.
47. Sorooshian, A., Feingold, G., Lebsock, M. D., Jiang, H., and Stephens, G. L.: Deconstructing the precipitation susceptibility construct: Improving methodology for aerosol-cloud precipitation studies, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D17201, doi:10.1029/2009JD013426, 2010.
48. Stephan, K., Klink, S., and Schraff, C.: Assimilation of radar-derived rain rates into the convective-scale model COSMO-DE at DWD, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 134, 1315-1326, 2008.
49. Steppeler, J., Doms, G., Schättler, U., Bitzer, H., Gassmann, A., Damrath, U., and Gregoric, G.: Meso-gamma scale forecasts using the nonhydrostatic model LM, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 82, 75-96, 2003. (Pubitemid 37450346)
50. Stevens, B. and Feingold, G.: Untangling aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation in a buffered system, Nature, 461, 607-613, 2009.
51. Tao, W.-K., Chern, J.-D., Atlas, R., Randall, D., Khairoutdinov, M., Li, J.-L., Waliser, D. E., Hou, A., Lin, X., Peters-Lidard, C., Lau, W., Jiang, J., and Simpson, J.: A multiscale modeling system: developments, applications, and critical issues, B. Am. Meteo-rol. Soc., 90, 515-534, doi:10.1175/2008BAMS2542. 1, 2009.
52. Teller, A. and Levin, Z.: The effects of aerosols on precipitation and dimensions of subtropical clouds: a sensitivity study using a numerical cloud model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 67-80, doi:10.5194/acp-6-67-2006, 2006. (Pubitemid 43263648)
53. Tiedtke, M.: A comprehensive mass flux scheme for cumulus parameterization in large-scale models, Mon. Weather Rev., 117, 1779-1800, 1983.
54. Van den Heever, S. C., Stephens, G. L., and Wood, N. B.: Aerosol indirect effects on tropical convection characteristics under conditions of radiative convective equilibrium, J. Atmos. Sci., 68, 699-718, doi:10.1175/2010JAS3603.1, 2011.
55. Van den Heever, S. C., Carrio, G. G., Cotton, W. R., DeMott, P. J., and Prenni, A. J.: Impacts of nucleating aerosol on Florida storms. Part I: Mesoscale simulations, J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 1752-1775, 2006. (Pubitemid 44184025)
56. Vogel, B., Vogel, H., Baeumer, D., Bangert, M., Lundgren, K., Rinke, R., and Stanelle, T.: The comprehensive model system COSMO-ART-Radiative impact of aerosol on the state of the atmosphere on the regional scale, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8661-8680, doi:10.5194/acp-9-8661-2009, 2009.
57. Wang, M., Ghan, S., Easter, R., Ovchinnikov, M., Liu, X., Kas-sianov, E., Qian, Y., Gustafson, Jr., W. I., Larson, V. E., Scha-nen, D. P., Khairoutdinov, M., and Morrison, H.: The multi-scale aerosol-climate model PNNL-MMF: model description and evaluation, Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 137-168, doi:10.5194/gmd-4- 137-2011, 2011.
58. Wicker, L. J. and Skamarock, W. C.: Time-splitting methods for elastic models using forward time schemes, Mon. Weather Rev., 130, 2088-2097, 2002.
59. Xue, H., Feingold, G., and Stevens, B.: Aerosol effects on clouds, precipitation, and the organization of shallow cumulus convection, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 392-406, 2008. (Pubitemid 351411358)
60. Zubler, E. M., Folini, D., Lohmann, U., Mühlbauer, A., Pousse-Nottelmann, S., Schär, C., and Wild, M.: Implementation and evaluation of aerosol and cloud microphysics in a regional climate model, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D02211, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014572, 2011.